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Results for “immunological profiling”

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PubMed1996

Early neonatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: value of comparative enzyme-linked immunofiltration assay immunological profiles and anti-Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin M (IgM) or IgA immunocapture and implications for postnatal therapeutic strategies.

Diagnostic strategies for congenital toxoplasmosis have changed profoundly in recent years. Immunological diagnostic methods, long considered disappointing, can now be used at a very early stage. Over a 3-year period, 1,050 infants at risk of congenital toxoplasmosis (born to 1,048 mothers infected during pregnancy) were monitored for a minimum of 12 months and a maximum of 7 years. More than 6,000 serum specimens were analyzed by comparative mother-infant immunological profiles (CIPs) based on an enzyme-linked immunofiltration assay (ELIFA) and an immunocapture method for the detection of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA. IgG antibodies were also titrated. One hundred three cases of congenital toxoplasmosis were demonstrated. The CIP-ELIFA method had a better diagnostic yield (sensitivity, 90%) than specific IgM and/or IgA detection by immunocapture assay (sensitivity, 77%). By using a combination of these tests, congenital infection was diagnosed in the first month and the first 3 months of life in 90 and 94% of infants with toxoplasmosis, respectively, with a specificity of 99.8% and a positive predictive value of 99% at 8 months of age. This dual diagnostic approach (ELIFA and IgM-IgA immunocapture) is highly efficient and has important implications for therapy. Indeed, early postnatal diagnosis based on objective evidence enables therapy with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine to be started immediately for 24 months, while spiramycin (which used to be given preventively for 9 to 12 months to all infants at risk) can be stopped after the first 3 months of life.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Allergic and immunologic profile of symptomatic Persian Gulf War veterans.

BACKGROUND: Persian Gulf War veterans have been enrolled in the Veterans Administration Persian Gulf Health Registry for evaluation of unexplained symptoms and illnesses. The allergy and immunology division at the West Los Angeles Veterans Administration Medical Center evaluated 20 consecutive symptomatic Persian Gulf War veterans. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the immunologic profiles of symptomatic Persian Gulf War Veterans. METHODS: A detailed history was obtained that included duties/responsibilities, length of time in the Persian Gulf, location, and exposures during the Gulf War. A complete physical examination was performed, with extensive laboratory testing and immediate and delayed hypersensitivity skin testing. Data from these Persian Gulf War Veterans were compared with a control population consisting of 44 non-Persian Gulf War veterans enrolled in our allergy and immunology clinic. Presenting allergic symptoms, presence of atopy, and total serum IgE levels were compared. RESULTS: Persian Gulf study patients and registry patients had a broad spectrum of nonspecific symptoms as compared with allergy clinic control patients who had dermatologic and respiratory symptoms. Persian Gulf study patients with allergy symptoms had a higher mean IgE level (88.7 IU/mL) than Persian Gulf study patients without allergy symptoms (47.5 IU/mL). Persian Gulf study patients with positive skin tests had a higher mean IgE level (161.5 IU/mL) than Persian Gulf study patients with negative skin tests (22.3 IU/mL). Laboratory data showed no significant immune abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that 20 Persian Gulf veterans with a multitude of nonspecific symptoms had no immune abnormality. Mean IgE levels and eosinophil counts correlated with atopic state and reported allergy symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinico-immunological profile in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis--an Indian experience.

From a Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic 361 children diagnosed as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) according to American Rheumatism Association-JRA criteria were studied retrospectively for their clinico-immunological profile. The mean age of onset in systemic, pauciarticular and polyarticular onset, JRA subtypes were 5.2, 6.8 and 7.2 years respectively. There was male preponderance in systemic and pauciarticular JRA. In seropositive polyarticular JRA, girls outnumbered boys. The frequency of occurrence of systemic, pauciarticular and polyarticular disease was 87 (24%), 108 (30%) and 166 (46%) respectively. The systemic onset disease was dominated by extra-articular manifestations in terms of fever (100%), rash (57%), hepatomegaly (51%) and lymphadenopathy (25%). The pauci- and polyarticular illnesses were commonly dominated by joint involvement, morning stiffness, and in few patients, by extra-articular manifestations also. The joints were involved symmetrically. Most commonly involved joints in order of decreasing frequency were knee, ankle, wrist and elbow in all the subtypes. Anemia and leucocytosis were observed in majority with higher frequency in systemic onset JRA. The rheumatoid factor (RF) was present in 15% of polyarticular JRA. RF was also present in 7 and 9% of patients with pauciarticular and systemic subtypes respectively. The antinuclear antibody was positive in only 3 out of 66 patients in whom the test was carried out. The demographic profile and trends in clinical features were similar to the studies reported on caucasian population with difference in the actual frequency of various clinical features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Perioperative blood transfusion in hepatocellular carcinomas: influence of immunologic profile and recurrence free survival.

BACKGROUND: The postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) associated with perioperative blood transfusion has been the subject of controversy. The authors prospectively investigated the relation between perioperative allogeneic blood transfusions, the recurrence free survival, and the immunologic profiles of patients with HCC who had undergone curative hepatic resections. METHODS: One hundred eight patients were divided into two groups: a transfused group (n = 53) and a nontransfused group (n = 55), according to their perioperative transfusion history. The subsets of lymphoid cells, natural killer cell activity and the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) response were all measured preoperatively, and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks and at 3 and 6 months after the hepatectomy. The recurrence free survival rate then was compared between these two groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between these two groups with respect to histologic findings, clinical stage, type of resection, pathologic data, and the recurrence free survival rate. Postoperative levels of the CD8 in the transfused group were elevated as compared with the nontransfused group, and the PHA response of the transfused patients was significantly increased at 7 postoperative days. Natural killer cell activity of the transfused patients was decreased at 7 postoperative days, as compared with the nontransfused patients, but there was no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Although allogeneic blood transfusion may have immunosuppressive effects, perioperative blood transfusions did not influence the cancer free survival rate in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunologic profile of patients with fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by generalized myalgias, arthralgias widespread tender points in discreet areas on examination. It is frequently accompanied by fatigue, stiffness, and a nonrestorative sleep pattern. These patients generally have a normal blood count and chemistry profile. There is a subset of people with fibromyalgia (FM) who test positive for the antinuclear antibody (ANA) and have constitutional symptoms that resemble those of patients with early lupus. We studied the immunologic profile of patients with FM who are ANA-positive (+). A retrospective review of patient records in a university-based rheumatology practice was conducted. In a group of 66 FM patients, 30% (20) were ANA+, with a 75% preponderance of the speckled pattern and 20% diffuse pattern. The remaining 5% were equally split between diffuse-speckled and speckled-nucleolar patterns. All had negative staining for extractable nuclear antibodies. The Smart Index (SI), a ratio of the sedimentation rate to one-half the patient's age, was developed to characterize each patient's inflammatory response. The FM patients who were ANA negative (-) had a mean SI of 0.55, whereas the FM patient's who were ANA+ had a SI of 1.07. These ANA+ patients represent a subgroup of patients who have FM with an inflammatory response profile larger than that of the ANA-patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Analysis of comparative immunological profiles of intraocular fluid and serum samples in patients suspected of ocular toxoplasmosis or toxocarosis].

High seroprevalence of Toxoplasma and Toxocara spp. in populations of children and adults in Poland constitutes a significant risk of supradiagnosed parasitic eye infections. We described the clinical characteristics in relation to the analysis of comparative immunological profiles of T. gondii-specific antibodies in aqueous humour and serum samples in patients with reactivated retinochoroiditis, and of Toxocara spp. ones in cases with posterior granuloma, fibrotic and calcified tumor-like masses simulating retinoblastoma, detected by ophthalmoscopy and echography. Intraocular synthesis of specific IgG antibodies was detected in anterior eye chamber fluid in 1/2 and 2/3 of patients respectively, strongly suspected of ocular toxoplasmosis or toxocarosis. The evidence of a local production of specific antibodies in intraocular fluid shown by the Western blot seems to be a valuable immunodiagnostic method for a final confirmation of eye lesions of parasitic origin and crucial in the choice of an appropriate treatment regimen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Immunological profiles of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. I. State before the start of treatment.

In view of the increasing interest in the immunotherapy of CML it seems highly desirable to broaden the present knowledge on the immune reactivity of CML patients. A group of 24 patients and 24 healthy controls were studied for the total of 15 immunological parameters, including the prevalence of antibodies against human herpesviruses and papillomaviruses. To clearly discriminate between changes associated with the disease and those induced by the therapy, all patients were enrolled prior to the start of any anti-leukaemic therapy. Statistically significant differences between patients and controls were found in the levels of IgA, C4 component of complement, CRP and IL-6, the production of Th1 cytokines in stimulated CD3 cells and the E. coli stimulatory index. The analysis of the interrelationship between the results obtained in the individual patients presented some unexpected findings, such as the lack of correlation between the CRP and IL-6 levels. It will be the purpose of a follow-up to determine whether and how the immune status of the patients prior to the treatment correlates with their response to therapy and how the individual immunological profiles change in the course of the disease. These observations will be utilized in the future immunotherapeutic studies to constitute the vaccine- and placebo-treated groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Inhibitory and immunological profile of therapeutic serum protein solutions].

Biseko is prepared from pooled human plasma by specific stepwise adsorption of the coagulation factors avoiding spontaneous coagulation. Biseko is manufactured from pooled plasma from more than 1000 donors. In order to ensure its hepatitis safety, the starting plasma is cold sterilized by beta-propiolactone and UV-irradiation. The inhibitory and immunological profile of the cold sterilized Biseko was compared with another commercial serum preserve and normal serum. alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin and antithrombin III are present in Biseko and normal serum in their biologically active forms. A certain amount of the opsonin, fibronectin, is heparin-precipitable in normal serum and has thus retained its native character, while the fibronectin in the commercial serum preserve examined is not heparin-precipitable. Biseko contains fibronectin only in trace amounts. The IgG, IgA and IgM immunoglobulin concentrations and activities in the serum preserves are equivalent to those in normal serum. One major difference between normal serum and the cold sterilized Biseko is that metabolites from the coagulation pathways are absent in Biseko. Normal serum is not suitable for therapeutic purposes because of activated enzymes formed during coagulation. The chemical analysis of the protein pattern in Biseko resembles more fresh frozen plasma without coagulation factors than normal serum.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1988

The immunological profile in sickle cell anaemia: a study of patients in the Arab Peninsula.

Recurrent and often serious infections are common in sickle cell anaemia. The predisposing causes are multiple, and immune abnormalities are frequently blamed. In this study, immune complexes, lymphocyte subpopulations, immunoglobulins and complement were determined in 40 Arabs with sickle cell anaemia to ascertain some aspects of their immunological profile. Immunoglobulins were found to be either normal or high, C3 and C4 values mostly clustered at the lower level of normal with a few values below normal, and some patients had low T4/T8 lymphocyte ratios. The results are discussed and compared with previous studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Immunological profile in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Thirty cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of varying etiology, severity and duration; and twenty six normal healthy newborns were subjected to various tests of cellular and humoral immunity. The results revealed a significant depression of all the parameters of cellular immunity in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of greater than or equal to 10 mg/dl as compared to the control values. The depression of immunological profile in these newborns was seen to be more pronounced with increasing duration and severity of jaundice. A limited assessment of the humoral immunity by the B cell count and serum immunoglobulin IgG levels, however, showed no significant difference from the control.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1987

[Early diagnosis and surveillance of congenital toxoplasmosis. The comparative immunological profiles method].

More than 8000 samples (sera, cord blood, CSF, etc.) from patients who had, or were likely to have, toxoplasmosis were studied by the CIP-ELIFA technique. The first stage in this technique is immunoelectrodiffusion on a microporous cellulose acetate membrane. In the second stage, immunodetection and isotypic characterization of the precipitating systems are rapidly carried out by immunofiltration with anti-IgG, IgM, IgA or IgE-labelled antibodies (enzyme-linked immunofiltration assay or ELIFA). Several samples are jointly laid out on the same membrane for compared immunological profiles (CIP). When applied to the mother-foetus relationship in toxoplasmosis, this procedure provides an early diagnosis of congenital infestation in 85% of the cases. Positive criteria are based on evidence of specific IgM, IgE or IgA in the child, but also on the detection of foetal or neonatal antitoxoplasmosis IgG which can be distinguished from the IgG transmitted by the mother. Polyisotypic supervision is of considerable value for assessment of prognosis and of therapeutic effectiveness at the end of treatment. Satisfactory isotypic characterization can only be achieved by using particular functional antigens.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1999

Acute motor axonal neuropathy and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy share a common immunological profile.

Griffin and colleagues (Griffin JW, Li CY, Ho TW, Tian M, Gao CY, Xue P, Mishu B, Cornblath DR, Macko C, McKhann GM, Asbury AK. Pathology of motor-sensory axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 1996;39:17-28 [4]) proposed that acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) are part of the spectrum of a single type of immune attack on the axon. In contrast, IgG anti-GM1 antibody is associated closely with AMAN, but whether other IgG anti-ganglioside antibodies are associated with this neuropathy is not clear. We investigated whether IgG anti-ganglioside antibodies can be used as immunological markers to differentiate AMAN from acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) and whether these autoantibodies are present in AMSAN. The frequencies of anti-GM1, anti-GM1b, and anti-GD1a IgG antibodies in 21 AMAN patients were significantly higher than in 19 AIDP patients. Anti-GM1b and anti-GD1a IgG, as well as anti-GM1 IgG antibodies, therefore are immunological markers for AMAN. The patients with AMSAN had anti-GM1, anti-GM1b, and anti-GD1a IgG antibodies, indicative that AMAN and AMSAN share a common immunological profile.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Relevant immunological profiles].

In 1980 more than 200,000 immunological tests were performed in the Section of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich (Switzerland), a fact which raises the question whether the results warrant the effort involved. To answer this question of clinical relevance, 4 disease complexes have been investigated: lupus erythematodes, systemic affections dominated by arthralgia, hepatitis and thyroiditis. The analysis shows that no single factor but only an optimized set of tests is capable of distinguishing between related diseases. Follow-up studies are of prime importance because the sequence of antigen expression and antibody responses provides valuable additional information. Laboratory results can be evaluated only in conjunction with the clinical picture.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Changes in biochemical, hematological and immunological profiles after low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin administration in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia.

We assessed the immediate effect of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) on the biochemical, immunological and hematological profiles in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. Over a period of three months, patients with antibody deficiencies, who had been established on stable IVIG treatment as replacement therapy in our hospital, were enrolled in the study. Participants underwent pre-therapy determinations of their biochemical, immunological and hematological profiles. Laboratory determinations were repeated after completion of IVIG infusions. Over the study period, fourteen patients were enrolled and a total of 34 pre- and post-IVIG infusion determinations were performed and results compared. We found that low-dose IVIG treatment in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia results in post-infusion biochemical and hematological changes, as follows: an increase in total protein concentration and a reduction in albumin, total cholesterol, sodium and alkaline phosphatase concentrations as well as lymphocyte and platelet counts. All these biochemical and cellular changes seems to be transient, since they were not observed in the subsequent pre-infusion determination. However, in other patient populations, some of these changes might differ, depending on the dose of IVIG administered and the baseline condition and immunological status of the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Immunosuppressive therapy for active lymphocytic myocarditis: virological and immunologic profile of responders versus nonresponders.

BACKGROUND: The beneficial effect of immunosuppressive treatment on myocarditis is still controversial, possibly because the immunologic and virological profile of potential candidates is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: Out of 652 biopsied patients, 112 had a histological diagnosis of active lymphocytic myocarditis; 41 of these 112 patients were characterized by progressive heart failure despite conventional therapy and were treated with prednisone and azathioprine for 6 months. All were resubmitted to cardiac catheterization, angiography, and endomyocardial biopsy at 1 and 6 months and followed-up for 1 year. A total of 21 patients responded with prompt improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction from 25.7+/-4.1% to 47.1+/-4.4% and showed evidence of healed myocarditis at control biopsy. Conversely, 20 patients failed to respond and showed a histological evolution toward dilated cardiomyopathy: 12 remained stationary, 3 underwent cardiac transplantation, and 5 died. We retrospectively performed a polymerase chain reaction on frozen endomyocardial tissue for the most common cardiotropic viruses and assessed circulating serum cardiac autoantibodies. Viral genomes were present in biopsy specimens of 17 nonresponders (85%), including enterovirus (n=5), Epstein-Barr virus (n=5) adenovirus (n=4), both adenovirus and enterovirus (n=1), influenza A virus (n=1), parvovirus-B19 (n=1), and in 3 responders, who were all positive for hepatitis C virus. Cardiac autoantibodies were present in 19 responders (90%) and in none of the nonresponders. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with active lymphocytic myocarditis, those with circulating cardiac autoantibodies and no viral genome in the myocardium are the most likely to benefit from immunosuppression. The beneficial effect of immunosuppression in hepatitis C virus myocarditis suggests a relevant immunomediated component of damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Immunological profile of chest x-ray-negative, asymptomatic asbestos workers.

Several immunologic parameters, both humoral and cellular, were studied in the serum and peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from chest x-ray-negative, asymptomatic asbestos workers. All humoral and cellular parameters were intact, except the con-A-induced T cell suppressor activity and T cell division in autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction, which were significantly elevated in the asbestos plant workers. The significance of these increased T cell activities in asbestos exposed people is not clear, and further clinical and immunological follow-up is warranted.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunologic profile of patients with renal transplantation in Panama].

We are presenting the immunologic pattern of 100 patients with kidney transplant made from 1990-2000 at CHM CSS Dr.AAM. Eighty nine were alive related donors. Most of them were from blood group O, donors and receptors. They came from Panama, Chiriqui and Colon. Many of the donors were siblings. The grades of compatibility in frequency were D, C, A & B. For locus HLA-A the most common gen was A2 for transplanted patients and for the rest of the Panamanian population is A24. For the locus HLA-B were B35 and B38 respectively and for the locus HLA-C the most common gen was C4, and C3 for the rest of the population.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Immunologic profiles of cats with persistent, naturally acquired feline leukemia virus infection.

Several immunologic responses were measured in 13 healthy cats with naturally acquired, persistent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) viremia from 4 multiple-cat households and were compared with responses from 28 of their healthy, non-FeLV-viremic housemates. Significant differences (P = less than 0.05) were not observed between results of FeLV-viremic and nonviremic cats for peripheral blood leukocyte or lymphocyte count, percentage of peripheral blood mononuclear cells able to form rosettes with guinea pig RBC or with antibody- and complement-coated sheep RBC, lymphocyte proliferative response to concanavalin A or pokeweed mitogen, or serum immunoglobulin G concentration. Seemingly, persistent FeLV viremia, when naturally acquired, may exist for some time without lymphopenia or a marked loss of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation.

Animals↗