[Heat shock and sunstroke in children].
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Heat Exhaustion↗
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[Prescriptions No. 192. Simple prescriptions for heat stroke and sunstroke therapy].
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Autonomic Agents↗
[Acute renal failure in sunstroke].
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Acute Kidney Injury↗
Sunstroke and insanity in nineteenth century Australia.
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Australia↗
Xanthopsia and van Gogh's yellow palette.
A survey of van Gogh's work from 1886 to 1890 indicated that paintings with a yellow dominance were numerous, episodic, and multi-regional. His underlying illness, by his own admission, affected his life and work; furthermore, episodes of malnutrition, substance abuse, environmental exposure, and drug experimentation (all evident from correspondence) exacerbated his condition. Accordingly, we reviewed plausible agents that might have modified the artist's colour perception. Xanthopsia due to overdosage of digitalis or santonin is well documented elsewhere, but evidence of useage of either drug by van Gogh cannot be substantiated. It is unlikely that ageing of the human lens was an influence because of the artist's youth. Sunstroke is too restrictive to fit the multiplicity of regions and motifs. Hallucinations induced by absinthe, the popular liqueur of the period, may explain particular canvases but not the majority of 'high yellow' paintings. Van Gogh's proclivity for exaggerated colours and his embrance of yellow in particular are clear from his letters and, in contradistinction to chemical or physical insults modifying perception, artistic preference is the best working hypothesis to explain the yellow dominance in his palette.
Adult↗
A contribution to the physiology of the perilymph. Part IV: Effect of histamine on the cochlear microcirculation.
Summary--Because of the topography of the perilymphatic vascular network, the cochlear microcirculation is especially sensitive to the effect of vasoactive substances reaching the perilymphatic space. The cochlear microcirculation is mainly controlled humorally, via the activity of the metarterioles and changes in the flow properties of the blood. Intracochlear histamine reduces the cochlear circulation even more markedly than after intracarotid administration. No systematic effects of parenteral administration of vasoactive substances can be expected on the cochlear circulation. Reversible auditory disorders after stapedectomy may be explicable by the intracochlear release of histamine. The internal release of histamine after sunstroke and cold stress may play a part in sudden dusturbances of hearing.
Animals↗
Beat the heat: managing heat and hydration in marching band.
Marching band students are athletes who practice outdoors under conditions that expose them to dehydration, heat exhaustion, and sunstroke. They suffer these heat-related injuries because breaking formation frequently to adequately hydrate is impractical. This project developed educational materials alerting the students and the director to heat-related illnesses and tested a simple method of fluid replacement that could be used during practice. A Heat Index chart was adapted to identify hazardous conditions; fluid intake recommendations were made based on the Heat Index. Students purchased a water bottle housed in an insulated belt that was worn during all outdoor rehearsals. Because water was readily available, the students were able to drink the necessary fluids without interrupting the rehearsal. These bottles have been used successfully for 3 years. Based on limited subjective data, the students reported feeling better, their mental acuity improved, and rehearsals were more productive. This article examines the effects of heat on the body and reports on a practical solution that has been found to protect marching band members from heat-related stress.
Adolescent↗
[Seasonal variations of lipids and arterial pressure].
BACKGROUND: The presence of a seasonal variation in serum lipids and blood pressure is often described in the literature. METHODS: With the aim of analyzing this seasonal influence blood pressure and lipid (total cholesterol and cholesterol corresponding to different lipoprotein, triglycerides and AI and B apolipoprotein families) values were studied over 12 months in 36 normotense healthy males (mean age 36 +/- 6 years), a third of whom presented diverse base lipid alterations. A variance analysis of the relative intraindividual values (to study monthly differences) was carried out and a Student's t test was performed for the absolute values and grouped into two periods (summer and winter) and according to two categories (normal and hyperlipemic). RESULTS: No significant modification was observed in any of the parameters studied with the exception of the intrapersonal variation coefficient of the triglycerides which was significantly higher in the hyperlipemic individuals. CONCLUSIONS: In the population studied no seasonal modification was observed in blood pressure or different lipid concentrations analyzed. The slight variation of temperature observed and the elevated sunstroke in Spain in addition to the youth of the population studied may explain the lack of seasonal variation.
Adult↗
Traditional beliefs and disease practices of Ethiopian Jews.
In an attempt to assess concepts of disease, we questioned 33 Ethiopian Jews (Falashas) in Ethiopia about 13 diseases: 8 western and 5 cultural syndromes (in the Amharic language): birrd (cold), wugat (stabbing chest pain), moygnbagegn (neurologic disorder), mitch (sunstroke), and attent hono kere (retained fetus becoming bone). Disease causation was often attributed to spirits and the sun. None of the interviewees understood the cause of: a) epilepsy, most attributing it to spirits and recommending smelling match smoke as treatment, b) prolonged labor, attributed by most to the evil kole spirit and is managed by traditional birth attendants; and c) abortion, believed to be caused by exposure to sun or cold. Less than 20% linked malaria to mosquitoes. Most correlated splenomegaly with malaria. Hepatitis was believed to be caused by a bird or bat flying around the affected person. Multiple factors were linked to diarrhea, including a journey in the sun. Moygnbagegn is the only condition treated by venisection from brachial veins; wugat is treated by "cupping". Modern medicine was recommended by < 30% of those questioned for epilepsy, splenomegaly, hepatitis, and Ethiopian cultural diseases. It was recommended most for malaria (52%), sexually transmitted diseases (55%), and diarrhea (69%).
Adolescent↗
Cross-cultural medicine and diverse health beliefs. Ethiopians abroad.
A large number of Ethiopians reside abroad as refugees, immigrants, or students. To provide adequate care, physicians must understand their beliefs about health and medicine. To Ethiopians, health is an equilibrium between the body and the outside. Excess sun is believed to cause mitch ("sunstroke"), leading to skin disease. Blowing winds are thought to cause pain wherever they hit. Sexually transmitted disease is attributed to urinating under a full moon. People with buda, "evil eye," are said to be able to harm others by looking at them. Ethiopians often complain of rasehn, "my head" (often saying it burns); yazorehnyal, "spinning" (not a true vertigo); and libehn, "my heart" (usually indicating dyspepsia rather than a cardiac problem). Most Ethiopians have faith in traditional healers and procedures. In children, uvulectomy (to prevent presumed suffocation during pharyngitis in babies), the extraction of lower incisors (to prevent diarrhea), and the incision of eyelids (to prevent or cure conjunctivitis) are common. Circumcision is performed on almost all men and 90% of women. Ethiopians do bloodletting for moygnbagegn, a neurologic disease that includes fever and syncope. Chest pain is treated by cupping. Ethiopians often prefer injections to tablets. Bad news is usually given to families of patients and not the patients themselves. Zar is a form of spirit possession treated by a traditional healer negotiating with the alien spirit and giving gifts to the possessed patient. Health education must address Ethiopian concerns and customs.
Adolescent↗
Acquired generalized anhidrosis.
A patient developed generalized anhidrosis, probably following sunstroke. Light microscopy showed an atrophic, deeply lobulated or elongated configuration of the eccrine sweat glands, most of them containing many vacuoles that possessed strong acid phosphatase activity. Electron microscopy revealed that the vacuoles were bound by a unit membrane and that the contents varied. Fusion of the vacuoles and accumulation of cellular debris in the lumen were also seen. It was concluded that the vacuoles showed areas of autolysis and were classified in the group of lysosomes. In addition, it is postulated that the anhidrosis resulted from a critical rise in body temperature with subsequent changes in the secretory cells.
Adolescent↗
Dehydration and death in the desert.
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Dehydration↗
MANNITOL THERAPY IN OLIGURIA OF ACUTE ONSET.
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Acute Kidney Injury↗
[HEAT STROKE AND INSOLATION].
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Heat Exhaustion↗