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PubMed1998

The journal "impact factor": a misnamed, misleading, misused measure.

The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), a database publishing company that publishes Current Contents and Science Citation Index, has devised and promulgated what it terms the journal "impact factor." ISI describes this factor as a "measure of the frequency with which the 'average article' in a journal has been cited in a particular year." The factor is a ratio between citations and recent citable published items calculated by dividing the number of all current citations of items published in a journal during the preceding 2 years by the number of articles published in those 2 years by that journal. What, if anything, is wrong with the "impact factor"? There is absolutely nothing incorrect with the calculation of the ratio itself. However, the "impact factor" is misnamed and misleading. Being misnamed and misleading, the "impact factor" has been misused. It is being held out as a measure of the importance of a specific journal article and the journal in which the article appeared. By extension, the "impact factor" is also being misused to gauge the relative importance of individual researchers, research programs, and even the institution hosting the research. We recommend that the term "impact factor" be abolished and that this measure be renamed in keeping with its actual role, that merely of a time-specific "citation rate index" and nothing more. What is currently called the "impact factor" should not be misused to evaluate journals or to validate the scientific relevance of a particular researcher or research program, especially in decisions regarding employment, funding, and tenure.

Bibliometrics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arquivos Brasileiros de Nutrição: a review of scientific research on nutrition in Brazil from 1944 to 1968].

This study reviews 209 original articles published in the journal Arquivos Brasileiros de Nutrição (1944/1968), a periodical edited by Josué de Castro, physician, specialist in nutrition, and founder-director of the Institute of Nutrition at the University of Brazil (now the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro). Our methodology was based on quantitative and qualitative analyses, aimed at summarizing both the topic itself and the authors' backgrounds. Results showed that 134 of the articles (64%) adopted a biological perspective to nutrition, mostly focusing on laboratory research concerning the chemical composition and nutritional value of Brazilian foodstuffs. On the other hand, 75 articles (36%) took a social perspective, testifying to the first efforts by Brazilian nutritional experts to create and improve specific methodological tools for investigating our population's nutritional conditions, thereby helping to consolidate the field of nutrition in the country.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Systematization of the knowledge of tropical medicine through its technical and scientific flow].

Through the analysis of different scientific-investigative and scientific-informative parameters it is attempted the approach and suggestion of solutions to the problems of bibliographic dispersion in tropical medicine. To this purpose, the work performed in determining the degree of development of the main investigative and development trends at an international scale is exposed. The production of information by countries and continents as well as the main periodic and serial (journals) publications and languages with the highest diffusion in tropical medicine are analyzed. The value of the bibliographic dispersion coefficient in tropical medicine is pointed out, and it is compared to other branches and specialties within biomedical sciences.

Americas↗
PubMed1997

Information needs of rural health professionals: a retrospective use study.

To explore the information needs of rural health professionals, a retrospective study was undertaken of 1,224 document delivery requests made during the course of three outreach projects in west and central Illinois. The 547 unique journals from which the articles were requested were analyzed for frequency of request, subject content, and inclusion on core lists. These rural health professionals were found to request current information on a wide range of topics in clinical medicine, nursing, health administration, allied health, social sciences, and basic sciences. While 10% of the titles filled 37% of the requests, 58% of the titles were requested once and filled 26% of the requests. A high correlation with Abridged Index Medicus and Brandon/Hill list titles was found, but titles from either of these lists could fill no more than 30% of the total requests. Besides demonstrating the complex information needs of rural health professionals and depicting the difficulty of building a collection to support them, the study exemplifies a method for need-based journal collection development and begins to identify titles commonly requested in a rural health setting.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1997

A use study of speech pathology and audiology periodicals at Illinois State University.

No core list of periodicals exists for speech pathology and audiology. Faced with the prospect of having to cancer periodicals for all subjects, the science librarians at Illinois State University decided to determine which science periodicals were used most heavily. A one-year study of science periodical reshelving and interlibrary loan requests yielded ranked lists of periodicals important to speech pathology and audiology faculty and students at Illinois State University. The three most heavily used journals were the Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, ASHA, and Topics in Language Disorders. Most of the periodicals on the lists were indexed by either MEDLINE or UnCover, or by both. While the lists of journals developed in the study are not sufficient to serve as true core lists, they should be useful to libraries supporting comparable programs in speech pathology and audiology.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1997

Identifying peer-reviewed journals in clinical medicine.

BACKGROUND: Two directories that contain information about serials also offer lists of thousands of journals identified as peer-reviewed. Librarians generally regard these lists as authoritative. OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical medicine journals on both peer-reviewed lists, measure the extent of discrepancies between these two lists, and determine the cause for these discrepancies. DESIGN: Comparison study. MEASUREMENTS: The extent of the discrepancies were tallied once the author had attempted to control for all extraneous variables. Interviews with the editorial staffs of each directory in regard to procedures for compiling the directories did not produce an explanation for these discrepancies. RESULTS: Nearly half (46%) of the 784 clinical medicine journals were unique to either one directory's list of peer-reviewed journals or the other's, indicating significant discrepancies between the two directories. Specifically, The Serials Directory listed 211 (27%) unique titles and Ulrich's International Periodicals Directory listed 150 (19%) unique titles (total unique titles = 46%). Both directories listed 423 of the same titles (54%). CONCLUSION: Widespread confusion about the actual identities of peer reviewed clinical medicine journals appears to explain the discrepancies between lists in these two periodical directories.

Data Collection↗