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Results for “Schizophrenic Language”

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PubMed2000

Contextual insensitivity in schizophrenic language processing: evidence from lexical ambiguity.

The authors investigated whether contextual failures in schizophrenia are due to deficits in the detection of context or the inhibition of contextually irrelevant information. Eighteen schizophrenia patients and 24 nonpsychiatric controls were tested via a cross-modal semantic priming task. Participants heard sentences containing homonyms and made lexical decisions about visual targets related to the homonyms' dominant or subordinate meanings. When sentences moderately biased subordinate meanings (e.g., the animal enclosure meaning of pen), schizophrenia patients showed priming of dominant targets (e.g., paper) and subordinate targets (e.g., pig). In contrast, controls showed priming only of subordinate targets. When contexts strongly biased subordinate meanings, both groups showed priming only of subordinate targets. The results suggest that inhibitory deficits rather than context detection deficits underlie contextual failures in schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Language in schizophrenic patients].

The author tries to analyze the results of research on schizophrenics language during the last thirty years. The almost permanent contradictions of these results leads the author to the conclusion that there is no evidence for a basic disturbance in schizophrenic language. Two hypothesis are proposed to explain the contradictory results 1) the exclusively clinical definition of schizophrenia is of minimal utility as a frame-work for psychometric and linguistic research programs. 2) psychometric and linguistic tests seem to have no reliability to elucidate a phenomenea as complex as the verbal expression of the schizophrenic.

Association↗
PubMed1997

Schizophrenia as failure of hemispheric dominance for language.

Schizophrenic illnesses occur with approximately the same incidence in all human populations with a characteristic distribution (slightly earlier in males) of ages of onset. Given that the predisposition (which presumably is genetic) is associated with a procreative disadvantage why do such illnesses persist? Here it is suggested that these conditions are a manifestation of genetic diversity in the evolution of the specifically human characteristic of language, an innovation that has occurred by a process of progressive hemispheric specialization-the establishment of dominance for some critical component of language in one or the other hemisphere. Individuals who develop schizophrenic symptoms show lesser anatomical and functional asymmetries than the population as a whole; such symptoms may reflect 'dominance failure' for language.

Dominance, Cerebral↗
PubMed1979

Schizophrenic thought disorders: bizarre associations and intermingling.

The authors assessed bizarre verbalizations elicited from 37 schizophrenic and 16 nonschizophrenic patients. Interviews with subjects indicated that much bizarre schizophrenic language results from patients intermingling material from past and current experiences into their verbalizations. This intermingled material comes from many different problem areas rather than one central emotional complex. It does not arise from emotional overresponsiveness, overinvolved thinking, or delusional ideation. Two factors hypothesized as responsible for bizarre schizophrenic language are the schizophrenic's monitoring problems and difficulty maintaining perspective about his own behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Psychopathology and language behavior in schizophrenics.

Verbal samples of 30 schizophrenics were analyzed using the Social Alienation--Personal Disorganization (Schizophrenic) Scale developed by Gottschalk and Gleser (1969). The psychopathological status of all patients had been assessed in a semistandardized interview (Present State Examination, Wing et al., 1974). A relatively close relationship was found between 'productive' or 'plus' symptoms and syndromes of psychosis and the scores on the content analytic scale. On the other hand, no significant relationship existed with the 'minus' symptomatology and no relationship with the 'residual syndrome' and the neurotic syndromes. The Schizophrenic Scale may allow a sufficiently reliable estimate of the degree of psychosis. There was no significant effect attributable to sociodemographic factors and to the course of illness (disregarding the duration of the present hospitalization).

Adult↗