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PubMed1976

[Hereditary polymorphism in the haptoglobin system of schizophrenic patients and healthy subjects].

Hereditary polymorphism of haptoglobin is studied by means of starch gel electrophoresis in schizophrenic patients (200 persons) and in healthy people (154 persons), in habitants of Minsk. It is concluded that Minsk inhabitants do not differ considerably from the rest European population in their frequencies of haptoglobin alleles. No reliable differences in the distribution of haptoglobin genotypes were found between patients and healthy persons. However, hereditary types of haptoglobins turned to be markers of the course and the prognosis of schizophrenia.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed1976

Association between macrophage activity and serum haptoglobin levels.

Serum haptoglobin is elevated by treatment of mice with thioglycollate, B.C.G. or silica. Haptoglobin concentrations were followed for a two week period following treatment and were found to correlate with the known effect of the stimulants upon macrophage activity. The numbers and characteristics of peritoneal exudate cells present following intraperitoneal thioglycollate inoculation suggest a relationship between phagocytic activity and serum haptoglobin levels and support the idea that serum haptoglobin levels may be controlled by mediators released during the process of phagocytosis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

[The relationship between haptoglobin type and serum agglutination titers against group G streptococci with the T4-antigen in pregnant women and newborn infants].

The relationship between haptoglobin type and titer of agglutination against streptococci carrying the T4-antigen was examined in 100 pairs of sera (mother/child). In healthy pregnant women high titers were predominant in individuals of haptoglobin type 2--2. Lower titers were found in sera of women with diseases during pregnancy. In 4% of the newborns only the haptoglobin type could be recognized. In comparison of maternal and neonate titers of agglutination pointed out the antibody-like activity of haptoglobins.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Haptoglobins act similar to antibodies. Steps of discovery. Analogous conclusions from pure preparations, umbilical cord sera and animal sera.

The haptoglobins in man and in mammals are agglutinin-like-substances for streptococci having the T4 antigen. The kind of the agglutinin-like behaviour depends on the genetic type of the haptoglobins. Haptoglobins of the types Hp 2-2, Hp 2-2 like and Hp 2-1 are hightitred complete agglutinins (titre in the range between 1:200 up to 1:3000 and higher) whereas haptoglobins of the type Hp 1-1 are "blocking antibodies". - The steps of the discovery and evidence are presented in detail. Different questions dealing with the clinical significance are discussed.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

[Relationship between anti-G-streptococcal titers and the haptoglobin type in human serum--aspects of the observed correlations].

In systematic investigations we found a relationship between the haptoglobin types of human sera and the agglutinability of some group-G streptococcal strains. Sera with the haptoglobin type Hp 1-1 do not agglutinate these strains (or with low titres up to 1:16 only). On the other hand sera with the haptoglobin types Hp 2-1 or Hp 2-2 agglutinate the streptococci with titres from 1:200 to 1:3,200 (or more). The aspects resulting from these findings were discussed in detail. They may have among others practical consequences for the forensic medicine and the role of the haptoglobins must be thought over again.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

[Populational-age dynamics of types of haptoglobins among the inhabitants of the northeast USSR].

As the result of investigation of the types of haptoglobin in 367 practically healthy inhabitants of Magadan and of 711 Chukchees from four villages of the Chukotsk National Region an increase of the frequency of the 1--1 type in each successive age group was observed. In Chukchees in elder age groups it is less conspicuous. A different adaptive value of the types of haptoglobin in the region studied is assumed. This adaptive value can be expressed as follows: 1--1 greater than 2--1 greater than 2--2. A consideration is adduced about the presence of this region of a powerful systematically acting factor leading to a simple shift of the frequencies of haptoglobin types in respresentatives of two ethnic groups. A conclusion is drawn about an unequal adaptive value of haptoglobin types at different periods of ontogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Diagnostic importance of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin in nephropathy of pregnancy].

Serum ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin levels of 87 females-pregnant with toxicosis, with a past history of toxicosis with morbid manifestations and healthy pregnant ones were studied. Characteristic correlations are outlined--highly elevated ceruloplasmin level with normal haptoglobin level in the pregnant with toxicosis, moderate elevation of ceruloplasmin level with normal haptoglobin level--in the normally progressing pregnancy and slightly elevated ceruloplasmin level with elevated haptoglobin level--in patients with residual morbid manifestations after a past history of toxicosis. The establishment of such a combination in the last group, being characteristic for the chronic glomerulonephritis, provides grounds the latter to be used as a prognostic index in the evaluation of post-toxicosis kidney injuries--a tendency to chronification.

Ceruloplasmin↗
PubMed1977

[Demonstration of an agglutination-like nature of haptoglobins against streptococci with T4-antigen through the examination of umbilical cord sera].

The determinability of haptoglobin types is correlated with the titers of agglutination against streptococci carrying the T4 antigen. If the haptoglobin types in cord-sera cannot be determined (as a result of the physiological binding of haptoglobins) the agglutination reaction fails or the titers are greatly diminished. The dimorphism, which was found in sera of adults, can be demonstrated in cord sera, too, if they can be typed. It is concluded that the observed reaction between Hp 2-2 and Hp 2-1 sera with T4-streptococci is caused by the haptoglobin itself.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1977

[Relationships between Streptococcus pyogenes T4-antigens and haptoglobin types (author's transl)].

Some strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci were agglutinated with high titers (1:200-1:6400) by human sera of the haptoglobin types 2-2 and 2-1. No agglutination or with low titers (up to 1:20) was observed with sera of the haptoglobin type 1-1. This reactivity depends from the contents of Streptococcus pyogenes T-antigens of the T-complex 4,24... This T4-antigen is present in group A streptococci (Strep. pyogenes) of the types 4, 24, 26, 28, 29, 46, 48 and 60 but it may be present also in some strains of streptococcal groups C and G. During a 10-year period we isolated 12 strains of Strep. equisimilis (group C) carrying the T-4 antigen (1.6%) and 50 group-G streptococci with T-4 antigen (6.4%) of all group G streptococci). These strains were agglutinated without an exception with high titers by Hp 2-2 and Hp 2-1 sera but not by sera of the haptoglobin type 1-1. The same particuliarity was shown by Streptococcus pyogenes types of the T-complex 4, 24... One strain of type 26 (BC 179) has no T antigen and therefore it was not agglutinated in the above mentioned manner. The phenomenon depends from the medium; it occurs after cultivation of the streptococci in Pope broth or in meat-infusion with glucose but not or only reduced in beef heart-proteose-medium. The agglutination reaction is caused by the haptoglobin but not by agglutinins against the T4-antigens.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1975

[An immunonephelometric determination of rabbit haptoglobin].

An immunonephelemetric determination of rabbit haptoglobin was carried out. At first, pure haptoglobin was isolated and then monospecific immunserums were obtained from rats. This method completes the regular determination of haptoglobin in all cases where the peroxydasic activity of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex is inhibited either by an hemolytic process, as is the case for rabbits, or by some inhibitors of the peroxydasic reaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Behavior of prealbumin, retinol-binding protein, transferrin and haptoglobin in the postoperative and post-traumatic phase].

The plasma proteins pre-albumin, retinol-binding protein, transferrin, and haptoglobin were determined in 3 different groups of surgical patients (8 patients after inguinal or incisional hernia operation, 12 patients with peritonitis due to insufficient anastomoses, 17 patients with skull-brain injuries) according to the radial immune diffusion method. The decrease in concentration of nutrition-dependent plasma proteins, pre-albumin, retinol-binding protein and transferrin, varied depending on the extent of postoperative or posttraumatic catabolism and respective nutritional regimen. The increase in concentration of the acute phase protein haptoglobin was not significantly dependent on the severity of trauma. There was, however, a further haptoglobin increase of significance due to postoperative peritonitis complication.

Haptoglobins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of ACTH on the excretion of acid glycosaminoglycans in urine and on the content of haptoglobin in blood serum of rats in acute aseptic inflammation].

In aseptic inflammation an increase in excretion of acid glucosoaminoglycans with urine of rats was an earlier evidence for destructive processes in the main substance of connective tissues than an increase in content of haptoglobin in blood serum. The increase in content of haptoglobin in blood serum was probably caused by beginning reparative processes in the centre of impairment. The centre of inflammation, caused by subcutaneous administration of turpentine simultaneously with repeated injections of high doses of ACTH, was maintained in the rats longer than in animals, which were not treated with ACTH. In the case the most distinct increase in excretion of glycosoaminoglycans with urine was observed; content of haptoglobin was also increased in blood serum.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Haptoglobins in gynecologic tumors (author's transl)].

Serum concentrations of haptoglobins were checked in 100 women with benign or malign gynecologic tumors. Typification of haptoglobins was determined by starch gel electrophoresis, quantification by single radial immunodiffusion. Cases with malignancies showed significant increased levels in comparison to healthy women. In cases with cervical carcinoma, a significant increase of the haptoglobin level was evaluated according to advanced carcinoma.

Electrophoresis, Starch Gel↗
PubMed1979

[Simple method for the preparation of haptoglobin].

The present paper deals with a method permitting the isolation of haptoglobin 2-2 from human serum or plasma. The haptoglobin is adsorbed to DEAE-cellulose at pH 5.1 by batching. The loaded cellulose is given into a column and the haptoglobin eluted by a 0.1 M to 0.15 M acetate buffer. The last step is a gel-chromatography on Sephadex G-200. Disc- and immunoelectrophoresis were used to test the purity. As by-product acid alpha1-glycoprotein can be obtained.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1979

Significance of serum fucose, sialic acid, haptoglobine and phospholipids levels in the evolution and treatment of breast cancer.

Serum fucose, sialic acid, haptoglobine and phospholipids were determined in 167 women with breast cancer stages I--III, 30 with benign lesions of the breast, 42 women in various physiological states of the mammary gland (pregnancy, early childbed and lactation) and compared with 30 healthy women as control. Serial determinations of these parameters during the radio-surgical treatment were done in 28 patients with breast cancer stage III. Fucose and phospholipids levels were significantly increased respectively decreased in the group of patients with breast cancers but unmodified in the others. Sialic acid and haptoglobine -- increased in patients with cancer -- were also elevated in patients with early childbed and benign affections of the breast. The surveillance of these four parameters during the radio-surgical treatment of breast cancer evidenced a good correlation between their modified levels and clinical state of the patients. The increase in fucose, sialic acid and haptoglobine respectively the decrease in phospholipids levels was associated with the clinical evidence of recurrences and metastases.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1979

An efficient method to eliminate streaking in the electrophoretic analysis of haptoglobin in bloodstains.

A bloodstain extraction procedure that improves the analysis of haptoglobin in dried bloodstains has been developed. The streaking of electrophoresis gels caused by deteriorated hemoglobin can be eliminated by incorporating chloroform in the bloodstain extraction procedure. The method is easier to execute than previously published techniques for eliminating the adverse effects of deteriorated hemoglobin on the analysis of haptoglobin. Bloodstains up to two years old were correctly phenotyped in haptoglobin by this method.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1978

Degradation and inactivation of ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin by rat liver lysosomes and some other proteinases.

Lysosomal fraction was isolated from rat liver by density gradient centrifugation after pervious loading of lysosomes in vivo with Triton WR-1339. Tritosome preparations were incubated at 37 degrees C and pH 5 for 24 hr with purified human ceruloplasmin or haptoglobin. After this period approximately 20% of total alpha amino nitrogen was released from ceruloplasmin and over 40% from haptoglobin. This was accompanied by loss of peroxidase activity of haptoglobin (in complex with haemoglobin), while enzymatic activity of ceruloplasmin remained unaltered. Removal of sialic acid by neuraminidase had no effect on digestion of ceruloplasmin by rat liver tritosomes. Both glycoproteins were resistant to horse leucocyte proteinases and pancreatic eleastase but were easily inactivated by trypsin and chymotrypsin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The frequency in Japanese of genetic variants of 22 proteins. I. Albumin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and transferrin.

This paper presents the results of an electrophoretic survey of approximately 4000 individuals from the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, for four serum proteins: albumin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and transferrin. The haptoglobin gene frequencies obtained for the HP1-HP2 polymorphism are in agreement with earlier reports. Rare electrophoretic variants of albumin, ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin occur with frequencies of 2-48, 0-50 and 0-58 per 1000 determinations, respectively. The noteworthy finding of 8 distinct transferrin variants in these populations, with a combined frequency of 20-90 per 1000 determinations, is also presented. Four of these variants (Dchi, B1, B3, and DHIR2 which corresponds electrophoretically to D4) have been reported in other populations in Japan, but the other five have not previously been differentiated.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗