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PubMed2001

Integrating water-quality management and land-use planning in a watershed context.

The spatial relationships between land uses and river-water quality measured with biological, water chemistry, and habitat indicators were analyzed in the Little Miami River watershed, OH, USA. Data obtained from various federal and state agencies were integrated with Geographic Information System spatial analysis functions. After statistically analyzing the spatial patterns of the water quality in receiving rivers and land uses and other point pollution sources in the watershed, the results showed that the water biotic quality did not degrade significantly below wastewater treatment plants. However, significantly lower water quality was found in areas downstream from high human impact areas where urban land was dominated or near point pollution sources. The study exhibits the importance of integrating water-quality management and land-use planning. Planners and policy-makers at different levels should bring stakeholders together, based on the understanding of land-water relationship in a watershed, to prevent pollution from happening and to plan for a sustainable future.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1993

Preparing for terror.

Terrorists enjoy their exposure in the international press. Their acts and treats of violence are heralded in headlines and broadcast throughout the world. They purposely inflict damage in public places where there are large numbers of victims, with the potential for a great deal of destruction and debris. They intend to inflict economic loss, instill fear and disrupt everyday life, while at the same time believing their need to maim and kill is justified. Is it no wonder that the World Trade Center was a highly prized target? You must remember that terrorism involves the perpetrator's willful, calculated choice to use innocent victims as targets, and that the terrorist's acts are deliberate, systematic murders to inspire fear for political or criminal ends. As Brian Jenkins stated back in 1983, "terrorism is never a short-term event...you never really get over it...and its effects can't be buried or forgotten." Thus, our responsibility, as EMS providers, is to recognize the threat and refuse to be lulled into a sense of complacency. The United States is at risk, and our greatest threat may even come from our own ranks: political crusaders, activists, hate groups, drug merchants and gangs. The criminals, zealots, fanatics and extremists of the world will continue to believe their crusades and turf battles can be won through terrorist acts. It's up to us to respond effectively to the aftermath.

Disaster Planning↗