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Results for “CHRISTMAS DISEASE”

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At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Long-term follow-up of patients with serpinginous choroiditis.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term clinical course of serpiginous choroiditis-a recurrent inflammatory disease that causes progressive visual loss-and to determine the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients who met inclusion criteria for serpiginous choroiditis at The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics was performed. Information collected included duration of follow-up, number of recurrences of inflammation, visual acuities, and development of choroidal neovascularization. The number of recurrences of inflammation in patients treated with immunosuppressive agents was compared with that in patients treated only with corticosteroids or observation. RESULTS: Seventeen patients were identified who had a mean age at presentation of 39.6 years. The mean duration of follow-up was 149.2 months, with 13 patients who were followed up for >60 months. Twelve eyes either presented with or developed macular choroidal neovascularization during follow-up. Thirteen of the patients were followed up for >12 months. Of these 13 patients, 6 received treatment with immunosuppressive agents along with corticosteroids. Four of the six patients developed no further inflammatory recurrence. Seven of the 13 patients were treated with corticosteroids or observation. All of these patients developed recurrences (P = 0.021, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressive agents appear to reduce the rate of recurrent disease in serpiginous choroiditis compared with corticosteroids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The Albury-Wodonga syndrome. A tale of two cities.

PURPOSE: An epidemic of acutely painful eyes having a seasonal restriction and an apparent response to topical indomethacin, is described. METHODS: From patients seen in a rural private practice, the clinical picture of this acute syndrome and the use of indomethacin drops is described. RESULTS: A favourable response to topical indomethacin in 21 patients is documented. CONCLUSION: Topical indomethacin is worthy of further trial and investigation in the management of the Albury-Wodonga syndrome, harvester's eye, Christmas eye or seasonal corneal ulcer.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Detrusor myopathy: an accurate predictor of bladder hypocompliance and contracture in interstitial cystitis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether any histological characteristics within the detrusor in cases of early interstitial cystitis (IC) predict the subsequent development of severe symptoms due to bladder contracture. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The detrusor muscle component of bladder biopsies from 21 patients with IC was examined in sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Videocystometrography was performed at least 2 months after the biopsy and the patients were then followed up clinically for at least 3 years. RESULTS: The detrusor appeared normal in 13 patients; in eight there was evidence of detrusor myopathy. Patients with biopsies confirming detrusor myopathy were significantly more likely to have hypocompliant bladders than those with normal detrusor muscle histology (P < 0.02). Over the following 3 years, six of the eight patients with detrusor myopathy developed progressively severe symptoms and required subtotal cystectomy and enterocystoplasty. None of the 13 patients without detrusor myopathy required bladder substitution. CONCLUSION: In IC, detrusor myopathy is associated with bladder hypocompliance. Patients with detrusor myopathy appear to have more severe disease and are more likely to progress to bladder contracture requiring substitution enterocystoplasty.

Contracture↗
PubMed2000

Inflammatory mediators in acute pancreatitis.

Inflammatory mediators play a key role in acute pancreatitis and the resultant multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, which is the primary cause of death in this condition. Recent studies have confirmed the critical role played by inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, PAF, IL-10, C5a, ICAM-1, and substance P. The systemic effects of acute pancreatitis have many similarities to those of other conditions such as septicaemia, severe burns, and trauma. The delay between the onset of inflammation in the pancreas and the development of the systemic response makes acute pancreatitis an ideal experimental and clinical model with which to study the role of inflammatory mediators and to test novel therapies. Elucidation of the key mediators involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis will facilitate the development of clinically effective anti-inflammatory therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Treatment with Met-RANTES reduces lung injury in caerulein-induced pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Severe acute pancreatitis leads to a systemic inflammatory response characterized by widespread leucocyte activation and, as a consequence, distant lung injury. In CC chemokines the first two cysteine residues are adjacent to each other. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Met-RANTES, a CC chemokine receptor antagonist, on pancreatic inflammation and lung injury in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. METHODS: Acute pancreatitis was induced in mice by hourly intraperitoneal injection of caerulein. Met-RANTES was administered either 30 min before or 1 h after starting caerulein injections, and pancreatic inflammation and lung injury were assessed. There were five groups of eight mice each including controls. RESULTS: Treatment with Met-RANTES had little effect on caerulein-induced pancreatic damage. Met-RANTES, however, reduced lung injury when given either before administration of caerulein (mean(s.e.m.) lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) 1.47(0.19) versus 3.70(0.86)-fold increase over control, P = 0.024; mean(s.e.m.) microvascular permeability 1.15(0.05) versus 3.57(0.63) lavage to plasma fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled albumin fluorescence ratio (L/P) per cent, P = 0.002) or after caerulein administration (lung MPO 1.96(0.27) versus 3.65(0.63)-fold increase over control, P = 0.029; microvascular permeability 0.94(0.04) versus 2.85(0.34) L/P per cent, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Treatment with Met-RANTES reduces lung damage associated with caerulein-induced pancreatitis in mice. Chemokine receptor antagonists may be of use for the treatment of the systemic complications of acute pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Birdshot retinochoroiditis: long term follow-up of a chronically progressive disease.

PURPOSE: To determine the long-term course of birdshot retinochoroiditis by reviewing patient records from The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. DESIGN: A descriptive case series. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 19 patients seen at The University of Iowa for birdshot retinochoroiditis. Inclusion criteria were set before review. Goldmann perimetry isopters were converted to an area measurement in steradians and the I2e and I4e isopters were evaluated at each time point. The visual acuity, electroretinography (ERG), and visual field findings were compared to the clinical appearance of the fundus. RESULTS: Follow-up ranged from one visit to 220 months. Of the 14 patients who were tested, all were HLA-A29-positive. Seven patients were followed for >or=60 months. Eleven patients were followed for >or=30 months. The initial visual acuity was 20/50 or better in 36 of 38 eyes and 20/60 and 20/80 in the remaining two. Visual acuity was worse than 20/50 in three of 22 eyes followed for more than 30 months. Visual field data demonstrated progressive loss of area for either the I4e or I2e isopters in six of seven patients who were followed for >or=60 months. Multiple ERGs were performed over time on eight of 19 patients; seven of eight patients demonstrated progressive loss of electrophysiologic indices. CONCLUSION: Retinal function in birdshot retinochoroiditis deteriorated progressively over a period of years despite stable visual acuity. Late in the course of disease, visual acuity may be lost due to chorioretinal atrophy in the posterior pole. Visual acuity alone is not an adequate parameter with which to monitor disease activity and may falsely suggest that a patient is stable or doing well. Intermittent treatment of the inflammatory exacerbations did not prevent progressive visual loss. Other treatment strategies such as prolonged corticosteroid or immunosuppressive treatment should be investigated for patients with birdshot retinochoroiditis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Prostate-specific antigen doubling time and survival in patients with advanced metastatic prostate cancer.

The relation between tumor kinetics and disease progression in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) has not been well described. Biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer is characterized by detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after treatment and occurs in approximately 30% of patients after therapy for apparent localized disease. An increase in PSA almost always occurs before clinical evidence of disease. The ability to identify early biochemical failure in patients to assess disease aggressiveness and guide changes in treatment needs to be examined. We examined serial PSA data from 249 patients with metastatic disease to assess PSA doubling time (PSADT) in hormone-naive prostate cancer (HNPC) and HRPC states. In a subset of patients, the relation of PSADT to Gleason score and survival was studied. PSADT decreased from 37.5 +/- 4.5 weeks to 15.6 +/- 1.6 weeks (mean +/- SEM) in patients with HNPC versus HRPC. In this small study, PSADT did not correlate with Gleason score, survival from start of hormonal treatment, length of time receiving hormone therapy, or survival in the HRPC state. The decrease in PSADT with disease state may help provide insight into understanding the biology of late-stage disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

A discussion of the biology of testicular cancer and current concepts in the management of stage I and bilateral disease.

This case was the subject of a Grand Round Presentation at the Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK on 8 June 2004. A case of metachronous, bilateral testicular germ-cell tumours (TGCTs) arising in a patient with a family history of this disease was presented. The second primary was managed conservatively. The rationale and outcome of this approach was presented, along with a discussion of the management of early stage TGCTs and the genetics of familial and bilateral disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Raccoon ascarid larvae as a cause of fatal central nervous system disease in subhuman primates.

To assess the danger of Baylisascaris procyonis (the common roundworm of raccoons) to subhuman primates, as well as the zoonotic potential of the parasite, 4 squirrel monkeys were inoculated by stomach tube with 5,000 or 10,500 infective B procyonis eggs. Fulminating severe CNS disease developed at 10-15 days after inoculation, and the monkeys died or were euthanatized at 12-19 days. At necropsy, numerous hemorrhagic migration tracks were visible in coronal brain slices. Histologically, numerous migration tracks and larvae were seen in the brain as well as the spinal cord. Larvae measured 60-65 micrometers in midbody diameter. Migration tracks averaged 508 micrometers X 354 micrometers in cross section and consisted of foci of malacia and microcavitation, with an influx of macrophages and leukocytes, and various degrees of hemorrhage. Also seen were extensive perivascular cuffing, gliosis, astrocytosis, and a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate. Numerous larval granulomas were seen grossly and microscopically throughout the body; they were particularly abundant in the tissues of the head, neck, and thorax. It was concluded that B procyonis should be considered a threat to the health of subhuman primates and an important potential zoonosis in situations wherein infection of monkeys or human beings could take place.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

A review of physical and psychological factors in vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.

This review is based on a MEDLINE search of all papers on vulvar vestibulitis syndrome (VVS) published 1995-2000. The causation, natural history and prevalence of VVS are unknown. There is no convincing evidence that VVS is the result of an infection or of an allergy. It has been proposed that it is an atypical pain syndrome but there is currently no clear evidence that this is so. The usual diagnostic criteria used in VVS are of doubtful discriminative value. Findings from biopsies of women with VVS are inconsistent. While there is some evidence to suggest that women with VVS attending clinics differ psychologically from normal controls, it is not clear whether these differences reflect the effects of VVS, are the result of patient selection or influence the development of the disease. Several treatments, including biofeedback, psychosexual treatment and surgery have been reported to be successful in some patients but there is a lack of proper placebo-controlled trials on which to base estimates of efficacy. There is a vital need for further, high-quality, research in this area.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Cytokines and acute pancreatitis.

Cytokines have been shown to play a pivotal role in multiple organ dysfunction, a major cause of death in severe acute pancreatitis. Moreover, the two-hit hypothesis of the cytokine-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome explains the variable individual response to severe acute pancreatitis and the impact of secondary events such as sepsis or therapeutic intervention. Many experimental anti-cytokine therapies have been administered following induction of experimental pancreatitis, and have proved to be therapeutic. Patients with severe pancreatitis present early because of pain. Clearly then a window for therapeutic intervention is available between onset of symptoms and peak pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. It is this fundamental observation that convinces many in the field that the treatment of AP will be one of the first clinical successes for novel drugs or therapy that seek to modulate the inflammatory response.

Acute Disease↗