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PubMed1975

Metabolic factors in the control of energy stores.

We have examined some of the factors involved in the control of food intake and integrated the data using methods of systems analysis from biomedical engineering. The central hypothesis is that energy stored in the body is a regulated variable. Alterations in the quantity of stored calories initiates changes designed to restore the store of calories to its original level. These responses are both short-term and long-term in nature. They involve integrating data on the quantities of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid stores in the body, probably through such feedback signals as amino acids, glucose, glycerol, and free fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effects of caffeine and tryptophan on rectal temperature, metabolism, total exercise time, rate of perceived exertion and heart rate.

Stimulant properties during exercise have been attributed to caffeine (CAF) and tryptophan (Trp). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of CAF and Trp ingestion on rectal temperature (Tre), total exercise time (TET), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), pulmonary ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during exercise on a cycle ergometer at 80% of maximal work load, in eight healthy male volunteers. Each subject abstained from caffeine for 48 h and from animal-derived foods for 36 h before each experiment. Aerobic capacity was determined on the first day. In consecutive trials, conducted in a double-blind, randomized, crossed-over manner, each subject received capsules containing CAF (10 mg/kg), Trp (1.2 g), a combination of the two (CAF+Trp), and lactose (PLA), 1 h before exercise. Plasma CAF concentration (PC) was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), before (basal concentration) and 1 and 2 h after ingestion of the capsules. At both times after CAF or CAF+Trp ingestion, the PC was elevated compared with the basal concentration (P < 0.05). During exercise, significant increases occurred with time in Tre, TET, VO2, VCO2, VE, HR and RPE (P < 0.01) while no significant difference was observed when CAF or CAF+Trp were compared with control values. Under the conditions of this study, CAF and/or Trp did not affect the physiological parameters measured before, during or after exercise at 80% of maximal work load.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Morphological and distribution characteristics of sweat glands in hypertrophic scar and their possible effects on sweat gland regeneration.

BACKGROUND: In hypertrophic scar tissue, no sweet gland and hair follicle exist usually because of the dermal and epidermal damage in extensive thermal skin injury, thus imparing regulation of body temperature. This study was designed to reveal the morphological and distributional characteristics of the sweat glands in normal skin and hypertrophic scar obtained from children and adults, and to study the possible interfering effects of the scar on regeneration of the sweat gland after burn injury. METHODS: Biopsies of hypertrophic scar were taken from four children (4 - 10 years) and four adults (35 - 51 years). Normal, uninjured full-thickness skin adjacent to the scar of each patient was used as control. Keratin 19 (K19) was used as the marker for epidermal stem cells and secretory portion of the sweat glands, and keratin 14 (K14) for the tube portion, respectively. Immunohistochemical and histological evaluations were performed. RESULTS: Histological and immunohistochemical staining of skin tissue sections from both the children and adults showed K19 positive cells in the basement membrane of epidermis of normal skin. These cells were seen only single layer and arranged regularly. The secretory or duct portion of the eccrine sweat glands was situated in the dermis and epidermal layer. However, in the scar tissue, K19 positive cells were scant in the basal layer, and the anatomic location of the secretory portion of sweat glands changed. They were located between the border of the scar and reticular layer of the dermis. These secretory portions of sweat glands were expanded and were organized irregularly. But a few K14 positive cells were scattered in the scar tissues in cyclic form. CONCLUSIONS: There are some residual sweat glands in scar tissues, in which the regeneration process of active sweat glands is present. Possibly the sweat glands could regenerate from adult epidermal stem cells or residual sweat glands in the wound bed after burn injury.

Adult↗
PubMed2025

Impact of L-citrulline on meat production and quality: A study on its effects on meat attributes and nutritional composition.

BACKGROUND: Amino acids are fundamental in sustaining physiological homeostasis during stress conditions. l-citrulline (l-Cit), a non-essential amino acid (NEAA) and metabolic precursor of arginine, has been reported to exert beneficial effects on the health and performance of broiler chickens. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with varying inclusion levels of l-Cit on growth performance, meat quality, plasma biochemical indices, and thermoregulatory responses in broiler chickens. METHODS: A total of 120 one-day-old chickens of the Lohman meat (Indian River) strain were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments, and each treatment included 30 birds in 3 replicates each. A 7-day feeding trial was conducted, beginning at 21 days of age. The control group (T0) was fed only a basal diet, while l-Cit was administered through the drinking water at concentrations of 0.5 % (T1), 0.75 % (T2), and 1.0 % (T3) to the respective treatment groups, in addition to the basal diet. RESULTS: Dietary inclusion of l-Cit significantly affected broiler performance and physiology. The T2 group demonstrated the highest body weight gain and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with T0, T1, and T3 (p < 0.05). Organ development was increased in T2, with significant increases in bursa, heart, and liver indices, alongside reduced abdominal fat (p < 0.05). Meat quality improved through reduced drip loss and elevated muscle pH, particularly in T2. Plasma biochemical analysis showed lower cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in all l-Cit groups, with optimal in T2 (p < 0.05), while HDL and uric acid remained unaffected. Moreover, rectal temperature decreased significantly across l-Cit groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Overall, this study suggests that a diet supplemented with 0.75 % l-Cit (T2), which could be a promising amino acid without affecting meat quality or consumer preferences, may improve growth performance, meat quality, the lipid profile (blood plasma), and thermoregulation in broilers.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Sampling of arterialized heated-hand venous blood as a noninvasive technique for the study of ketone body kinetics in man.

To determine if sampling of arterialized-hand venous (HV) blood is a suitable alternative for arterial (A) blood to study ketone body metabolism, concentrations of unlabeled and labeled ketone bodies were measured during continuous infusion of 3-14C-acetoacetate in simultaneously drawn samples from A and HV blood in normal subjects. The mean difference of acetoacetate between A and HV blood was in the basal state 1.5% and that of beta-hydroxybutyrate 6% (n.s.). Similarly, the 14C-content of ketone bodies and their calculated rates of production of metabolic clearance were not significantly different between A and HV blood. Following induction of ketosis by acetoacetate loading infusions, the difference of concentrations and 14C-content of total ketone bodies between HV and A blood remained insignificant (average 3%), and ketone body kinetics calculated from A and HV blood were similar. Furthermore, concentrations of glucose, lactate and pCO2 did nit differ significantly between the two sampling sites. In contrast, concentrations of ketone bodies, glucose and pO2 were significantly lower, and the metabolic clearance rate of ketone bodies and pCO2 higher in antecubital venous blood compared to heated-hand venous blood. Thus, the similarity of heated-hand venous and arterial blood suggests that the noninvasive technique is suited for kinetic analyses using tracer methods and for arteriovenous balance studies of ketone bodies.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1986

High levels of energy expenditure in obese women.

Total free living energy expenditure was compared in lean and obese women by the new doubly labelled water method and partitioned into basal metabolism and thermogenesis plus activity by whole body calorimetry. Average energy expenditure was significantly higher in the obese group (10.22 versus 7.99 MJ/day (2445 versus 1911 kcal/day); p less than 0.001) resulting from an increase in the energy cost of both basal metabolism and physical activity. Self recorded energy intakes were accurate in the lean subjects but underestimated expenditure by 3.5 MJ/day (837 kcal/day) in the obese group. Basal metabolic rate and energy expenditure on thermogenesis plus activity were identical in the two groups when corrected for differences in fat free mass and total body mass. In the obese women in this series there was no evidence that their obesity was caused by a metabolic or behavioural defect resulting in reduced energy expenditure.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

C-peptide improves autonomic nerve function in IDDM patients.

In order to determine the possible influence of C-peptide on nerve function, 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with symptoms of diabetic polyneuropathy were studied twice under euglycaemic conditions. Tests of autonomic nerve function (respiratory heart rate variability, acceleration and brake index during tilting), quantitative sensory threshold determinations, nerve conduction studies and clinical neurological examination were carried out before and during a 3-h i.v. infusion of either C-peptide (6 pmol.kg-1.min-1) or physiological saline solution in a double-blind study. Plasma C-peptide concentrations increased from 0.11 +/- 0.02 to 1.73 +/- 0.04 nmol/l during C-peptide infusion. Clinical neurological examination quantitative sensory threshold evaluations and nerve conduction measurements failed to detect significant changes between C-peptide and saline study periods. Respiratory heart rate variability increased significantly from 13 +/- 1 to 20 +/- 2% during C-peptide infusion (p < 0.001), reaching normal values in five of the subjects; control studies with saline infusion did not alter the heart rate variability (basal, 14 +/- 2; saline, 15 +/- 2%). A reduced brake index value was found in seven patients and increased significantly during the C-peptide infusion period (4.6 +/- 1.0 to 10.3 +/- 2.2%, p < 0.05) but not during saline infusion (5.9 +/- 2 to 4.1 +/- 1.1%, NS). It is concluded that short-term (3-h) infusion of C-peptide in physiological amounts may improve autonomic nerve function in patients with IDDM.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Control of brain temperature during experimental global ischemia in rats.

Temperature control during experimental ischemia continues to be of major interest. However, if exposure of brain tissue is necessary during the experiment, regional heat loss may occur even when the core temperature is maintained. Furthermore, valid non-invasive brain temperature monitoring is difficult in small rodents. This paper describes a method for both monitoring and maintenance of brain temperature during small animal preparations in a stereotaxic frame. The device used includes an ear-bar thermocouple probe and a small near-infrared radiator. The new equipment permitted to maintain peri-ischemic brain temperature at a desired level while carrying out non-invasive continuous recordings of cerebral blood flow (laser Doppler-flowmetry) and of electrical brain function (EEG). In contrast, without extracranial heat application, superficial and basal brain temperatures decreased during global cerebral ischemia by 4.1 +/- 0.1 and 4.6 +/- 0.4 degrees C (mean +/- SEM), respectively, returning to baseline values at 15-30 min of reperfusion while rectal (core) temperature remained stable at baseline values. The ear-bar thermocouple probe (tympanic membrane) reliably reflected basal brain temperature, and temperature in superficial brain areas correlated well with that in the temporal muscle. Our data show that the new system allows to exclude unwanted hypothermic neuroprotection, and does not interfere with optical and electrical measurement techniques.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computerized digital thermometry in Raynaud's disease. Personal experience].

BACKGROUND: Computerized digital thermometry has been used for instrumental diagnosis of Raynaud's disease, that is characterized by diminution of the cutaneous temperature of the fingers and the late delayed recovery. Thermometry permits to measure basal temperature of the ten fingers, during cooling to 10 degrees C ("cold test") and the response, measuring temperature minute by minute up to 25 degrees. METHODS: In order to assess vasospastic ischemic disease a total of 66 subjects have been examined: 19 were asymptomatic for acrolocalised pathologies (control subjects) and 47 were symptomatic. RESULTS: No close correlation was observed between clinic and instrumental data. In fact 31.5% of the asymptomatic subjects had a "non-normal" reaction to the test; on the other hand, in the group of female over-50-years-old with symptoms suggesting Raynaud's disease, 38.5% of cases revealed "normal" instrumental patterns. Therefore no discriminating parameters were identified which might have allowed the instrumental identification of subjects suffering from Raynaud's disease compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, computerised digital thermometry is a technique with a good level of sensitivity, while the specificity is scarce.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Patterns of lineage diversification in the genus Naso (Acanthuridae).

The evolutionary history of the reef fish genus Naso (F. Acanthuridae) was examined using a complete species-level molecular phylogeny of all recognized (19) species based on three loci (one nuclear ETS2 and two mitochondrial 16S, cyt b). This study demonstrates that distinct foraging modes and specialized body shapes arose independently at different times in the evolutionary history of the genus. Members of the subgenus Axinurus, characterized by a scombriform morphology, caudal fin structure and pelagic foraging mode, were consistently placed basal to the remaining Naso species, suggesting that pelagic foraging is plesiomorphic and benthic foraging derived in this genus. We used a genus-level phylogeny (nuclear marker, ETS2), which included several taxa from all other acanthurid genera, to obtain a range of age estimates for the most recent common ancestor of the genus Naso. These age estimates (range of 52-43.3 MY) were then used to estimate divergence times (by nonparametric rate smoothing method) of the node giving rise to extant Naso species using the combined sequence data (from all loci). The reconstruction of the pattern of divergence of extant species indicates two sequences of events. The basal species characterized by pelagic foraging modes arose during the Eocene and Oligocene. Most of the remaining Naso species, including those characterized by benthic foraging, arose over a period of 20 MY during the Miocene. Diversification during this period was associated with major plate tectonic and glaciation events, resulting in changes in sea level, ocean temperature and productivity regimes. Regardless of the foraging mode exhibited, all species of Naso have a caudal propulsive unit similar to that observed in pelagic scombriform fishes, a legacy of the basal position of the subgenus Axinurus in the phylogeny of the genus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of habitat and altitude on oxygen uptake in sub-Antarctic weevils.

Whole-organism oxygen uptake rate and its temperature sensitivity (determined using regression analyses and estimates of Q10) were examined in six closely related weevil species (Palirhoeus eatoni, Bothrometopus randi, Bothrometopus elongatus, Bothrometopus parvulus, Ectemnorhinus similis, and Ectemnorhinus marioni) from sub-Antarctic Marion Island over a short time period and using the same methods. Bothrometopus elongatus, B. parvulus, and the two Ectemnorhinus species have populations at both high and low elevations, and pairwise comparisons of these species were made. Regressions of the log of oxygen uptake rate on temperature and Q10 values revealed that the Ectemnorhinus species have a significantly greater thermal sensitivity than do species in the genera Bothrometopus and Palirhoeus. This may be considered an adaptation of the former to their moist lowland habitats and the requirements of angiosperm-feeding in E. similis. It is argued that elevated oxygen uptake rates and reduced slopes of the regression of the log of oxygen uptake rate on temperature in species and populations from high altitudes compared with those from low elevations provide evidence for metabolic cold adaptation. In addition, it seems likely that elevated oxygen uptake rates and their reduced thermal sensitivity within the genera Bothrometopus and Palirhoeus are an adaptation to the cold Neogene environments they evolved in. However, because data on the more basal taxa in the Ectemnorhinus group of weevils are not available, this temperature compensation could not be attributed conclusively to adaptation. Q10's of the lowland populations of all the species were negatively correlated with body water content, and it is suggested that the low temperature sensitivity of metabolism in P. eatoni and the Bothrometopus species may also be due to constraints imposed on them by their dry habitats.

Altitude↗
PubMed1994

[Computerized digital thermometry in acrosyndromes. Personal experience].

A diminution of the cutaneous temperature of the fingers and the latter's delayed recovery are constant features in the symptomatological triad of Raynaud's disease (RD). Thermometry is a method which can provide an objective evaluation of this phenomenon. The authors aimed to verify the value of thermometry using a computerised digital thermometer to measure basal temperature, that during cooling to 10 C, and the response. A computerised system with an AVTR interface was utilized using different probes for the 10 fingers and measuring temperature minute by minute up to 25 degrees. A total of 51 subjects were examined: 19 were asymptomatic for acrolocalised pathologies and 32 were symptomatic. No close correlation was observed between clinical and instrumental data. In fact 31.5% of the asymptomatic subjects had a "non-normal" reaction to the test; on the other hand, in the group of female over-50-years-old with symptoms suggesting RD, 44.4% of cases revealed normal instrumental patterns. Therefore no discriminating parameters were identified which might have allowed the instrumental identification of subjects suffering from RD compared to healthy individuals: there was a good level of sensitivity but scarce specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Effects of 6-N-propyl-2-thiouracil on growth, hormonal profiles, carcass and reproductive traits of boars.

Neonatal 6-N-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism reduces body weight but increases testicular size in adult male rodents. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of prepubertal PTU treatment on boars. For Experiment I, boars (n = 28) were randomly allotted to eight pens. Each pen received one of four PTU doses (0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.1% in a basal diet) between 28 and 56 days of age (DOA). Due to a lack of difference among three PTU treatments, PTU-treated boars were pooled. Boars treated with PTU had lower (P < 0.05) ADG during treatment, lighter (P < 0.05) BW after 56 DOA and less (P < 0.05) developed epididymides at 154 DOA. For Experiment II, boars (n = 19) were randomly allotted to six pens. Each pen received one of three PTU treatments orally as: control (carrier), PTU-I (0.002% BW of PTU daily between 7 and 70 DOA), or PTU-II (0.002% BW of PTU daily between 28 and 91 DOA). During treatment, PTU-treated boars had lower (P < 0.05) serum T4 levels, rectal temperature, feed intake and ADG. Boars treated with PTU had lower (P < 0.05) BW between 63 and 154 DOA but higher (P < 0.05) gain/feed between 105 and 133 DOA. Boars treated with PTU had less (P < 0.05) developed epididymides and sperm count per gram testis at 238 DOA. These results suggest that prepubertal PTU-induced hypothyroidism had significant effects on growth, hormonal profiles, and reproductive traits of boars; however, it does not appear to be an effective method for increasing testis size and sperm production of commercial boars.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Thermoregulation in the only nocturnal simian: the night monkey Aotus trivirgatus.

The night monkey, a tropical monkey, is the only nocturnal simian; its thermoregulation was studied for comparison with other nocturnal or diurnal primates and other tropical mammals. Resting metabolic rate was 2.6 W (closed-circuit method) and 2.8 W (open-circuit method), 24 and 18% below the value predicted from body mass. The thermoneutral zone was very narrow; the lower critical temperature (LCT) was 28 degrees C and the upper critical temperature (UCT) was 30 degrees C. The body temperature (Tb) was at its minimum (38 degrees C) at an ambient temperature (Ta) of 25 degrees C, thus below the LCT. At low Ta, the increase in metabolic rate (MR) was smaller than predicted by the Scholander model, since MR intersected to a Ta 13 degrees C above Tb when extrapolated to MR = 0; this was attributed to a decrease of body surface area by behavior. The thermal conductance at the LCT was low: 2.3 W . m-2 . degrees C-1. Above the UCT, panting was the major avenue of heat loss. The response pattern of nocturnal habits, low resting metabolic rate, low thermal conductance, and panting in the night monkey, unique among simians, is found in many other mammals of tropical and hot desert habitats; it may be considered as an alternative adaptation to the thermal environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of prostaglandin E1 in collagen disease patients with inflammatory skin ulcer.

UNLABELLED: Clinical, physiological and biochemical studies of PGE1 were done in a series of collagen disease patients with skin ulcer, in a foot varix patient with skin ulcer as a non-inflammatory skin ulcer control, and in two diabetics without skin ulcer as no skin ulcer controls. Intravenous infusions of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) were given continuously at the dose of 1 ng/kg/min for 72 hours. Blood samples were collected from the cubital vein, before, during, immediately after and at seven days after PGE1 therapy. Platelet aggregations were studied by light transmittance (PRP: modified by Born's method; whole blood: modified by Tohjima's method). Platelet iPGE (immunoreactive PGE-like material) levels were assayed by radio-immunoassay. Essential fatty acid compositions of plasma, platelet and red cells, were analysed by gas chromatography. Results were as follows: (1) in all cases, complete healing of skin ulcers was observed; (2) In most cases, skin temperature increased during PGE1 treatment; (3) Platelet aggregation was higher during PGE1 treatment than before and was higher in PRP than in whole blood during PGE1 treatment; (4) The platelet basal iPGE levels were significantly decreased by PGE1 (P less than 0.025); (5) The plasma and platelet linoleic acid levels were significantly higher than before PGE1 treatment (plasma: P less than 0.05, platelets: P less than 0.025); (6) Thrombocytosis of one case of MRA was healed by the second PGE1 treatment. CONCLUSION: The inflammatory skin ulcers in collagen diseases were healed completely by continuous intravenous infusion of PGE1. This effect might be brought about by the suppression of PG metabolism, especially in platelets.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The effect of blood sampling method on indicators of physiological stress in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus).

The effects of manual blood sampling and remote blood sampling using automatic blood sampling equipment (ABSE) on plasma cortisol and catecholamine concentrations were studied on eight adult female reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Contemporary body temperatures and heart rates were also recorded to determine their utility as other possible stress indicators. The animals were blood sampled once every hour with ABSE on 9-10 May and then by manual blood sampling on 13-14 May. Animals were also fitted with equipment to record heart rate and body temperature. Heart rate and body temperature were also recorded continuously without blood sampling on 17-18 May in undisturbed control conditions. Plasma cortisol concentrations were five-to-six fold greater during manual blood sampling compared to sampling with ABSE (F(1,3) = 13.34, P < 0.05). Plasma noradrenaline concentrations were significantly higher (F(1,3) = 22.98, P < 0.05) during manual blood sampling compared to sampling with ABSE, whereas plasma adrenaline concentrations did not differ. Heart rate was higher during manual blood sampling compared to control values. Body temperature was significantly higher during manual sampling compared to values recorded without blood sampling (F(1,4)= 31.65, P < 0.01). In conclusion, plasma cortisol concentration provides an excellent indicator of handling stress in reindeer. The use of ABSE for blood sampling enables measurements of plasma cortisol levels close to basal concentrations that may be used for reference values in studies where indicators of physiological stress are required.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A case of glucocorticoid-responsive hyperaldosteronism: follow-up study for 21 years--comparison with cases of 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency in Japan].

A study of the pathophysiology in our previously reported case of glucocorticoid-responsive hyperaldosteronism (Case E.H., 17 yrs old, female; JCEM, 28: 1807, 1968), who had undergone a long-term successful treatment for 21 yrs of daily 0.5 mg dexamethasone (Dex), suggested again that the patient had 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (17-OH-D) in the adrenal with minimum enzyme deficiency in the ovary. When Case E.H. was injected with zinc-ACTH for 3 days with daily 0.5 mg Dex administration, plasma levels of 17-deoxy-steroids were moderately or dramatically increased, but those of 17 alpha-hydroxy-steroids (17-OH-steroids) responded poorly or not at all. Plasma level of estradiol and urine estrogens were found to be normal in repeated measurements. Plasma basal levels of LH and FSH were normal, and their responses to LH-RH were high normal or slightly exaggerated. Her menstruation was almost regular, and the basal body temperature was at least biphasic with daily 0.5 mg Dex treatment. However, she did not become pregnant during the 17 yrs of her married life. Then, we surveyed 31 Japanese cases of 17-OH-D with suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA) to ascertain whether similar patients to our case, 17-OH-D with suppressed PRA and with hyperaldosteronism, has been reported or not. In this survey work, 9 such cases were found to have high plasma aldosterone (Ald) concentration (PAC) (group I). The other 21 cases had normal or low normal PAC, and the one remaining case had low urine Ald (group II). 17-Deoxy-steroids such as corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone and progesterone, which were elevated in this disorder, were added to control plasma, and PAC was measured with Dainabot's "ALDOSTERONE.RIAKIT" used for the measurement of PAC in all group I patients. With the total of large amounts of 600 ng of these 17-deoxy-steroids (200 ng for each), however, the incremental PAC value was much less than the lowest PAC value in patients of group I. PAC of one group I patient was measured directly by "ALDOSTERONE.RIAKIT" and also by RIA after extraction and purification procedure using LH-20 column chromatography. The PAC values obtained by both methods were high and the same (285 pg/ml). In 5 out of 22 group II patients, PAC was also measured with the same RIA kit "ALDOSTERONE.RIAKIT" mentioned above, and yet it was low or low normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ACTH 1-17 effects in psychogenic impotence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of repeated administrations of ACTH 1-17 (Syncrodyn 1-17) on sexual and endocrine function in men with psychogenic impotence. Twenty adult impotent men from 21 to 48 years volunteered for this study; organic causes of erectile impotence were excluded in each subject. Ten subjects were treated with ACTH 1-17 (100 micrograms i.m. daily for 15 days during 6 consecutive months), whereas saline was injected in the control group (10 subjects) following the same protocol. Clinical and endocrine evaluation were performed before and at the end of treatment. Serum levels of LH, FSH, PRL, testosterone (T) and cortisol were measured by RIA methods. To investigate diurnal rhythms of T and cortisol, blood samples were taken at 0800 and at 1800. In ACTH 1-17-treated men a significant improvement in sexual function was shown when compared with the control group (p less than 0.05); moreover, both anxiety and fatigability were lowered by ACTH 1-17 administration. ACTH 1-17 did not affect basal levels of LH, FSH, PRL, T and cortisol, whereas the diurnal variation of T, which was absent before treatment in both treated and control group, was restored. No changes in clinical and endocrine parameters were shown after placebo injections. Our data emphasize that the chronopharmacological action of ACTH 1-17 may positively affect sexual function and circadian T rhythmicity in men with psychogenic impotence.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗