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Results for “Self-Help Groups”

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PubMed1975

[Youth work with the disabled--a contribution to social rehabilitation (author's transl)].

It is particularly the disabled children and adolescents who suffer most from marginal group life in our society. For a sound social and emotional development they need interaction with their peers. Youth group activities as carried out in the Federal Republic of Germany, for instance by the Georgspfadfinder, provide the disabled young people with living space which enable them to train social skills and come to terms with the environment. These wide-ranging, common activities can help to change the attitudes of all participants, thus enhancing the process of social integration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Organisational pre-requisites for the improvement of the social integration of disabled children by means of sport (author's transl)].

Physical education of physically handicapped and sensorily imparied children - with its general goals and, especially, its efforts to improve social integration - is understood as an essential part of rehabilitation. The pre-requisites, possibilities and limits of setting up sports teams are discussed on the basis of the types of disabilities suffered by the team members. In addition to homogenous and non-homogenous teams, sports teams should be developed in which the disabled are active alonside the non-disabled. More than ever, sports will be for those disabled who are able to participate - a means of enlarging social contacts. The personality of the sports teacher, who must have a broad knowledge of the methods applied in sports for the disabled, is considered a decisive factor on whom success or failure depends. The given examples are based on experiences gained by the author and his colleagues. The setting up of such sports teams should be followed by new approaches in the clubs and associations activities, as well as in the financing of sports for the disabled. Suggestions are made on how this can be realised.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A summer program for underachieving adolescents.

This paper discusses a Summer Adolescent Program organized for mentally and physically handicapped teenagers with potential for a moderate level ofindependence, but lacking in self-help, socialization, and mobility skills, and prevocational readiness. The purpose of the seven-week program is to provide a practical, activity-oriented setting where teens can capitalize on existing skills, and learn and practice new skills. Program content includes assembly project, personal care and cooking units, recreation, interaction groups, and parent participation. Evaluations are based on objectives formulated for each adolescent at the beginning of the program and on staff ratings of contacts with each youngster.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

Telecommunication performance of persons with hearing handicap in relation to speech reception threshold.

This study is concerned with the ability of hearing-impaired persons to perceive speech via the telephone and in particular with the possible benefit gained by the use of different kinds of auxiliary equipment (receiver amplifier, extra watch receiver, hearing aid in telemagnetic or microphone position, so-called combined amplifier, and combinations of these). In 203 hard-of-hearing subjects, grouped according to the speech reception threshold (SRT) of the better ear, the efficiency of the devices under test was investigated at two different line attenuations, one representing a good telephone connection and one representing a rather poor connection. It is concluded that persons with a slight hearing impairment (SRT:0--25 dB in the better ear) are able to use the telephone without special devices. The same applies to the majority of those with moderate hearing impairment (SRT:30--45 dB). For persons having a more severe hearing loss, a telephone with a receiving amplifier, or the individual hearing aid combined with the ordinary telephone set, can largely compensate for difficulties experienced when using the telephone. To complete the experiments, the audibility of a number of telephone bells was assessed. The bell in the standard set had low audibility for all the investigated groups of persons. Some of the other sound sources offered somewhat less difficulty.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Improvement of medication compliance in uncontrolled hypertension.

38 hypertensive Canadian steelworkers who were neither compliant with medications nor at goal diastolic blood-pressure six months after starting treatment were allocated either to a control group or to an experimental group who were taught how to measure their own blood-pressures, asked to chart their home blood-pressures and pill taking, and taught how to tailor pill taking to their daily habits and rituals; these men were also seen fortnightly by a highschool graduate with no formal health professional training who reinforced the experimental manoeuvres and rewarded improvements in compliance and blood-pressure. Six months later, average compliance had fallen by 1.5% in the control group but rose 21.3% in the experimental group. Blood-pressures fell in 17 of 20 experimental patients (to goal in 6) and in 10 of 18 control patients (to goal in 2).

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed2026

Efficacy of smartphone- and bibliotherapy-delivered multicomponent lifestyle medicine interventions for probable depression: A three-arm randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: This study examined the efficacy of smartphone- (AG) and bibliotherapy-delivered (BG) lifestyle medicine (LM) interventions compared with a waitlist control group (WLG) in reducing depressive symptoms. METHODS: A total of 122 adults with probable depression were randomized to AG (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;41), BG (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;40), or WLG (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;41). AG and BG received the same core 8-week multicomponent LM intervention via a smartphone application or booklets, respectively. The core content included lifestyle psychoeducation, physical activity, diet and nutrition, stress and sleep management, goal-setting, and motivational techniques. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and immediate post-intervention (Week 9) in all groups, with 1-month (Week 13) and 3-month (Week 21) follow-ups conducted in the intervention groups only. RESULTS: At Week 9, AG (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.89) and BG (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.64) showed significantly greater reductions in depressive symptoms than WLG, with within-group improvements maintained at 1- and 3-month follow-ups (ps&#xa0;<.001, d&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.77-0.96). Clinically significant improvement was achieved by 78% of AG and 55% of BG participants, both significantly higher than WLG (19.5%; ps&#xa0;<.001). Compared with WLG, both interventions yielded greater improvements in overall lifestyle and physical activity (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.59-0.91) at Week 9. The AG showed additional benefits for perceived stress, health responsibility, nutrition, spiritual growth, and stress management (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.58-0.73), whereas BG uniquely improved insomnia symptoms (d&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.83). CONCLUSION: Smartphone- and bibliotherapy-delivered LM interventions are efficacious for managing probable depression. Further RCTs comparing them with established treatments are warranted.

Humans↗