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PubMed1990

Hearing disability in people aged 50-65: effectiveness and acceptability of rehabilitative intervention.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the best means of detecting hearing disability in subjects aged 50-65 and whether rehabilitative intervention is acceptable in this age group. DESIGN: Questionnaire survey of patients on general practice age-sex registers. Two types of questionnaire were used, one being based on the closed set approach of the Institute of Hearing Research questionnaire, which had been used in a pilot study, and the other being a simplified version of this questionnaire developed by the Welsh Hearing Institute and based on open set questions. Questionnaires were sent up to three times, and any patients who had not responded two months after the last posting were personally contacted. SETTING: Two general practices in Glyncorrwg and Blaengwynfi in the Afan valley, West Glamorgan. PATIENTS: 271 Patients in Glyncorrwg (136 men, 135 women) and 333 patients in Blaengwynfi (173 men, 160 women) aged 50-65. INTERVENTIONS: All patients indicating hearing disability in answering the questionnaires were invited to attend for a evaluative session in their village. After audiometric testing advice and arrangements for fitting a hearing aid were offered as appropriate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Response rates and prevalence of hearing disability before intervention and of possession of hearing aids before and after intervention. RESULTS: After three postings and personal contact the response rate was 98% (266/271) in Glyncorrwg, where the complex questionnaire was used, and 97% (322/333) in Blaengwynfi. The prevalence of hearing disability was respectively 53% (141/266) and 46% (148/322) and the prevalence of owning a hearing aid 7% (19/266) and 8% (24/322). After intervention the possession of hearing aids rose to 24% (64/266) in Glyncorrwg and 22% (71/322) in Blaengwynfi; six months later the aids were being used regularly. A direct comparison of the two questionnaires in 69 subjects from Blaengwynfi showed no significant differences in the amount of disability detected by each one. The first posting of questionnaires detected 65% (189/289) of the hearing disability in the two villages or 78% (72/92) of those prepared to accept hearing aids for the first time; 96% (88/92) of those who accepted hearing aids were detected by two postings. CONCLUSIONS: Simple questionnaires are effective in detecting hearing disabilities in people aged 50-65, and intervention was acceptable in many of those who reported having difficulties in hearing. The response rates from successive postings suggest that two postings are sufficient in terms of the return in detecting those who will accept intervention.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Acceptability of clinics for sexually transmitted diseases among users of the "gay scene" in the West Midlands.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the acceptability of genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics (for STDs) to homosexual and bisexual men. DESIGN: A cross sectional survey of men using "gay" venues and groups in the West Midlands region of the UK. Data were collected using an anonymous self-completed questionnaire. RESULTS: 848 completed questionnaires were returned. Two thirds of the respondents reported "safer" sexual behaviour. Those who had ever attended a GUM clinic (55%) differed little in their safer sexual behaviour from those who had never attended. The acceptability of the service was assessed using a range of indicators: the majority of the attendees had told a doctor, nurse or health adviser they have sex with men; and just over half had found all staff to be friendly, helpful or not homophobic. A quarter of attendees found talking about sexual matters difficult; these were less likely to have found the service acceptable. Over half (54%) of the study respondents had not been vaccinated against hepatitis B. Those who had been vaccinated were more likely: to have found the service acceptable; to have found talking about sexual matters easy; and to report safer sexual behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that many homosexual and bisexual men who may need to use the GUM service have not done so. There is a need to improve the acceptability of the service and to further promote hepatitis B vaccination.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Use of a leaflet to replace verbal pretest discussion for HIV: effects and acceptability.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of using a leaflet to replace formal verbal pretest discussion and assess its acceptability to patients. SETTING AND METHODS: A leaflet was developed which gave information on all routine tests undertaken at a genitourinary medicine clinic. Information normally given during verbal pretest discussion for HIV was included. The leaflet was given to all new attenders at routine STI clinics. The proportion of patients accepting tests in the 6 weeks before and 4 weeks after the introduction of the leaflet was elicited by case note review. The acceptability of the leaflet was determined by means of a questionnaire given to patients. RESULTS: The use of the leaflet increased the number of patients offered an HIV test from 654 of 1004 (65%) patients to 371 of 397 (94%), p<0.001. It also increased the number tested from 325 (32%) of 1004 patients to 210 of 397 (53%, p<0.001). Men were more likely to be offered an HIV test than women at baseline (342 of 500 men, 68%, v 312 of 504 women, 62%, p=0.036) but after the intervention there was no longer a difference (men 217, 93%, female 154, 94%). The number of men accepting a test increased more than the number of women (139 of 233 men, 60%, 71 of 164 women, 43%, p <0.005). The 79 questionnaires suitable for analysis showed patient views on the leaflet were mainly favourable: easy to understand 73 (92%), clear 70 (89%), absence of difficult words 73 (91%), and right balance of information 68 (86%). CONCLUSIONS: The routine use of a leaflet to replace verbal pretest discussion (PTD) increased the proportion of patients undergoing testing. Part of the increased testing was because physicians were more likely to offer the test, possibly because the time constraints of pretest discussion were removed. This appears to be an acceptable and effective way of increasing HIV testing in GUM clinics but further work is needed to elicit information on non-responders to the questionnaire.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Do patients with chronic noncancer pain accept treatment of questionable benefit more readily than those who are pain free?

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of some common, questionable chronic pain interventions has been debated and it is unclear why sufferers of chronic noncancer pain agree to receive them. This study attempts to determine if chronic pain sufferers characteristically more readily accept treatment with questionable benefit. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare the strength of acceptance or rejection of a hypothetical, mock chronic pain treatment of debatable value by two groups of patients: those reporting chronic noncancer pain and those who are "pain free". METHODS: A questionnaire proposing a hypothetical treatment for chronic pain was distributed to two groups: Group 1 (n=160), patients attending a chronic pain centre, and Group 2 (n=240), patients attending a family practice centre. Patients were asked to score their "treatment acceptance" using a modified Likert scale. The treatment was based on the risks and benefits of epidural steroids. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients in Group 1 were eligible for inclusion in the "chronic pain" group and 92 patients from Group 2, for the "pain free" group. The median scores were identical at +3; nonparametric testing revealed no significant difference between the groups in their acceptance of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: An analogue study such as this removes the potential bias of clinical interaction with a physician, but lacks some reality. Nonetheless, the results from this study did not support the hypothesis that patients with chronic noncancer pain accept treatment of questionable benefit more readily than those who are "pain free".

Analgesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1999

Patient's acceptance of outpatient hysteroscopy.

There is a trend towards performing hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy on an outpatient basis, as this alleviates the need for both an inpatient stay and a general anesthesia. Despite the wide acceptance by medical staff, there are few publications on how patients actually tolerate and accept these procedures. We performed a survey on 185 patients attending the outpatient hysteroscopy clinic at a teaching hospital to assess the degree of pain and their acceptance to those procedures using a visual analogue scale. All procedures were successfully performed under no anesthesia without complications. The mean age of the patients was 48 (range 24-78) and 9.4% were nulliparas. The mean pain experienced was 4.7 (SD 2.7) during hysteroscopy and 5.0 (SD 2.9) during endometrial biopsy. The overall preference scores for the procedure to be done under was 3.1 (SD 3.7). About 7% of patients expressed a preference for an overnight stay in hospital after the procedure, but the preference score was low (2.5, SD 3.6). The procedure was well accepted (8.3, SD 2.4) and highly recommended by the patients (8.4, SD 2.9). Outpatient hysteroscopy is well accepted and tolerated by patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Implementation and acceptance of outreach telephone counseling for smoking cessation with nonvolunteer smokers.

Brief supportive telephone counseling is a promising adjunct to self-help smoking cessation programs. This article reports rates of participation, predictors of participation, and content of telephone counseling calls with nonvolunteer smokers who were identified through health surveys administered to a random sample of enrollees in a health maintenance organization. Eighty-six percent of smokers accepted at least one of three counselor calls; 66% accepted all three calls. Baseline characteristics associated with acceptance of calls included being female and greater average length of time to the first cigarette of the day. Acceptance did not differ significantly by stage of cessation. First calls with smokers who accepted all three calls were longer and were more likely to be with smokers who were willing to take a specific next action step. Overall, 12% of the sample reported having quit smoking by the third counseling call, with the highest quit rate (23%) among smokers who, at baseline, were planning to quit in the next month. Implications for large-scale interventions with smokers in health care and other organizations are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Acceptability of home monitoring as an aid to conception.

This paper considers the concept of consumer acceptance of medical products and its importance to successful healthcare provision. The critical dimensions ('domains') of acceptance for a product designed to assist family planning, and the importance of using high-quality psychometric scales to assess these domains, are discussed. Qualitative and quantitative data from acceptance studies with a personal contraceptive monitor, PERSONA, are presented. These data indicate that the monitor is user-friendly and acceptable to couples, and underline the importance of user acceptability for home monitors designed to assist family planning--including those used for conception purposes.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of patients refusing with patients accepting unlinked anonymous HIV testing in an outpatient STD department in The Netherlands.

From 1 February 1993 to 1 February 1994 all new patients, known patients with new problems, and prostitutes attending the Outpatient Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) of the University Hospital Rotterdam were asked to participate in unlinked anonymous human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and to answer some questions. Data from the medical records of 300 patients refusing to participate were compared with self-reported data obtained from 2701 people accepting, to verify if the HIV seroprevalence among accepters could be representative for all STD department visitors. Men refusing were more often of foreign origin, had more often had more than one partner during the previous 6 months, more often attended the STD department for the first time, and more often had an STD diagnosed than men accepting. Women refusing were more often of foreign origin, had less often had more than one partner during the previous 6 months, and had more often used drugs intravenously than women accepting. Because most findings associated with refusing are also associated with being infected with HIV, the HIV seroprevalence among refusers is likely to be higher than among accepters. We therefore advise unlinked anonymous HIV testing of all patients visiting an STD department.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The influence of reference price on the acceptance of new healthcare services among the elderly.

Reference price has been postulated in the consumer behavior literature to be an important determinant of new product acceptance in the marketplace. This study was undertaken to assess the influence of reference price on the acceptance of new healthcare transportation services among the elderly. Over five hundred elderly, chosen at random, were studied in a major metropolitan area. The proposed new healthcare transportation services were: a shuttle service (from the hospital to a satellite healthcare center) and an escort service (from the hospital to the patient's home). The results show that reference price is the main influence on the acceptance of the shuttle service superseding the effects of the traditional demographic variables of gender and marital status. However, reference price was not found to be an influence on the acceptance of the escort service. It appears that the use of reference price as a guide in the acceptance of a new product is not universal but rather contingent on the product being offered.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Acceptability of HIV/AIDS counseling and testing among premarital couples in China.

Premarital counseling is required for couples wishing to be married in China. The counseling primarily provides information about contraception. We evaluated adding premarital HIV/AIDS counseling and voluntary HIV testing to the standard counseling. The test was offered free to one group and at the standard cost to the other. The proportion of those accepting HIV testing among all participants receiving premarital counseling was used as a measure of acceptability. Sixteen percent of participants not charged chose to accept testing versus 1.4% of those charged ( p < .001). Lack of HIV/AIDS knowledge and charging for the test were correlated with refusal. Over 5% of participants admitted to premarital sex, most with their fianceé, and a significantly higher portion was female. Only 22% used condoms. Study participants were randomized for 1-year follow-up. Only four participants reported extramarital sexual activity during that year. Acceptance of HIV testing was disappointingly low. Implementing strategies to reduce stigmatization and increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS, in addition to not charging for testing, may increase the acceptance of HIV testing.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed2004

Acceptability of a microbicide among women and their partners in a 4-country phase I trial.

OBJECTIVES: We analyzed qualitative and quantitative data for 98 HIV-negative, low-risk women in Malawi, Zimbabwe, India, and Thailand who participated in a safety and acceptability study of BufferGel, a vaginal microbicide to determine the across-country acceptability of vaginal microbicides among women and their partners. METHODS: Quantitative survey data were collected at 7 and 14 days after use among enrolled women, and exit interviews were conducted with women and their partners in separate focus group discussions. RESULTS: Acceptability was high in all sites (73% of women approved of the microbicide). Women in Africa, where HIV infection rates are highest, were virtually unanimous in their desire for such a product, suggesting that an individual's perception of being at risk for HIV will outweigh concerns about side effects, problems applying a product, or other factors, when products are shown to be efficacious. But men and women reported that use, which was kept secret from an intimate partner, would be difficult and might "break the trust" of a relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Acceptability research across diverse settings through all stages of microbicide research, development, and post-licensure dissemination can help maximize acceptability and use.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2026

The Impact of Chatbot Type and Normative Messaging on Chatbot Usage Intention Based on the Health Technology Acceptance Model: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Digital health tools, such as health chatbots, may improve access to scalable health support, but adoption remains inconsistent. Existing models do not fully integrate technology acceptance factors with health motivation factors relevant to digital health use. OBJECTIVE: This study proposed and tested the health technology acceptance model and examined whether normative message framing and chatbot type were associated with health motivation, technology acceptance, and intention to use a health chatbot. METHODS: In October 2025, we conducted a 4 &#xd7; 2 between-participants online experiment with 1000 US adults recruited from a nationally representative YouGov panel. Participants were randomized to 1 of 8 conditions varying norm message type (self-oriented, peer-oriented, expert-oriented, or family-oriented) and chatbot type (AI-powered or rule-based) in a cancer prevention and genetic risk information scenario. Outcomes included descriptive norms, injunctive norms, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, trust, privacy concerns, and usage intention. Data were analyzed using a multivariate ANOVA with Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc tests and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Peer-oriented and family-oriented messages produced higher usage intention than expert-oriented messages, and peer-oriented messages also increased descriptive norms, injunctive norms, self-efficacy, and trust. AI-powered chatbots were associated with higher usage intention (P=.02) and greater trust (P=.008) than rule-based chatbots. In regression analyses, the model explained 50.8% of the variance in usage intention. Usage intention was positively associated with descriptive norms (&#x3b2;=0.087; P=.003), injunctive norms (&#x3b2;=0.078; P=.009), perceived susceptibility (&#x3b2;=0.051; P=.03), perceived benefits (&#x3b2;=0.253; P<.001), and trust (&#x3b2;=0.33; P<.001), and negatively associated with perceived severity (&#x3b2;=-0.047; P=.049) and privacy concerns (&#x3b2;=-0.11; P<.001). Perceived ease of use and self-efficacy were not significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: The health technology acceptance model was a useful framework for explaining the intention to use a health chatbot by combining technology acceptance and health motivation constructs. Both social design features and chatbot design features shaped adoption-related beliefs, with peer-oriented and family-oriented framing and AI-powered chatbots showing particular promise. Trust and privacy concerns remained central determinants of intended use.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Identifying patients recovering from a recent myocardial infarction who require and accept psychological care.

Using Dutch adaptations of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State-Trait Anger Scale, Zung Depression Scale, and Life Orientation Test, we attempted to identify which patients recovering in the hospital from acute myocardial infarctions required and would accept psychological care. Of 63 patients who completed the relevant questionnaires, 9 required and accepted psychological care and 6 of these were correctly predicted by the criteria (sensitivity = .67). Of the 54 patients not classified as requiring and accepting psychological care, 49 were correctly predicted (specificity = .90; efficiency = .87). Noncompletion (n = 7) was positively associated with classification as requiring and accepting psychological care. An easy to administer brief questionnaire may help identify those patients with a recent myocardial infarction who, in the opinion of mental health care professionals, require and accept psychological care.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Sputum induction as a method of analyzing pulmonary cells: reproducibility and acceptability.

Sputum induction has been proposed as a noninvasive method of sampling airway cells for assessing airway inflammation in asthma. Although useful in the research setting, the applicability of this technique to a respiratory clinic, where it might prove useful for clinical management of anti-inflammatory therapy, has not been assessed. We therefore studied the effect of sputum induction in terms of patient acceptability, effect upon airway caliber, and reproducibility of the total cell and differential cell count at 2 weeks in 20 asthmatic subjects first attending an asthma clinic. We compared such patients with normal controls. Thirty-seven subjects underwent sputum induction on two occasions (20 asthmatics and 17 normal subjects) separated by a 2-week interval, using a standardized protocol. Acceptability was assessed by questionnaire. Airway caliber was measured by serial spirometry, using albuterol premedication for asthmatic subjects. Sputum was induced by inhalation of 3.5% saline over 12 min. Total cell and differential counts on induced sputum were assessed and correlated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, as well as reproducibility of the technique in the clinical setting. All subjects found the process acceptable, although mild side effects occurred in more than 90% of subjects. No differences in acceptability were found between asthmatic and normal subjects. Sputum induction was associated with a significant decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) in normal subjects (from 4.1 +/- 0.17 to 4.02 +/- 0.19 L [p < 0.01] on visit 1 and on visit 2 from 4.01 +/- 0.15 to 3.90 +/- 0.16 L [p < 0.01]), but not in asthmatic subjects after albuterol premedication. Total pulmonary cell yield on the first and second sputum induction days was 1.97 +/- 0.06 x 10(6) cells/mL of sputum and 2.01 +/- 0.05 x 10(6) cells/mL of sputum, respectively, giving a reliability coefficient of 0.77. Less agreement was seen between individual cell differential counts within subjects, but most fell within the expected range on Bland-Altman plots. Sputum induction appears to be safe and acceptable in both normal and asthmatic subjects. A small decrease in FEV1 occurs in normal subjects, which is prevented by albuterol premedication in asthmatics. Reproducibility at 2 weeks yielded similar total numbers of pulmonary cells, but in a clinic population some variability was seen in the number of inflammatory cells, probably because of the small numbers of these cells. This technique may be less valuable in a clinical than a research setting.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1999

Patient acceptance of outpatient treatment for inguinal hernia in Jos, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Patient acceptability constitutes an important component of outpatient treatment for hernias. It is essential that patients are properly selected so that only those who need admission are admitted and cared for with the limited available resources. It is also equally important that those who qualify for outpatient care are adequately informed that there is no added risk attributable to outpatient treatment and that they are free to accept or reject such treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the acceptability of day care treatment for inguinal hernia in our environment. DESIGN: Prospective cross sectional study. SETTING: Jos University Teaching Hospital. SUBJECTS: 121 selected patients were randomized to undergo elective inguinal hernia repair either as outpatients (61) or inpatients (60). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Six weeks after operation, an assessment of patients' opinion was made as to their preferred method. RESULTS: 52 of 61 day cases and 24 of 60 inpatients preferred outpatient treatment, while two daycare patients and 36 inpatients preferred hospital admission (p < 0.001). Altogether, acceptability rate for outpatient treatment was 68.6%. CONCLUSION: in carefully selected and adequately informed patients, outpatient elective inguinal hernia repair is readily acceptable.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Voluntary HIV testing in prison: do women inmates at high risk for HIV accept HIV testing?

This study examined the proportion of women inmates who accepted HIV testing and the sociodemographic, criminal, and HIV-related risk characteristics associated with accepting such testing in a state prison offering voluntary HIV testing. A consecutive sample of 805 women felons admitted to the North Carolina Correctional Institution for Women between July 1991 and November 1992 was interviewed. Of these inmates, 680 (84%) granted permission to access their medical records and had complete information on relevant characteristics. Seventy-one percent of the women inmates accepted HIV testing. In multivariate analysis, the exchange of sex for money or drugs and the conviction for a drug crime were significantly associated with accepting HIV testing. Injection drug use, drug-injecting sex partners, and a history of a sexually transmitted disease were not significantly associated with accepting HIV testing. A prison-based voluntary HIV testing program appears to be reaching a substantial proportion of women inmates potentially at risk for HIV, especially women inmates who exchanged sex for money or drugs.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1999

[The results of an active screening program for tuberculosis in immigrants from the Maghreb: acceptability and adherence].

OBJECTIVE: To assess acceptability and adherence to a tuberculosis screening programme (TSP) in Maghrebi immigrants (MI). DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. SETTING: Primary health care service. INDIVIDUALS: MI residing in a periurban health district. All people who attended clinic for consultation at a primary care center were systematically recommended to be screened for tuberculosis. INTERVENTION: Individuals accomplished a questionnaire in arabic (with interpreter assistance) and were subjected to tuberculosis infection/illness screening tests till they were assigned one of the definitive diagnostic classes of the American Thoracic Society. RESULTS: 219 individuals were offered the TSP (sex ratio 6.2:1). 166 individuals (76.1%) accepted the test and kept their first appointment: 147 males (78.2%) versus 19 females (63.3%); difference in acceptance by gender was not significant (chi 2 = 3.14; p = 0.07). Fourteen individuals did not complete the study (8.6%): one did not attend clinic for Mantoux reading, four did not have the chest X-ray, three did not present themselves on their Mantoux reading, nor did they have the chest X-ray and, six did not deliver sputum samples (11.1% of the required samples). Six cases of TB were diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: Given the special features of the MI (communication difficulties, illegal status, no fixed abode ...) acceptance and adherence to TSP are considered to be high. The diagnostic effectiveness, though considerable, was affected by the high number of individuals which did not deliver sputum samples. TSP directed to MI must have a specific design in order to facilitate acceptance and adherence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The acceptability of pneumococcal vaccine to older persons in Ireland.

A study was carried out to demonstrate in an Irish population whether older persons at risk from pneumococcal disease would accept an offer of the pneumococcal vaccine at the same time as their influenza vaccination. Of the 450 patients from 2 practices invited to attend for vaccination, 367 (81.6%) accepted both vaccines, a further 17 (3.8%) accepted the influenza vaccine only and a further 3 (0.7%) accepted the pneumococcal vaccine only. Three hundred and seven (68.2%) patients had received influenza vaccine at some time in previous years and these were statistically more likely to accept either vaccine than those who had not. This study has demonstrated that older persons at risk from pneumococcal disease will respond positively to a written invitation from their GP to avail of the pneumococcal vaccine.

Aged↗