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29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Influence of testosterone substitution on sperm suppression by LHRH agonists.

To investigate the effect of LHRH (GnRH) agonists on sperm suppression, we studied the effect of a depot preparation of D-Trp6 LHRH in 10 normal men for 30 weeks. In addition, to determine the role of androgenic substitution on sperm suppression, the volunteers were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 5) received a low dose T substitution (125 mg of T enanthate every month), while group 2 (n = 5) received a normal T substitution (120 mg of T undecanoate every day). Four men became azoospermic in group 1 and none in group 2. Moreover, administration of additional T injections in 1 volunteer of group 1 resulted in the reappearance of spermatozoa in the ejaculate. Return to the low dose therapy produced azoospermia. These results suggest that testosterone supplementation supports spermatogenesis.

Contraceptive Agents, Male↗
PubMed1984

Drug-induced infertility.

Primary infertility may result from the use of various drugs. This phenomenon may be the result of an effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis or a direct toxic effect on the gonads. Some of the drugs considered in this article demonstrate sex-related differences in their ability to cause infertility; there also may be age-related differences. The drugs described in this review, in regard to their association with the development of infertility, include various individual antineoplastic agents (cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, busulphan, and methotrexate) and combinations of these chemotherapeutic drugs, glucocorticosteroids, hormonal steroids (diethylstilbestrol, medroxyprogesterone acetate, estrogen, and the constituents of oral contraceptives), antibiotics (sulfasalazine and co-trimoxazole), thyroid supplements, spironolactone, cimetidine, colchicine, marihuana, opiates, and neuroleptic agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reversible inhibition of sperm production and gonadotrophin secretion in men following combined oral medroxyprogesterone acetate and percutaneous testosterone treatment.

Six men requesting male contraception received a daily oral dose of 20 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in combination with 50 or 100 mg percutaneous testosterone for 1 year. From the third month the sperm concentration was less than 10(6)/ml for all the men at one time or another during treatment, and usually less than 5 X 10(6)/ml, with an average reduction of 95% with respect to pre-treatment values. The sperm count returned to previous values 3-6 months after cessation of the treatment. While FSH and LH secretion was inhibited throughout the treatment period, plasma testosterone levels were not reduced. Oestradiol levels were unaffected while dihydrotestosterone was elevated. The secretory activity of the prostate and seminal vesicles was not appreciably affected; seminal carnitine concentration was reduced during the treatment with a subsequent return to pretreatment values. No pregnancies occurred during treatment. There was no impairment of libido in the subjects, nor any incidence of gynaecomastia, or increase in average body weight. The only observed metabolic side-effect was a moderate increase in glycaemia. A synergistic action of MPA and testosterone is proposed to explain the inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Endocrinological and physiological features after steroid treatment of male rats.

The effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera), testosterone propionate (TP), ethinyl estradiol (EE), and ethynodiol diacetate (ED) treatments on sperm population in different segments of the male rat reproductive tract, reproductive organ weights, circulating androgens and fertility were studied. Ten microgram TP given for five days reduced the sperm population and organ weights. A marked reduction in the number of sperm and reproductive organ weights was observed in males orally treated with estrogens. Only long-term (20 days) treatment with Provera (1 mg/day) significantly reduced sperm population and reproductive organ weights. Combination of TP and Provera resulted in a more pronounced reduction in sperm counts and organ weights. Among steroids studied, estrogen was the only compound which suppressed fertility and circulating steroid levels.

Androgens↗
PubMed1983

Male contraception: the effect of d-norgestrel and testosterone enanthate on spermatogenesis--ultrastructural characteristics.

Electron microscopy was performed on testicular biopsies from men during a contraceptive regimen with d-norgestrel and testosterone enanthate. There was a considerable reduction of spermatogenesis, the seminiferous tubules being lined with a low epithelium of early spermatogenetic cells and only few late stages and spermatozoa. At the ultrastructural level, no qualitative changes could be observed in any of the tubular cells, a fact that seems to be of significance in contraception where any possible change should be entirely reversible.

Androgens↗
PubMed1986

Effect of lead on human semen.

Semen qualities were studied in workers with an average age of 30 years and occupationally exposed to lead in a printing press. Another sample with the same average age but not exposed to lead were taken as control subjects. The average lead content in blood and seminal plasma of the exposed group were 42.5 mcg/100 ml and 14.80 mcg/100 ml, respectively. Their sperm counts and percentage of motile sperm were significantly affected. Significantly higher percentages of abnormal spermatozoa were also observed in these semen samples. The levels of seminal acid phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase, and fructose in them were also significantly found to be low compared with those from the unexposed subjects. Cytochemical study of sperm head DNA in the exposed groups showed a low surface reaction.

Asia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sperm centrifugation in azoospermia?].

In cases of azoospermia especially after vasectomy the investigation of the seminal sediment investigation is necessary. Exclusive on this way it is possible to find some side dispersed spermatozoa. The described case deals with a pregnancy about 48 days following vasectomy. Postoperative the sperm sediment investigation was not performed. In the following judicial hearing the doctor justified himself, that there do'nt exist any special direction in different textbooks of andrology as well as of urology. But this case demonstrates the necessary of the seminal sediment, which is the most important andrological investigation after vasectomy. For this it is not necessary to find special directions, this is common use.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed2001

Combined approach as an effective method in the prevention of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of combined approach on the prevention of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in high risk patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF. The combined approach consisted of: (1) step-down administration of gonadotropins; (2) lowering the dose of human chorionic gonadotropin; (3) intravenous albumin infusion at the time of oocyte retrieval and (4) progesterone use for luteal support. Total of 87 high risk patients with a serum estradiol level >11,010 pmol/l or 3000 pg/ml on HCG day were managed by this combined approach and their results were compared with 274 low risk patients. In all high risk patients, the gonadotrophin dose were decreased starting as early as on day 4 of ovarian stimulation as necessary, ovulation was triggered by a decreased HCG dose of 5000-7000 IU according to the level of estradiol, intravenous infusion of 20% human albumin, 50-100ml were given just 1h before the oocyte retrieval and luteal support was provided either by 50mg progesterone in oil, IM or 600 mg micronized progesterone orally or vaginally until the day of beta-HCG determination. All patients were followed by serial ultrasonographic examinations and complete blood count analysis after embryo transfer to detect the early signs of OHSS and to allow early intervention. Age and duration of infertility were similar in both groups. Although the number of gonadotrophin ampoules used (22.7 +/- 4.7 versus 27.8+/-3.7; P<0.05) was significantly lower, estradiol levels (16,764 +/- 6936 pmol/l versus 8870 +/- 2456 pmol/l; P<0.05) and mean number of oocytes (18.3 +/- 5.9 versus 10.6+/-5.4; P<0.05) were significantly higher in study group. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of the mean number of transferred embryos (3.2 +/- 1.1 versus 3.4+/-1.1) and rate of pregnancies (50.5% versus 40.1%). There was only one moderate and no severe OHSS case in the high risk group, while five moderate and one severe OHSS cases developed in the control group consisting of low risk patients. In conclusion, intravenous albumin combined with low dose HCG, early step-down administration of gonadotropins and progesterone use for luteal support, so called combined approach, proved to be effective in the prevention of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in documented high risk patients.

Adult↗