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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Integrating electronic information resources for NHS Glasgow staff at the point of need: a model of interlibrary collaboration and resource sharing.

The Glasgow NHS Libraries Consortium has harnessed the political imperative of collaboration and the capability of electronic information resources to address inequalities in access to the knowledge base across NHS Glasgow. They have negotiated consortium arrangements to an extensive range of electronic databases and journals which no single Glasgow NHS library could afford independently. A Project Officer was appointed to undertake the administration, technical work and promotion required to build a Web-based electronic library to deliver resources to all NHS Glasgow staff on an equitable basis. Close partnership with online content providers enabled the Project Officer to find solutions to problems caused by authentication systems and license restrictions. These efforts have culminated in the production of a fully integrated virtual library--the NHS Glasgow e-Library--delivering 11 major electronic databases, 440 full-text electronic journals, 48 electronic textbooks and over 5000 journal contents pages. The NHS Glasgow e-Library is without precedent within the NHS in terms of its wealth of resources, and it provides a model for Scotland-wide access to the knowledge base. The sustainability and transferability of the resource is dependent on a number of key areas-maintenance, user training, evaluation, IT infrastructure and ongoing collaboration and unification. Ongoing research will monitor how far the NHS Glasgow e-Library has strengthened the connection between research evidence and clinical practice.

Communication↗
PubMed2005

Poxvirus Bioinformatics Resource Center: a comprehensive Poxviridae informational and analytical resource.

The Poxvirus Bioinformatics Resource Center (PBRC) has been established to provide informational and analytical resources to the scientific community to aid research directed at providing a better understanding of the Poxviridae family of viruses. The PBRC was specifically established as the result of the concern that variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, as well as related viruses, might be utilized as biological weapons. In addition, the PBRC supports research on poxviruses that might be considered new and emerging infectious agents such as monkeypox virus. The PBRC consists of a relational database and web application that supports the data storage, annotation, analysis and information exchange goals of the project. The current release consists of over 35 complete genomic sequences of various genera, species and strains of viruses from the Poxviridae family. Sequence and annotation information for these viruses has been obtained from sequences publicly available from GenBank as well as sequences not yet deposited in GenBank that have been obtained from ongoing sequencing projects. In addition to sequence data, the PBRC provides comprehensive annotation and curation of virus genes; analytical tools to aid in the understanding of the available sequence data, including tools for the comparative analysis of different virus isolates; and visualization tools to help better display the results of various analyses. The PBRC represents the initial development of what will become a more comprehensive Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center for Biodefense that will be one of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases' 'Bioinformatics Resource Centers for Biodefense and Emerging or Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases'. The PBRC website is available at http://www.poxvirus.org.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed1991

A methodology for resource allocation in health care for South Africa. Part IV. Application of South African Health Resource Allocation formula.

The primary concern of this concluding article in a series is the application of the South African Health Resource Allocation (SAHRA) formula proposed in the previous article (SAMJ 1990; 77: 456-459). Target allocations based on this formula are compared with current budgets to estimate the extent of geographical maldistribution of health care resources. Under the present health service structure, the direction of redistribution of these resources should be from the provinces to 'homelands'. A number of refinements to the crude formula, such as the introduction of a more rational regionalisation policy and accounting for the teaching commitments of academic hospitals, are considered and their effects illustrated. Despite data deficiencies and the wide range of possible technical modifications to SAHRA, the concept of basing resource allocation decisions on an internationally applied formula is worthy of public debate.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed2001

Position of the American Dietetic Association: dietetics professionals can implement practices to conserve natural resources and protect the environment. (Previously titled "natural resource conservation and waste management").

It is the position of the American Dietetic Association to encourage environmentally responsible practices that conserve natural resources, minimize the quantity of waste that is generated, and have the least adverse affect on the health of all living organisms and the environment. All components of the food system, from farmer to consumer, are affected by the availability and cost of energy and the availability and quality of water. Outdoor and indoor air quality significantly impacts the health of all living organisms. Decisions that dietetics professionals make as practitioners and consumers can affect the quantity and type of solid waste generated. The demand for natural resources should be evaluated when selecting the most cost-effective, environmentally sensitive approach to the management of solid waste. Special precautions are needed when using and disposing of hazardous and medical waste to protect the safety of our clients and employees. This position paper provides information and resources for dietetics professionals for addressing the complexity of the environmental issue presented. Conservation strategies are identified that dietetics professionals can use in their worksites and at home. These conservation practices may reduce cost and decrease the environmental impact we have on our communities and the world.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed2003

Does resource availability, resource heterogeneity or species turnover mediate changes in plant species richness in grazed grasslands?

Grazing by large ungulates often increases plant species richness in grasslands of moderate to high productivity. In a mesic North American grassland with and without the presence of bison ( Bos bison), a native ungulate grazer, three non-exclusive hypotheses for increased plant species richness in grazed grasslands were evaluated: (1) bison grazing enhances levels of resource (light and N) availability, enabling species that depend on higher resource availability to co-occur; (2) spatial heterogeneity in resource availability is enhanced by bison, enabling coexistence of a greater number of plant species; (3) increased species turnover (i.e. increased species colonization and establishment) in grazed grassland is associated with enhanced plant species richness. We measured availability and spatial heterogeneity in light, water and N, and calculated species turnover from long-term data in grazed and ungrazed sites in a North American tallgrass prairie. Both regression and path analyses were performed to evaluate the potential of the three hypothesized mechanisms to explain observed patterns of plant species richness under field conditions. Experimental grazing by bison increased plant species richness by 25% over an 8-year period. Neither heterogeneity nor absolute levels of soil water or available N were related to patterns of species richness in grazed and ungrazed sites. However, high spatial heterogeneity in light and higher rates of species turnover were both strongly related to increases in plant species richness in grazed areas. This suggests that creation of a mosaic of patches with high and low biomass (the primary determinant of light availability in mesic grasslands) and promotion of a dynamic species pool are the most important mechanisms by which grazers affect species richness in high productivity grasslands.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

The ecological condition of Gulf of Mexico resources from Perdido Key to Port St. Joe, Florida: Part II near-shelf coastal resources.

In 1999, the United States Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Ecology Division initiated a pilot study to assess the condition of nearshore coastal resources. Near-shelf areas associated with coastal beaches are susceptible to land based activities, but are not consistently monitored. Additionally, few or no marine water quality criteria exist for evaluating these waters. The goal of this pilot study was to assess the ecological condition of Gulf of Mexico near-shelf resources using a probability-based survey design. Data are used to generate a baseline assessment of condition in coastal nearshore areas and provide a comparative tool for evaluating future trends in condition. Water quality, sediment quality and benthic diversity data can provide a baseline assessment for managers to evaluate the potential for future problems such as nutrient over-enrichment, sediment contamination and degraded biological condition. We present results from a probability-based survey demonstration assessing near-shelf resources along the Florida panhandle.

Caribbean Region↗
PubMed1999

The protein kinase resource and other bioinformation resources.

The Internet, especially the World Wide Web has transformed how today's researchers communicate, share information, and analyze their data. Unfortunately, the vast number of online databases, information resources and analytical tools, some of them masked by unfamiliar titles and Internet addresses, has hindered their universal and effective use by the research community. To overcome these hurdles, subject- and function-specific compendiums are now available which organize information and online tolls in a manner familiar to the biological researcher. The Protein Kinase Resource and the CMS Molecular Biology Resource are two excellent examples of web compendia.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2006

Differential resource utilization benefits with Internet-based care coordination in elderly veterans with chronic diseases associated with high resource utilization.

Our objective was to evaluate in a demonstration project whether our T-Care Program, telecare management via an Internet-based home-messaging device, reduces resource utilization by patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes mellitus (DM), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Study participants were drawn from a group of high resource-utilizing veterans over age 60 and included 19 patients with CHF, 23 with DM, and 17 with COPD. Data were gathered on hospital admissions, bed days of care (BDOC), outpatient admissions, and emergency department visits 6 months before and 6 months after enrollment in the telecare program. Nonparametric tests examined pre- and postintervention effects. For patients with CHF, significant decreases were found with T-Care in total emergency department visits (30 to 10, p = 0.03) and hospital admissions (20 to 8, p = 0.03). The decrease in BDOC (179 to 53) was not significant (p = 0.07). Outpatient visits were unchanged (71 to 83, p = 0.38). There were no significant changes for patients with COPD: the apparent BDOC decrease (115 to 46) was not significant (p = 0.24). The outpatient visits by patients with DM decreased significantly (199 to 143, p = 0.03), but no significance was found for changes in their emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and BDOC. The apparent BDOC increase (38 to 198, p = 0.23) was related to two patients with extended stays for an amputation and mitral valve surgery. We found that telecare models may reduce resource utilization in elderly patients with chronic diseases, especially in patients with CHF. Because of the small sample size and lack of controls, larger and more carefully designed follow-up trials are needed to determine cost efficiency for different chronic diseases, and the relative value of the interpersonal contact versus the technological components of this care coordination model.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

The TIGR rice genome annotation resource: annotating the rice genome and creating resources for plant biologists.

Rice is not only a major food staple for the world's population but it also is a model species for a major group of flowering plants, the monocotyledonous plants. Draft genomic sequence of two subspecies of rice, Oryza sativa spp. japonica and indica ssp. are publicly available. To provide the community with a resource to data-mine the rice genome, we have constructed an annotation resource for rice (http://www.tigr.org/tdb/e2k1/osa1/). In this resource, we have annotated the rice genome for gene content, identified motifs/domains within the predicted genes, constructed a rice repeat database, identified related sequences in other plant species, and identified syntenic sequences between rice and maize. All of the data is available through web-based interfaces, FTP downloads, and a Distributed Annotation System.

Chromosomes, Artificial↗
PubMed2006

Singapore National Medical Image Resource Centre (SN.MIRC): a world wide web resource for radiology education.

Radiology education is heavily dependent on visual images, and case-based teaching files comprising medical images can be an important tool for teaching diagnostic radiology. Currently, hardcopy film is being rapidly replaced by digital radiological images in teaching hospitals, and an electronic teaching file (ETF) library would be desirable. Furthermore, a repository of ETFs deployed on the World Wide Web has the potential for e-learning applications to benefit a larger community of learners. In this paper, we describe a Singapore National Medical Image Resource Centre (SN.MIRC) that can serve as a World Wide Web resource for teaching diagnostic radiology. On SN.MIRC, ETFs can be created using a variety of mechanisms including file upload and online form-filling, and users can search for cases using the Medical Image Resource Center (MIRC) query schema developed by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). The system can be improved with future enhancements, including multimedia interactive teaching files and distance learning for continuing professional development. However, significant challenges exist when exploring the potential of using the World Wide Web for radiology education.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1995

The effect of ambulatory oncology nursing practice models on health resource utilization. Part 2, Different practice models--different use of health resources?

The continuous rise in healthcare expenditures concerns providers, recipients, and payers alike, all of whom seek to explain, justify, or contain these costs. Although nurses are major healthcare providers in ambulatory oncology settings, the efficiency or productivity of nursing, expressed as frequency and cost of services (resource utilization), has not been addressed. Part 1 presented findings from a retrospective comparative study that delineated two different models of oncology nursing practice, the Nurse Complement Model and the Nurse Substitute Model of practice. Part 2 discusses these differences in the economic effectiveness of ambulatory oncology nursing in terms of health resource utilization.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Resource management or managing resources?

Claims made by Stilwell and Hamlyn to have recorded reductions of 25% in average cost per patient in an out-patient clinic where detailed patient costing data was collected and employed are examined critically. Their failure to allow for case-mix differences is shown to nullify the apparent gain in resource efficiency. This raises issues concerning the value of providing managers with detailed patient costings, and throws doubt on the wisdom of current initiatives in Clinical Budgeting and Resource Management.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increasing resourcefulness: the key to declining resources.

Nurse executives face many daily issues related to balancing scarce resources with an ever-increasing demand for high quality services and programs. Never before have nursing organizations been faced with such relentless pressure to conserve resources and control costs in the process to meet organizational missions.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Resources and dual-task performance; resource allocation versus task integration.

This study aims at contributing to the explanation of dual-task performance in terms of either resource allocation or of task interference and integration. Twenty-four subjects carried out, single and in combination, a motor interval production task and a perceptual target detection task on the basis of combined memory and display search. The demands of the target detection task were varied by increasing or decreasing the presentation rate of successive search displays. Furthermore, the presentation rate was either constant or variable. The dual-task condition had a negative effect on interval production, the extent of which was unaffected by either rate or variability of display presentation. This means that there was no evidence for synchronizing interval production with display presentation, so that the major opportunity for task integration did not substantiate. It is suggested that the two tasks use different resource pools in addition to a common mechanism, the limited capacity of which causes a general interference in dual-task conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Resource holding potential, subjective resource value, and game theoretical models of aggressiveness signalling.

Empirical evidence suggests that aggressiveness (willingness to enter into, or escalate an aggressive interaction) may be more important than the ability to win fights in some species. Both empirical and theoretical traditions treat aggressiveness as a distinct property from the ability (RHP) or motivation (subjective resource value) to win a fight. I examine how these three traits are clearly distinct when modelled using a simple strategic model of escalation. I then examine game theoretical models of agonistic communication and demonstrate that models in which aggressiveness is signalled require: (1) a trait, aggressiveness, which is neither a correlate, nor consequence of RHP or motivation, (2) a handicap which negates any benefit to be gained through the use of a particular signal, and (3) the absence of any other asymmetry which could be used to assign roles to players. I conclude that it is unlikely that these assumptions are ever met, and that empirical examples of "aggressiveness" are far more likely to represent long-term differences in subjective resource value.

Aggression↗
PubMed1998

Allocating resources in health care: alternative approaches to measuring needs in resource allocation formula in Ontario.

Maintaining or improving the welfare of the population is a complex issue involving individual and collective actions and institutions. Despite questions regarding the relevance of health care systems to these aims, they remain vital policy and treatment arenas with respect to curative and preventative regimes. As a component of social welfare, health care resources should be distributed equitably, according to need for health care. This paper evaluates alternative indicators of health status within Ontario against self-reported health as a means of allocating health care resources. Proxies of need for health care include standardized mortality ratios (based on the population aged 0-64) and a socioeconomic based indicator. Mortality indicators are found to be more closely correlated with self-reported health status than the socioeconomic indicator, suggesting that mortality is better able to reflect variations in health status and health care needs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Self-regulation and self-presentation: regulatory resource depletion impairs impression management and effortful self-presentation depletes regulatory resources.

Self-presentation may require self-regulation, especially when familiar or dispositional tendencies must be overridden in service of the desired impression. Studies 1-4 showed that self-presentation under challenging conditions or according to counter-normative patterns (presenting oneself modestly to strangers, boastfully to friends, contrary to gender norms, to a skeptical audience, or while being a racial token) led to impaired self-regulation later, suggesting that those self-presentations depleted self-regulatory resources. When self-presentation conformed to familiar, normative, or dispositional patterns, self-regulation was less implicated. Studies 5-8 showed that when resources for self-regulation had been depleted by prior acts of self-control, self-presentation drifted toward less-effective patterns (talking too much, overly or insufficiently intimate disclosures, or egotistical arrogance). Thus, inner processes may serve interpersonal functions, although optimal interpersonal activity exacts a short-term cost.

Cognition↗
PubMed2002

The Protein Information Resource: an integrated public resource of functional annotation of proteins.

The Protein Information Resource (PIR) serves as an integrated public resource of functional annotation of protein data to support genomic/proteomic research and scientific discovery. The PIR, in collaboration with the Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences (MIPS) and the Japan International Protein Information Database (JIPID), produces the PIR-International Protein Sequence Database (PSD), the major annotated protein sequence database in the public domain, containing about 250 000 proteins. To improve protein annotation and the coverage of experimentally validated data, a bibliography submission system is developed for scientists to submit, categorize and retrieve literature information. Comprehensive protein information is available from iProClass, which includes family classification at the superfamily, domain and motif levels, structural and functional features of proteins, as well as cross-references to over 40 biological databases. To provide timely and comprehensive protein data with source attribution, we have introduced a non-redundant reference protein database, PIR-NREF. The database consists of about 800 000 proteins collected from PIR-PSD, SWISS-PROT, TrEMBL, GenPept, RefSeq and PDB, with composite protein names and literature data. To promote database interoperability, we provide XML data distribution and open database schema, and adopt common ontologies. The PIR web site (http://pir.georgetown.edu/) features data mining and sequence analysis tools for information retrieval and functional identification of proteins based on both sequence and annotation information. The PIR databases and other files are also available by FTP (ftp://nbrfa.georgetown.edu/pir_databases).

Amino Acid Sequence↗