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Results for “Whole-Body Counting”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Comparison of 15N-labelled glycine, aspartate, valine and leucine for measurement of whole-body protein turnover.

1. Whole-body protein turnover was measured in rats by constant infusion of 15N-labelled glycine, aspartate, valine and leucine and measuring the enrichment of hepatic and renal urea and ammonia nitrogen. 2. The values obtained with [15N]glycine were comparable with values reported with methods based on different assumptions. 3. [15N]Aspartate gave rise to an increased enrichment of urea and ammonia and hence to lower protein-turnover rates. 4. [15N]Valine and [15N]leucine gave low enrichments of nitrogenous end products and hence to high protein-turnover rates. 5. All 15N-labelled amino acids are not equally suitable for measuring whole-body protein turnover by the end-product method. The relative amounts of 15N going to the end products can be predicted from the known individual metabolism of aspartate and the branched-chain amino acids.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1978

[Studies of 57-co-bleomycin in patients with carcinoma colli uteri (author's transl)].

The kinetics of 57Co-Bleomycin was studied in twelve patients with histologically proven carcinoma colli uteri and in ten patients with benign gynaecological conditions. Measurements were carried out on the whole body, on parts of the body and on urine and blood using a whole body counter. Excretion of the tumour-seeking radio-pharmaceutical is predominantly through the kidneys and can be described by a double compartment model. After 48 hours, 2-4% of the applied activity is still present in the body. Radiation exposure to the body, the kidneys and bladder was calculated from the measurements and MIRD tables as 0.02 rad/mci (total body), 0.4 rad/mCi (kidneys) and 0.2 rad/mCi (bladder). In view of the rapid elimination of 57Co-Bleomycin, these figures are lower than data data quoted in the literature. There was no evidence of significantly higher uptake of 57Co-Bleomycin in the carcinomatous epithelium of the collum uteri compared with benign diseases, using the total body counter in the scan node. As possible explanations for this, the authors suggest inadequate geometric resolution of the system and a low tumour/non-tumour distribution ratio.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1977

Distribution of 14C-lindane in Japanese quail using autoradiography of whole body sections.

Information on the distribution of lindane in Japanese quails was obtained by autoradiography of whole body sections. The most part of lindane was found in fatty tissues of the animals and the distribution in the other parts of the organism was equal. A single dose of 14C-lindane is found in the organism of Japanese quails mainly in the gastro-intestinal tract and is excreted within 72 hours after the application.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Calibration and evaluation of a system of total body in vivo activation analysis using 14 MeV neutrons.

A system has been established for determining the total body contents of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chlorine and nitrogen by neutron activation analysis using sealed-tube neutron generators and a shadow-shield whole-body counter. The system was calibrated using three anthropomorphic phantoms of different sizes, filled with various mixtures of the activatable elements in amounts similar to those in man. The reproducibility determined from replicate measurements, was on average +/- 2.9% (SD). The average uncertainty in absolute measurements was estimated to be +/- 4.2% (68% confidence interval).

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Body composition in middle-aged women with special reference to the correlation between body fat mass and anthropometric data.

A variety of anthropometric measurements was made in a randomized population sample of middle-aged women in five age strata in whom body composition was estimated from total body potassium and total body water determined by whole body counting and isotope dilution technique, respectively. No significant differences with age were found for total body potassium or total body water. A significant age difference was found for body fat mass. Simple linear correlations between anthropometric variables and body fat mass estimates were found to be 0.90, 0.86, 0.77 for body weight, buttock circumference, and sum of triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that these three variables accounted for 80 to 91% of the variation in body fat in the different age strata studied. Multiple regression equations for prediction of body fat from anthropometric variables are given. In about two-thirds of the subjects, the difference between predicted body fat mass and estimated body fat mass was found to be less than +/- 2.5 kg.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

67Ga-citrate scanning in gastrointestinal malignancies.

The value of 67 Ga-citrate scanning in cases of gastrointestinal malignancies is discussed. Seven cases are presented, including lymphomas of the stomach, small bowel, and rectum, and adenocarcinomas of the stomach and colon. In a review of the literature, there is general pessimism regarding the use of 67Ga scans in GI malignancies. Based on previous reports and our own experience, specific clinical situations are cited in which the scan is of considerable value for diagnosis and followup of GI malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Whole body elemental composition during drug treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a preliminary study.

Thirty-two female patients with rheumatoid arthritis were divided into 3 groups and treated for 6 months with prednisolone, depot tetracosactrin, or indomethacin. Their whole body content of calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen was measured before and after 3 and 6 months' treatment by in-vivo neutron activation analysis. No significant changes in these body elements were observed as a result of the treatments. The average amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen were lower than normal in these patients, a finding consistent with the frequent observation of osteoporosis and muscle wasting in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Total body potassium in cor pulmonale.

Total body potassium was measured in 12 patients with cor pulmonale, by determination of potassium-40, a naturally occurring radioisotope. In all subjects the observed value of total body potassium showed no significant depletion when compared with that predicted from height and age. All previous studies in similar groups of patients have been confined to the estimation of exchangeable potassium by the technique of isotope dilution. Results using the latter technique have shown gross potassium depletion. It is suggested that the apparent disparity between total body potassium and exchangeable potassium could be explained by the requirement for a longer equilibration period when using isotope dilution techniques in patients who are in chronic hypoxaemic state.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Inorganic iron absorption in subjects with iron deficiency anemia, achylia gastrica and alcoholic cirhosis using a whole-body counter.

A precise although technically complicated method is described for the estimation of iron absorption. A steel chamber is used to measure the total radioactivity of the patients. A dose of 59Fe is administered orally and the retention of radioactivity is measured on the 14th day, this amount being equivalent to the amount absorbed. In our male group, the mean absorption of inorganic iron was 22.5 +/- 8%, and in females it was 43.3 +/- 11%. In 10 patients with iron deficiency anemia, the mean was 92.2 +/- 6% , in 10 with gastric achylia it was 4.6 +/- 4%, and in 12 chronic alcoholics a value of 13.9 +/- 7% was found.

Absorption↗