Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “VEINS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Mid-term recurrence rate of incompetent perforating veins after combined superficial vein surgery and subfascial endoscopic perforating vein surgery.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the mid-term (mean, 3.7 years) clinical results and the results of duplex Doppler sonographic examinations of subfascial endoscopic perforating vein surgery (SEPS) in patients with mild to severe chronic venous insufficiency (clinical class 2-6) and assessed the factors associated with the recurrence of insufficient perforating veins (IPVs). METHODS: Eighty patients with mild to severe chronic venous insufficiency undergoing SEPS were evaluated, and duplex findings, as well as clinical severity and disability scores before and after the operation, were compared. Patients with prior deep vein thrombosis (<6 months) or prior SEPS were excluded from this study. RESULTS: There were 27 men and 53 women with a median age of 59.8 years (range, 34.3-80.0 years). The distribution of clinical classes (CEAP) was as follows: class 2, 13.1% (12 limbs); class 3, 22.8% (21 limbs); class 4, 19.6% (18 limbs); class 5, 21.7% (20 limbs); and class 6, 22.8% (21 limbs). The etiology of venous insufficiency was primary valvular incompetence in 83 limbs (90.2%) and secondary disease in 9 limbs (9.8%). Concomitant superficial vein surgery was performed in 89 limbs (95.7%). Twenty (95%) leg ulcers healed spontaneously within 12 weeks after operation, whereas one patient required additional split-thickness skin grafting. Eighteen patients had previous surgery of the great and/or short saphenous vein before SEPS. During a mean follow-up of 3.7 years, recurrence of 22 IPVs was observed in 20 (21.7%) of 92 limbs, and recurrent leg ulcers were observed in 2 (9.5%) of 21 limbs. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to predict factors influencing the recurrence of IPVs (recurrent superficial varicosis, secondary disease, active or healed leg ulcer [C5/6], compression treatment, and previous operation). On multivariate analysis, previous surgery (P = .014) was identified as the only significant factor for the recurrence of IPVs. CONCLUSIONS: SEPS is a safe and highly effective treatment for IPVs. Within a median follow-up period of 3.7 years, only 2 of 21 venous ulcers recurred, both in patients with secondary disease. Nevertheless, we observed recurrence of IPVs in 21.7% of the operated limbs. On multivariate analysis, patients who had undergone previous surgery were found to have a significantly higher rate of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Fibrinolytic treatment with ultra-high streptokinase infusion via the dorsalis pedis vein offers no advantage over systemic infusion via the brachial vein in patients with deep vein thrombosis of the leg.

The present study into the fibrinolytic therapy of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) considers whether streptokinase infusion into the dorsalis pedis vein of the affected leg (ipsipedal infusion) yields higher lysis rates than systemic infusion via the brachial vein (systemic infusion). In both cases the dosage regimen selected was a short-term ultra-high streptokinase (UHSK) infusion of 1.5 million IUSK/hour over a period of 6 hours (total SK dose: 9 million IU). A series of one to three UHSK infusions was given on one to three consecutive days. Forty patients were randomised to either systemic (Group S) or ipsipedal (Group IP) treatment. The distribution of important parameters determining a fibrinolytic response (e.g. the age, site and extent of DVT, and number of UHSK infusion series) was virtually identical in the two treatment groups. The rates for total and partial thrombolysis in the systemic infusion group were 50% and 10% respectively compared with 30% and 20% respectively in the ipsipedal group. The distribution of side-effects was approximately identical in the two groups. The results show that ipsipedal UHSK lysis via the dorsalis pedis vein confers no advantage over systemic infusion via the brachial vein.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Transposition of the external jugular vein onto the subclavian vein in the treatment of symptomatic stenosis of the right subclavian vein].

Subclavian vein stenosis is a classical complication of longterm venous catheterization in hemodialysis. We report the case of a 74 years-old woman, operated for multiple arteriovenous fistulae, admitted to hospital with upper-limb oedema. Venous angiography demonstrated subclavian stenosis. Surgical treatment was performed by transposition of the external jugular vein onto the subclavian vein with a good result.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Glucose gradients of maternal vein-umbilical vein and umbilical vein-umbilical artery in normally grown and growth-retarded fetuses.

The present study was designed to investigate the roles of maternal-fetal glucose transport and fetal glucose utilization in the regulation of fetal growth. Maternal venous blood, umbilical arterial and venous blood were sampled simultaneously in 60 full-term appropriate-for gestational age (AGA) fetuses and 48 small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses. The cases were divided into four groups: group 1 consisted of 35 AGA fetuses, group 2 consisted of 25 AGA fetuses, group 3 consisted of 25 SGA fetuses, and group 4 consisted of 22 SGA fetuses. The mothers of group 1 and 3 were given 2.5% glucose in 0.9% normal saline and those of groups 2 and 4 by cesarean section received normal saline or Ringer's lactate at least one hour prior to delivery of the fetus SGA fetuses were found to have hypoglycaemia of umbilical venous blood, increased (maternal vein-umbilical vein) MV-UV and decreased UV-UA (umbilical vein-umbilical artery) glucose gradients, all of which disappeared after maternal glucose supplementation. However, hypoinsulinemia and lower insulin/glucose ratio in SGA fetuses persisted either with or without maternal parenteral glucose infusion. Increased MV-UV and decreased UV-UA glucose gradients suggests placental dysfunction and poor glucose utilization in SGA fetuses. The lower fetal insulin/glucose ratio may imply pancreatic dysfunction in SGA fetuses, which did not respond to glucose challenge from the maternal side. It seems that in SGA fetuses, placental dysfunction interferes with maternal-fetal transfer with resulting fetal hypoglycemia; on the other hand, pancreatic dysfunction leads to poor glucose utilization and retarded intrauterine growth. However, the mechanism that primarily accounts for pancreatic dysfunction in these fetuses remains to be resolved.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of Doppler parameters in the study of basal cerebral veins: basal vein of Rosenthal and middle cerebral vein].

INTRODUCTION: To date, little attention has been paid to the study of the venous system by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasound. The objective of our study was to learn how to localize cerebral blood flow and find the normal values of different ultrasonographic parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 20 healthy persons in whom the arterial system of the circle of Willis had previously been shown to be normal. Transcranial Doppler scan was done with the person lying face upwards, using a transtemporal 2 MHz catheter. In the study we included persons in whom at least one of the two veins could be studied unilaterally. RESULTS: We studied twelve men and eight women aged between 25 and 78 years. The basal vein of Rosenthal, localized bilaterally in 70% of the cases, was identified as a wave of low pulsation between segments P1 and P2 of the posterior cerebral artery, going away from the catheter at a speed of about 11 cm/second. The middle cerebral vein was found bilaterally in only 35% of the cases as a wave near to the middle cerebral artery but in the opposite direction, at an average velocity of approximately 11.7 cm/second and of low pulsation. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the technical problems, which can be solved using contrast agents, it is possible to study the cerebral venous system by means of transcranial Doppler. Our Unit is the first in Spain to show this. We therefore wish to promote the use of transcranial Doppler in cerebral venous disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Mixed type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with the left upper pulmonary vein draining into the innominate vein and the other pulmonary veins into the coronary sinus--surgical correction in 2 infants].

Surgical repair of the mixed type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in infancy is known to be difficult. In this report, experience of two infants with the mixed type TAPVC with the left upper pulmonary vein (PV) draining into the innominate vein and the other PVs into the coronary sinus (IIa + Ia (left upper PV) type TAPVC) is presented. In such cases, it has been said that the left upper PV should be left uncorrected, but we anastomosed the left upper PV, that was thin and fragile, to the left atrium and corrected all the other anomalous PVs. The results were satisfactory. Recently, Extra-Corporeal circulation, microsurgery, and other techniques have significantly progressed, so we consider that the anastomosis is possible in most infants with IIa + Ia (left upper PV) type TAPVC. In the future, careful clinical follow-up and repeat catheterizations should be done, and we'd like to examine the long term patency of the left upper PV.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic vein reconstruction using autologous vein graft for resection of advanced hepatobiliary malignancy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: When advanced hepatobiliary malignancy involves the major veins that are requisite for draining venous flow from the remnant liver after hepatectomy, it may be unresectable, unless the hepatic vein involved by the tumor can be reconstructed after combined resection with hepatectomy. METHODOLOGY: Seven patients with hepatobiliary malignancy underwent hepatic vein resection and reconstruction using autologous vein grafts in our study. Five patients had patch repairs of the hepatic vein, with the gonadal vein used in 2 cases, the umbilical vein in 2, and the inferior mesenteric vein in 1. Two other patients underwent segmental reconstruction of the hepatic vein, using the inferior mesenteric vein for reconstruction of the middle hepatic vein, and the internal iliac vein for reconstruction of the right hepatic vein. Operative results and postoperative outcome, including liver function, patency, and survival, were evaluated. Literatures reporting hepatic vein reconstruction in hepatic resection, including this study, are also reviewed. RESULTS: In 6 of 7 patients, autologous vein grafts were obtained from the upper abdominal operative field without making an additional skin incision. The right internal iliac vein was used in segmental reconstruction of the right hepatic vein, and the inferior mesenteric vein was used in segmental reconstruction of the middle hepatic vein, based on caliber matching. Patch repairs of the right hepatic vein were successfully performed in 2 cases, the middle hepatic vein in 2, and the left hepatic in 1, using the umbilical vein, the gonadal vein and the inferior mesenteric vein. During hepatic vein reconstruction, total hepatic vascular exclusion was required in 2 cases, and Pringle's inflow clamp with selective clamp of reconstructed hepatic vein in 5, in order to avoid massive bleeding, congestion, and air embolism. Postoperatively, there were no remarkable complications of liver dysfunction or other organ damage encountered in any of the patients. Reconstructed hepatic veins were revealed to be patent postoperatively in all cases. Six patients survived for 60-1035 days after surgery, and 1 patient died of cancer recurrence 550 days after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that hepatic vein reconstruction using an autologous vein graft can be safely and effectively performed with a suitable vascular control method for appropriately selected patients with advanced hepatobiliary cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incompetence of the external saphenous vein with progressive repercussions on the internal saphenous vein. Cure by stripping of the external saphenous vein alone].

Voluminous dilatation of the arch of the external saphenous, developing after effort. Progressive dilatation of the whole of the external saphenous and the veins communicating with the internal saphenous, followed by progressive dilatation of the internal saphenous, from the malleolus up to the knee. After ligation of the arch and stripping of the external saphenous, the internal saphenous reverted spontaneously to its normal size in a few months.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Two cases of the retroaortic left renal vein and a morphogenetic consideration of the anomalous vein].

The left renal vein rarely passing behind the abdominal aorta is called "the retroaortic left renal vein". We encountered two cases of the retroaortic left renal vein during the student course of dissection at Iwate Medical University School of Medicine in the years 1986-1997. The incidence of the retroaortic left renal vein was calculated at 2/266 or 0.75%. We observed and recorded the two cases of the retroaortic left renal vein by photographs and line drawings. Then, to consider the morphogenesis of the anomalous vein, we studied 16 cases of the renal collar (the circumaortic renal venous ring) from 149 bodies. Moreover, we observed and recorded the relations between the left renal vein and the lumbar veins in 19 bodies dissected in 1996. Results were compared with those of the reports by some different authors and conclusions were as follows. 1. The incidence of the retroaortic left renal vein is estimated approximately at 0.75%. 2. The retroaortic left renal vein is derived from the renal collar (circumaortic renal venous ring) at an embryonic stage and is completed by the regression and disappearance of the ventral (preaortic) limb and the persistence of the dorsal (postaortic) limb at a later stage. The ventral limb originates from the anastomosis between the subcardinal veins and the dorsal limb originates from the anastomosis between the supracardinal veins (external vertebral venous plexus). The left lumbar veins drain into the inferior vena cava by using the intersupracardinal anastomosis (external vertebral venous plexus). The dorsal limb and the left lumbar veins are considered to use a same venous route passing dorsal to the abdominal aorta. Indeed, in the 16 cases of the renal collar studied, the dorsal limb use the left second lumbar vein in 7 cases, the third lumbar vein in 6 cases, the fourth lumbar vein in 1 case, both the second and the third lumbar veins in 1 case and unknown lumbar vein in 1 case. Moreover, in the two cases of the retroaortic left renal vein the dorsal limb use the third lumbar vein. 3. The retroaortic left renal vein of our cases leaves the renal hilus behind the renal artery (usually in front of the artery) at the level of the intervertebral disc between the second and the third lumbar vertebrae (just one verteral body lower than usual) and flows into the inferior vena cava by using the left third lumbar vein. The reason why ventral (normal) route of the left renal vein disappear may be that the vein leaves the renal hilus at the lower level and the more dorsal position than usual.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Recurrent varicose veins following high ligation of long saphenous vein: a duplex ultrasound study.

Duplex scanning was used to study recurrent varicose veins in 244 limbs with previous high ligation of the long saphenous vein. The recurrent varicose veins were classified into two types according to the presence or absence of a residual long saphenous vein. Varicose veins with a residual long saphenous vein (type I) occurred in 168 limbs (68.9%). A residual long saphenous vein with an incompetent saphenofemoral junction was present in 125 limbs and one without any residual saphenofemoral junction in 43 limbs. Besides the presence of an incompetent long saphenous vein in this group, an incompetent short saphenous vein was detected in 26 limbs, incompetent perforating vein(s) in 45 limbs and incompetent deep veins in 26 limbs. Varicose veins without a residual long saphenous vein (type II) occurred in 76 limbs (31.1%). An incompetent short saphenous vein was demonstrated in 44 limbs, incompetent perforating vein(s) in 18 limbs and incompetent deep veins in 32 limbs. Of the total 244 limbs with recurrent varicose veins, long saphenous vein incompetence was involved in 168 (68.9%), short saphenous vein incompetence in 70 (28.7%), perforating vein incompetence in 63 (25.8%) and deep venous incompetence in 58 (23.8%). Although saphenofemoral junction incompetence was found to be the main source of recurrence, a segment of incompetent residual long saphenous vein, an incompetent short saphenous vein, perforating vein and deep venous system incompetence are other common sources of recurrence. A precise assessment to identify underlying venous incompetence is important for the management of recurrent varicose veins.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Portal vein aneurysm of the umbilical portion: imaging features and the relationship with portal vein anomalies.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the imaging features of portal vein aneurysm occurring at the umbilical portion and the relation between portal vein aneurysm of the umbilical portion and portal vein anomaly. METHODS: Retrograde analysis was performed in 18 patients with portal vein aneurysm of the umbilical portion of the portal vein. We analyzed the size, shape, and imaging findings of portal vein aneurysm. In addition, we evaluated associated portal vein anomalies, specifically, the branching pattern of the intrahepatic portal vein and the position of the umbilical portion of the left portal vein. RESULTS: The diameter of the portal vein aneurysm ranged from 1.5 to 2.2 cm and the shape of the portal vein aneurysm was saccular (n = 14) or fusiform (n = 4). Imaging findings of the portal vein aneurysm of the umbilical portion were typical for its vascular nature. Portal vein anomalies were seen in eight of 18 patients (44%): the right anterior segmental portal vein (n = 7) or the right anterior and posterior segmental portal veins (n = 1) originating from the umbilical portion of the left portal vein and a rightward deviation of the umbilical portion of the left portal vein (n = 4). CONCLUSION: Due to its vascular nature, noninvasive diagnostic modalities can enable the detection of portal vein aneurysm of the umbilical portion, and there is a close relation between portal vein aneurysm of the umbilical portion and portal vein anomaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Autogenous common facial vein or external jugular vein patch for carotid endarterectomy.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether common facial vein or external jugular vein are as good a vein patch as a saphenous vein for carotid patch angioplasty. METHOD: Retrospectively, 19 patients who underwent everted common facial vein or external jugular vein patch were compared with 199 patients who underwent saphenous vein patch carotid endarterectomy during 1989 to 1996. The two groups were compared clinically and by sonographic surveillance. The mean follow-up was 18+/-4 months for common facial vein/external jugular vein patients and 48+/-15 months for saphenous vein patch group. RESULTS: No significant differences in mortality or morbidity were observed among patients in whom everted common facial vein or external jugular vein was used as compared with saphenous vein. No bleeding, thrombotic event, dilation of the patch or aneurysmal degeneration and perioperative deaths occurred in either of the two groups. Duplex surveillance studies showed no significant difference in recurrent moderate (50-79%) and severe (80-99%) stenosis. CONCLUSION: Everted common facial vein or external jugular vein patch was comparable to other vein patches. This eliminates the comorbidity of groin incision. Also, using everted common facial vein or external jugular vein as vein patch saves saphenous vein to be used for other vascular procedures, such as coronary artery or lower extremity bypass.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Recurrent varicose veins after short saphenous vein surgery: a duplex ultrasound study.

Recurrent venous reflux in the popliteal fossa of patients with recurrent varicose veins following short saphenous vein surgery was assessed in 70 limbs using a duplex scanner. Incompetence of the short saphenous vein was found to be the main source (61%) of venous reflux in the popliteal fossa (43/70). The recurrence or persistence of the short saphenous vein was subdivided into four types: an intact saphenopopliteal junction, as well as an intact short saphenous vein in 20 limbs (type I): varicosities in the popliteal fossa communicating with a short saphenous vein stump in 11 limbs (type II); a residual short saphenous vein communicating with the popliteal vein via a tortuous recurrent vein in eight limbs (type III); and a segment of residual short saphenous vein with no communication with the popliteal vein in four limbs (type IV). Incompetence of a gastrocnemius vein was involved in 24 cases (34%), an incompetent popliteal area vein in one (1.4%), popliteal vein incompetence in 15 (21%), and popliteal fossa varicosities communicating with the long saphenous system in two (3%). Of 12 limbs tested pre- and postoperatively, a high termination of the short saphenous vein was demonstrated in four of seven residual incompetent short saphenous veins. Duplex scanning is recommended to assess recurrent venous reflux in the popliteal fossa. It can be used to determine the level of an incompetent saphenopopliteal junction and the level of the termination of any other incompetent vein in the management of varicose veins recurring after a short saphenous vein operation.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1988

Distinctive characteristics of the splenic vein in the dog. Its morphological and pharmacological discontinuities with the portal vein and splenic capsule.

Vascular characteristics of the splenic vein are entirely different from the portal vein in the dog. We compared the responsiveness of the splenic capsule, which contains abundant smooth muscle with the portal and splenic veins. With respect to potentiation of acetylcholine-induced contraction by neostigmine, the relaxation response to isoproterenol and the contractile response to 5-hydroxytryptamine, the splenic capsule differed from the splenic vein, but was rather similar to the portal vein. A site of morphological and pharmacological discontinuity between the portal vein and the splenic vein occurred at the junction of the splenic vein and the left gastric vein to form the gastrosplenic vein. This junction may coincide with the site of connection of the embryonic splenic vein, a newly formed efferent vein of the spleen, with the portal vein, which was reported by Miki [cf. Bevan et al.: 4th Int. Symp. on Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms; Raven Press, New York 1983]. On the splenic side, histological examination revealed that smooth muscle of the splenic capsule and trabeculae are interconnected, but did not extend to the splenic vein. At openings of the trabecular veins into the 'intrasplenic' portion of the splenic vein the trabecular smooth muscle continued to the extended capsule. The site of change in pharmacological responses was also found to be located between the trabeculae and the intrasplenic portion of the splenic vein. Thus the splenic vein can be regarded as a distinct segment of vessel inserted between the portal vein and the spleen. This may reflect differences in embryogenesis of their smooth muscle.

Animals↗