Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Verbal Behavior”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Increasing constructive anger verbal behavior decreases resting blood pressure: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled hostility intervention.

We hypothesized that increasing anger verbal behavior in an assertive, constructively motivated style should decrease resting blood pressure (BP) and that this behavior may be one mechanism through which hostility relates to BP. We tested this hypothesis by conducting secondary analyses on a single-blind, matched, randomized controlled study of hostility modification and BP. A total of 22 high-hostile male patients with coronary heart disease were matched on age and hostility level and were randomly assigned to either an 8-week cognitive-behavioral hostility treatment (n = 10) or an information-control group (n = 12). Patients were reassessed after treatment and at 2-month follow-up on hostility, observed anger expression, and resting BP. We found that decreases in hostility predicted increases in constructive anger behavior-verbal component, which in turn predicted decreases in resting BP at follow-up. Thus, one of the mechanisms underlying the hostility-BP association may be the lack of constructive anger expression.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Functional analysis and treatment of inappropriate verbal behavior.

The present study examined the possible function of inappropriate verbal behavior of an adult man who had been diagnosed with both mental retardation and psychosis. Results of a functional analysis indicated that inappropriate verbal utterances were maintained by attention. An intervention consisting of the differential reinforcement of appropriate verbal behavior effectively reduced the inappropriate behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

An analysis of clinicians' verbal behaviors in a community reintegration program for traumatic brain injury survivors.

The authors present an analysis of clinician verbal behaviors in the Community Reintegration Program, a treatment program for traumatic brain injury survivors. Experienced clinicians from different allied health professions were videotaped as they provided group treatment. Each clinician's verbal behaviors were coded using an adaptation of the Clinical Interaction Analysis System, a reliable system for describing verbal behaviors. Clinicians then participated in a structured interview with the investigators; during the interview, clinicians reviewed their treatment tape and stated what treatment goals they were working on during each utterance. The majority of the clinicians' behaviors fell into two categories: clinician-initiated discourse and explanation. Chi-square analyses revealed that these two categories occurred significantly more frequently than other coded categories. These two verbal codes predominated regardless of the goal being addressed and regardless of the professional background of the treating clinician.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effects of sex and label on performance ratings, children's test scores, and examiners' verbal behavior.

The effects of sex and label on performance ratings, test scores, and verbal behavior were examined. Forty preschool children were randomly assigned by sex to one of four expectancy conditions: normal male, normal female, developmentally delayed male, and developmentally delayed female. All children were, in fact, nonhandicapped and had no diagnosis or record of learning problems. Ten examiners were randomly assigned one child from each of the four expectancy conditions. After hearing a description (labeled or nonlabeled) of the child's developmental status, each examiner administered the Animal House and Block Design subtests of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence to their respective child. Directions for administering the subtests were modified by encouraging the examiner to prompt the child verbally when necessary. The examiner rated the child's overall performance and scored the two subtests. Each testing session was video taped so that verbal prompts could be counted. The results of a multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the child's sex and the interaction between sex and label did not influence performance ratings, test scores, or the examiners' verbal behavior. The label "developmentally delayed," however, had a negative impact on children's test scores and performance ratings. The number of verbal prompts was not differentially affected by the child's developmental status.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Analyses of changes in verbal behavior following a cognitive-behavioral treatment for impulsivity.

Analyses were conducted to examine further the results of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for impulsivity in emotionally disturbed children (Kendall & Finch, 1978). The verbal behaviors of treated impulsive children, impulsive controls, and reflective children, recorded during MFF performance at pretreatment, posttreatment, and follow-up, were examined. The results indicated nonsignificant effects for several specific codes; however, the impulsive children that had received treatment evidenced a significant increase in total on-task verbal behavior at posttreatment. Discussion includes a consideration of these findings in regard to the efficacy of the cognitive-behavioral treatment and the need for research on the assessment of cognitive variables in children.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1983

Alcohol, affect, and the disinhibition of verbal behavior.

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of acute alcohol administration on affective states and verbal behavior during the ascending and descending limbs of the blood alcohol curve. Sixteen male social drinkers were given alcohol (1.0 g/kg) or placebo in a double-blind crossover research design. Subjects tested while blood alcohol levels (BAL) were ascending close to peak concentration (0.11 g%) described themselves as more elated, friendly, and vigorous than when tested under placebo conditions. As BAL declined, subjects described themselves as more angry, depressed, and fatigued. Cognitive confusion, hostile verbal interaction, and aggressive thematic content were also greater during alcohol intoxication, but these measures were unrelated to direction of change in the BAL curve. It was concluded that (1) the effects of alcohol on affect are biphasic and are closely related to direction of change in the BAL curve, (2) the disinhibition of certain types of verbal behavior is related neither to affective state or to direction of the BAL curve, and (3) the perception of cognitive disorientation may mediate the effects of alcohol on those behaviors normally suppressed by various controlling influences.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Modulation of neuroendocrine response and non-verbal behavior during psychosocial stress in healthy volunteers by the glutamate release-inhibiting drug lamotrigine.

The present work was aimed at verifying the following hypotheses: (a) lamotrigine, a drug used to treat mood disorders, affects regulation of stress hormone release in humans, and (b) non-verbal behavior during mental stress situations (public speech) is related to hormonal responses. To achieve these aims, we performed a controlled, double-blind study investigating hormonal responses and non-verbal behavior during public speech in healthy subjects with placebo or lamotrigine (300 mg per os) pretreatment. The stress procedure was performed in 19 young healthy males 5 h following drug or placebo administration. Data were obtained from cardiovascular monitoring, blood and saliva samples, as well as the video-recorded speech. Pre-stress hormone levels were not affected by lamotrigine treatment. Lamotrigine significantly inhibited diastolic blood pressure, growth hormone and cortisol increases during psychosocial stress. In contrast, it potentiated plasma renin activity and aldosterone responses. Non-verbal behavior analysis revealed a correlation between catecholamines and submissive or flight behavior in controls, while between catecholamines and displacement behavior following lamotrigine administration. In conclusion, effects of lamotrigine on hormone release might be of value for its mood-stabilizing action used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. The data are in support of a stimulatory role of glutamate in the control of cortisol and growth hormone release during psychosocial stress in humans; however, further studies using more selective drugs are needed to prove this suggestion. The effects on plasma renin activity and aldosterone release observed seem to be related to other actions of lamotrigine.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1990

Verbal behaviors of preschool stutterers and conversational partners: observing reciprocal relationships.

Standard counseling practices with the families of young stutterers include recommendations that listeners' negative verbal behaviors be modified in order to reduce the likelihood of stuttering. This study tested the hypothesis that stuttering and normal disfluencies in preschool stutterers are related to selected verbal behaviors in conversational partners. Twelve 2- to 6-year-old stutterers were video recorded while playing with their mother, father, and a familiar peer. The resulting videotapes were transcribed and two types of social communicative analyses (total number of words and utterances, verbal intent of the speaker) were undertaken. Results suggested that fathers used more words and utterances than mothers and peers. Parents provided more positive interactions with their stutterer offspring than did peers. Parents also asked significantly more negative and routine questions when talking to their stuttering child. Peer playmates were significantly more negative and generally commented more frequently when interacting with stutterers than did the parents. Stutterers were involved in significantly more positive interactions with their fathers. The frequency of fluency failures did not differ significantly when stutterers communicated with their mother, father, or peer partners. Implications regarding verbal styles of partners in relationship to the stuttering of preschool children are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The development, validation, and applications of a computerized measurement of cognitive impairment from the content analysis of verbal behavior.

This is a report of the development, validation, and computerized applications of a method of measuring cognitive and intellectual impairment through the content analysis of verbal behavior. The content analysis procedure utilized is based on the method developed by Gottschalk and Gleser for the measurement of the magnitude of many other psychological states and traits, in addition to cognitive dysfunction. Verbal behavior studies are reviewed that examine the cognitive effects of age, certain psychoactive drugs, alcohol, total body irradiation, sensory overload, and dementia. Finally, the availability of a recently developed artificial intelligence software program is reported that will reliably, rapidly, and objectively score speech samples (on Gottschalk-Gleser Scales) transcribed according to specific directions from IBM-compatible computer diskettes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1971

A method for recording verbal behavior in free-play settings.

The present study attempted to test the reliability of a new method of recording verbal behavior in a free-play preschool setting. Six children, three normal and three speech impaired, served as subjects. Videotaped records of verbal behavior were scored by two experimentally naive observers. The results suggest that the system provides a means of obtaining reliable records of both normal and impaired speech, even when the subjects exhibit nonverbal behaviors (such as hyperactivity) that interfere with direct observation techniques.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Effects of reinforcement, proximity, and orientation on verbal behavior of female schizophrenics.

Evaluated effects of reinforcement, proximity, and orientation on verbal behavior of female schizophrenics. Sixty-four inpatient state hospital volunteers (36 schizophrenics and 33 hospitalized controls) either were reinforced verbally or nonreinforced for construction of appropriate sentences. Also, participants were exposed to near or far proximity as well as direct or indirect orientation. Results indicated that schizophrenics performed best in the indirect orientation condition. While no differential group effects were seen across diagnosis, participants on the average responded more effectively when reinforced. These findings are contradictory to those reported in earlier studies of verbal conditioning in schizophrenics. Discussed were the detrimental effects of attentional demands on verbal conditioning in schizophrenics and the effectiveness of verbal reinforcement across hospitalized patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Verbal Behavior Assessment Scale (VerBAS): construct validity, reliability, and internal consistency.

A questionnaire, the Verbal Behavior Assessment Scale, was developed to assess the communicative functions of individuals with developmental disabilities and severe mental handicap. To assess its psychometric characteristics, the questionnaire, comprising 15 items, was administered to pairs of caregivers of 115 participants. Exploratory factor analysis, involving 11 more participants, revealed satisfactory evidence concerning the distinction of three different communicative functions with the present sample. The questionnaire had good levels of interrater reliability and internal consistency.

Adolescent↗