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PubMedDate not supplied

[A flexible Russian sigmoidoscope with fiber optics].

A brief characteristics of endoscopes manufactured by the leading specialized firms is given. At the same time optical and mechanical systems of the Soviet-made sigmoidoscope, model CBO-1, an apparatus equipped with fibrous optical elements for transmission of ligh and image, now in batch production, are described. Data derived from a comparative investigation of the resolving power of the CBO-1 unit and of the analogous devices manufactured by the firm "Olympus" are presented.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1982

Clinical accuracy in the diagnosis of small polyps using the flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscope.

Seventy-eight patients referred to a specialist clinic for investigation of large-bowel symptoms were examined with the flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscope. One hundred twenty polyps were treated, including 84 adenomatous and 32 hyperplastic polyps. Sixty-nine per cent of polyps were situated beyond 18 cm from the anal verge. Endoscopic diagnosis was correct in 82 per cent of cases. The size of the polyp assessed endoscopically strongly influenced the clinical diagnosis but proved unreliable as a means of making an accurate diagnosis. Results indicate that whenever possible all polyps of all sizes should be removed for microscopic examination.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

Problems encountered in teaching the use of the 65 cm flexible sigmoidoscope in a surgical oncology training program.

Flexible sigmoidoscopy after age 50 has been recommended by the American Cancer Society for colorectal cancer screening. A questionnaire to assess the difficulties encountered in learning to perform this procedure was given to 19 surgical oncology fellows after a 3-month rotation in the Division of Colorectal Surgery. Sixteen (84%) trainees related that between 10-20 flexible sigmoidoscopies were necessary before they felt competent. The most difficult aspect of learning flexible sigmoidoscopy was the torquing technique followed by the ability to determine the location of the proximal bowel lumen. All 19 trainees rated the ability to recognize pathology as not difficult. In this group of surgical trainees, the mean number of flexible sigmoidoscopy performed before competency was established was 15; torquing the shaft of the sigmoidoscope was the most difficult aspect to learn. The majority of the trainees recorded that following the performance of 15-20 endoscopies, torquing became easier.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1996

A case of Churg-Strauss syndrome: tissue diagnosis established by sigmoidoscopic rectal biopsy.

A case is presented of Churg-Strauss syndrome in a young man in whom the definitive diagnostic procedure was a full thickness sigmoidoscopic rectal biopsy, with submucosal sampling. Gastrointestinal changes in Churg-Strauss syndrome, a rare systemic illness characterised by asthma, blood and tissue eosinophilia, vasculitis, and granulomatous inflammation are common but poorly reported. The endoscopic and histopathological features of a case are described and emphasise the potential value of a limited sigmoidoscopy in establishing the diagnosis, when lower gastrointestinal symptoms are present.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Participation in a sigmoidoscopic colorectal cancer screening program: a pilot study.

At present, very little is known about the determinants of endoscopic screening participation. This study presents an analysis of the psychosocial associations of participation and nonparticipation in a sigmoidoscopic colorectal cancer screening program. The present pilot study was executed among members of a Dutch target group, ages 50-60 years, who visited an internal medicine outpatient clinic. Individuals who were asked to participate in the program (n = 200) received general information with regard to the screening procedure. The participation rate was 45%. Persons who participated in the screening program as well as those who wanted to participate in the study but did not want to participate in the screening program were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Self-efficacy, i.e., the individual's perception of the difficulty of participating in the screening program, appeared to be the most important association of participation. Furthermore, response efficacy, i.e., the individual's beliefs about the outcome of participation, and social support proved to be concepts that were associated with participation.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1965

SIGMOIDOSCOPIC EXAMINATION. ROUTINE USE FOR PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL.

Routine sigmoidoscopic examination as a screening method for detecting cancer of the colon was evaluated during a recent four-year period. In 18,120 patients, this examination discovered 1,087 with unsuspected benign polyps (6.0 per cent), 51 patients with unsuspected malignant polyps (0.28 per cent), and 36 patients with unsuspected cancer (0.2 per cent). These 36 cases of cancer of the colon made up 24.8 per cent of all the cancers that occurred in the lower sigmoid and rectum (within 25 cm of the anorectal junction) in the series.

Colon, Sigmoid↗
PubMed1990

Feasibility of sigmoidoscopic screening for colorectal cancer in the Hunter Region.

The success of a cancer detection programme depends on the co-operation of the target population. The aim of this study was to identify factors which might influence those at average and at higher risk of developing colorectal cancer to undergo a sigmoidoscopic screening test if offered. This was addressed by means of a household survey of individuals aged 40 years and over. Overall consent to undergo screening approximated 45%. There was a significant relationship between agreement to sigmoidoscopy and each of the following: age, marital status, educational level attained, and a previous episode of rectal bleeding. Individuals who had undergone sigmoidoscopy in the past were less willing to have the test performed again. Although individuals with a family history of bowel cancer in first-degree relatives perceived themselves as being more likely to develop colorectal cancer, this had no apparent impact on their willingness to have the test. The implications of these findings for community education programmes directed at colorectal cancer are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feasibility of sigmoidoscopic screening for bowel cancer in a primary care setting.

Sigmoidoscopic screening for bowel cancer is controversial because of its debatable efficacy, lack of patient and physician acceptance of the procedure, and uncertainty about its practicality with the large numbers of patients in primary care settings. This study addressed patient acceptance and practicality. During an 18-month period, 75 percent of all patients aged 50 years and greater who were seen for health maintenance accepted sigmoidoscopy. The procedure was integrated into office routines without disrupting other patient care. While compliance with fecal occult blood testing was high (88 percent), sensitivity of this test for neoplastic polyps within reach of the proctosigmoidoscope was low (11 percent). These results suggest that acceptance of sigmoidoscopy by patients seen in family physicians' offices could be greater than has been anticipated.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Rectal biopsy in patients with Crohn's disease. Normal mucosa on sigmoidoscopic examination.

Of 99 patients with Crohn's disease whose rectal segment appeared normal on sigmoidoscopy, there was histologic inflammation in 45% and features characteristic of Crohn's disease in 30% of rectal biopsy specimens. Granulomas were found in 18% of patients, including 13% of those with ileitis, 13% of those with ileocolitis, and 37% of those with colitis. Eleven of the 17 granulomas were small undermarcated microgranulomas. Rectal biopsy specimens are of value to confirm the diagnosis in Crohn's disease and to determine the state of clinical activity even when the sigmoidoscopic appearance is normal.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Sigmoidoscopic reduction of sigmoid volvulus.

Twenty-six patients were treated for a volvulus of the sigmoid colon between January, 1971, and June, 1979. Eight patients had an emergency resection and, although there was a high postoperative morbidity, there were no deaths in this group. An attempt to decompress the volvulus by means of a rigid sigmoidoscope was made in 18 patients. This was successful in 14 patients. Six of these patients suffered a recurrence, and perforation occurred in four patients, three of whom subsequently died. Because of the high risk of perforation, care should be taken with this procedure.

Aged↗