Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SNEEZING”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Intractable sneezing due to IgE-mediated triethanolamine sensitivity.

Sneezing has been commonly recognized as part of the nasal allergic reaction in response to pollen and inhalant allergens; isolated intractable sneezing is an unusual presentation in allergic patients. An 8-yr-old white girl developed intractable sneezing in the fall while walking past an area where fresh roofing tar was being prepared. Her personal and family histories were negative for allergic disease or symptoms. Positive physical findings were boggy nasal mucosa; pollen and inhalant skin tests were negative. Response to topical cromolyn and beclomethasone administered intranasally was only partial; antihistamines were little help. Upon careful review of history, exposure to clothes washed in Miracle White Laundry Soil and Stain Remover correlated to symptoms; removal from clothing by extensive washing relieved the sneezing, which recurred upon exposure. Prick test was positive to triethanolamine at 10(7)M to 10(-4)M and not to other ingredients of this product. Investigation demonstrated dose-dependent leukocyte histamine release (25% to 27% specific release) to triethanolamine (10(-4)M to 10(-7)M); this release (50% at 10(-5)M) was inhibited by preincubation with cromolyn sodium (5 X 10(-6)M). Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was demonstrated to triethanolamine (10(-7)M to 10(-4)M); specific IgE to triethanolamine was demonstrated by polystyrene tube radioimmunoassay. Controls had no histamine release or specific IgE. Thus exposure to triethanolamine caused IgE-mediated intractable sneezing.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Influence of vagal afferents in the sneeze reflex in cats.

We studied the effects of bilateral vagotomy and step pulmonary inflations (5, 10, 15 mmHg, i.e., 0.66, 1.33, 2 kKPa) on sneeze reflex in ketamine-anaesthetized cats. Bilateral vagotomy lengthens the duration of preparatory inspiration and diminishes the amplitude of expiratory activities in sneeze. In contrast, 5 mmHg pulmonary inflation facilitates the sneeze. It shortens the inspiratory preparation and increases the frequency of sneeze attacks. At 10 mmHg pulmonary inflations, inspiration is inhibited and only expiratory thrust occurs. At 15 mmHg pulmonary inflations, vagal afferent stimulations inhibit the sneeze.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1997

Changes in Fos-like immunoreactivity evoked by maturation of the sneeze reflex triggered by nasal air puff stimulation in kittens.

The sneeze reflex is a valuable tool for exploring the maturation of the respiratory control in the newborn as it alters both inspiratory and expiratory activities. Air puff stimulation of the superior nasal meatus innervated by ethmoidal afferents consistently evokes sneeze in adult cats. Such stimulation evokes only a reinforcement of expiratory activities in newborn kittens. This study demonstrates that the pattern of Fos-like immunoreactivity evoked by nasal stimulation changes during functional maturation of sneeze. Nasal stimulation evoked immunoreactivity (i) in the trigeminal sensory complex, at the levels where nasal afferents project, (ii) in the reticular formation, (iii) in the solitary complex and (iv) in the parabrachial area of mature kittens. The evoked immunoreactivity was the same in newborn kittens as in mature kittens in the projection areas of the nasal primary afferents. Fos response was less than half that in mature kittens in the reticular formation and absent in the solitary complex or the parabrachial area. Sneeze can be elicited from the time when evoked immunoreactivity in the solitary complex and the parabrachial area is above control levels. These data provide evidence that the maturation of sneeze is dependent on the development of central relays allowing peripheral inputs to be integrated by neurons engaged in respiratory control.

Aging↗
PubMed2005

Acute aortic dissection provoked by sneeze: a case report.

The response of the abdominal viscera and the contraction of the intercostal muscles during the respiratory phase of sneezing increases intrathoracic pressure, which may lead to several complications. However, there are no reports in the literature concerning aortic dissection after sneezing. We report a patient in whom the development of dissection was secondary to sneezing, although hypertension was present as a risk factor, and we discuss the relationship between sneezing and aortic dissection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of aortic dissection provoked by sneezing in the literature.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Role of triangularis sterni during coughing and sneezing in dogs.

Studies in mammals have found that during breathing the triangularis sterni (TS) muscle regulates expiratory airflow and the end-expiratory position of the rib cage and furthermore that the respiratory activity of this muscle is influenced by a variety of chemical and mechanical stimuli. To assess the role of the TS during coughing and sneezing, electromyograms (EMGs) recorded from the TS were compared with EMGs of the transversus abdominis (TA) in eight pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. During coughing induced by mechanically stimulating the trachea or larynx (n = 7 dogs), peak EMGs increased from 23 +/- 2 to 74 +/- 5 U (P less than 0.00002) for the TS and from 21 +/- 6 to 66 +/- 4 U (P less than 0.0002) for the TA. During sneezing induced by mechanically stimulating the nasal mucosa (n = 3 dogs), peak EMG of the TS increased from 10 +/- 3 to 66 +/- 7 U (P less than 0.005) and peak EMG of the TA increased from 10 +/- 2 to 73 +/- 7 U (P less than 0.02). For both muscles the shape of the EMG changed to an early peaking form during coughs and sneezes. Peak expiratory airflow during coughs of different intensity correlated more closely with peak TS EMG in three dogs and with peak TA EMG in four dogs; peak expiratory airflow during sneezes of different intensity correlated more closely with peak TS than TA EMG in all three animals. These results suggest that the TS is actively recruited during coughing and sneezing and that different neuromuscular strategies may be utilized to augment expiratory airflow.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effects of hop extracts on nasal rubbing and sneezing in BALB/c mice.

The effects of hop extracts (Humulus lupulus L.) on histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells and human basophilic KU812 cells were studied. Hop water extract (HWE) and XAD-4 50% methanol fraction of HWE (MFH) inhibited histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 at concentrations of 100 and 10 mug/ml, respectively. Almost the same findings were observed with A23187-induced histamine release from KU812 cells. Next, we studied the effects of hop extracts on antigen-induced nasal rubbing and sneezing in sensitized BALB/c mice. HWE caused a significant inhibition of nasal rubbing and sneezing at a dose of 500 mg/kg. MFH also inhibited nasal rubbing and sneezing dose-dependently. A significant difference was observed from 100 mg/kg in nasal rubbing and 200 mg/kg in sneezing. The effects of both extracts became clear after repeated administration. HWE and MFH significantly inhibited both nasal rubbing and sneezing, respectively, after consecutive treatment for 15 d at smaller doses compared with single administration. This finding indicates that the active component of hop is included in MFH, which was absorbed to Amberlite XAD-4 and eluted with 50% methanol. These results clearly demonstrated that hop extracts may be effective in the relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Intractable paroxysmal sneezing.

Intractable paroxysmal sneezing is a rare disease primarily affecting teenage girls. We present the case of a 12-year-old girl who demonstrated the classical features of intractable paroxysmal sneezing of psychogenic origin. Most of the reported cases are psychogenic in origin, but a number of other conditions may cause intractable paraoxysmal sneeze. Apart from a detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations, topical nasal anaesthesia should be tried for control of symptoms--that will help to differentiate psychogenic sneezing from organic sneezing. A timely diagnosis can avoid unnecessary medical trials, parental anxiety and poor school performance, as most of the patients are very young.

Child↗
PubMed2002

How often do normal persons sneeze and blow the nose?

Rhinitis is defined as an inflammatory disease, but in clinical practice the diagnosis is based on the occurrence of nasal symptoms. As all persons occasionally sneeze and blow the nose, it is necessary to define what is normal. In this study the daily number of sneezes and of nose blowing were recorded in diary-cards over a 14 day period by 80 hospital employees and medical students, who considered themselves not to suffer from rhinitis. The results showed that more than 95% of the normal persons sneezed and blew the nose less than 4 times a day, on average. It is concluded that it is normal to sneeze and blow the nose less than 4 times daily while a higher number can be a sign of rhinitis. It is recommended that counting of sneezes and of nose blowing is used in clinical trials in order to define the study population. Together with an objective measurement of nasal patency this can be useful in defining the effect profile of different types of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Photic sneeze reflex or autosomal dominant compelling helio-ophthalmic outburst syndrome].

Sneeze is an ubiquitous phenomenon that happens to everyone. In spite of this, little attention has been paid to it, among medical literature in general, and even less in neurologic texts. A curious entity, called photic sneeze reflex, solar sneeze reflex, light sneeze reflex or autosomal dominant compelling helio-ophthalmic outburst syndrome, known perhaps since ancient Greek, has been scarcely described in the scientific literature, mainly as clinical notes and letters to the editor, but in a detailed way, we can find just a few reports. This reflex appears when subjects are exposed suddenly to intense sunlight and it consists of long incoercible sneeze bursts. It is usually ignored by its sufferers, who report it as a curiosity or a minor complaint, and its importance has been neglected in spite of its hereditary nature and its apparently high prevalence. We review the history, epidemiology, genetics, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and physiopathology of this reflex hereditary response.

Epidemiology↗
PubMed1994

Sneezing.

Sneezing is a common symptom with numerous causes. Allergic rhinitis is the most common cause of persistent or frequent sneezing. The evaluation of a patient with sneezing should be individualized according to the duration and severity of the symptom. Laboratory tests are not necessary in the majority of patients, since the diagnosis is usually obvious from the history and physical examination. The treatment of persistent or recurring sneezing should be directed at the cause whenever possible. Firm pressure on the nose or lip may be helpful to abort an attack of sneezing.

Common Cold↗
PubMed1993

The photic sneeze reflex as a risk factor to combat pilots.

The tendency to sneeze upon exposure to bright light is autosomal dominant and affects 18-35% of the population. This uncontrolled sneezing may represent a danger to pilots during flight. Testing was conducted using Ditric narrow band (+/- 10 nm) interference filters. Wavelengths at 430, 532, and 560 nm were tested with a GE 500-W photoflood BCA #1 bulb at constant intensity. Subsequent testing of military and civilian aviation goggles and sunglasses was conducted using a Digikrom 240 monochromator. Repeated testing with interference filters in a clinical setting showed no effect on sneezing in a susceptible subject. The photic sneeze reflex does not appear to be mediated by specific wavelengths of light, but rather by the change in light intensity. This could trigger an unexpected sneezing episode during critical periods of flight. This is an unrecognized and previously unreported danger to fixed-wing and rotary aircraft pilots.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1995

Sudden unexpected sneezing during the insertion of peribulbar block under propofol sedation.

The author presents a case report where, following propofol sedation for a peribulbar block, sneezing was induced once the local anaesthetic needle was placed in the orbital cavity. The physiology of sneezing is discussed, as well as the pathophysiology of the ACHOO (Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst) syndrome, an autosomal dominant condition, present in approximately 25% of the population, where sneezing is provoked upon exposure to bright light. It is suggested that the anaesthesia induced by propofol may have sensitized patients with this condition to sneeze, since there appeared to be no other excitatory sequelae which have previously been described with propofol.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Sneeze-induced visual and ocular motor dysfunction.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to describe two neuroophthalmic complications that are related by their temporal association with a sneeze. DESIGN: We describe observational case reports of two patients. METHODS: Both patients were examined, and their conditions were diagnosed and treated according to standard indications for each neuroophthalmic condition. RESULTS: The first case describes a patient who had previously undergone intracranial surgery, including removal of the clivus and later developed a trochlear nerve paresis after a sneeze. The second case describes a patient who repeatedly demonstrates transient decreased perfusion to his right central retinal artery and an associated afferent papillary defect after sneezing. CONCLUSION: The mechanical and hemodynamic forces involved in sneezing are formidable and may cause permanent cranial neuropathy or temporarily alter ocular blood flow in certain patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Low dose clemastine inhibits sneezing and rhinorrhea during the early nasal allergic reaction.

BACKGROUND: Clemastine (1 mg) is currently available over-the-counter for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of half the standard dose of clemastine (0.5 mg) in inhibiting the nasal response to allergen and the cutaneous response to histamine. METHODS: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of 20 allergic subjects out of season. The subjects received placebo or clemastine administered one, four, and six hours before the challenges. Filter paper discs were used both to challenge the nasal mucosa with diluent and allergen and collect generated secretions. Sneezes, secretion weights, nasal and ocular symptoms, and albumin levels in nasal secretions were monitored for the nasal challenge. Intradermal skin testing was performed with diluent followed by histamine and the wheal and flare reactions were measured. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the number of sneezes after clemastine administered one, four, and six hours prior to challenge compared with placebo (P < .01). Clemastine administered four and six hours before challenge reduced sneezing significantly more than clemastine administered one hour before challenge (P < .05). Antigen-induced increases in secretion weights and symptoms of rhinorrhea were significantly reduced compared with placebo only when clemastine was administered four and six hours prior to challenge (P < .05). Pretreatment with clemastine had no significant inhibitory effects on other nasal symptoms or on albumin levels in nasal secretions, an objective index of increased vascular permeability. Pretreatment with clemastine did not inhibit the histamine-induced wheal skin reaction but showed a tendency, when administered six hours prior to the intradermal challenge, to reduce the flare reaction induced by the lowest dose of histamine (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS: The data show that clemastine, given at half the usual dose four and six hours prior to allergen challenge, provides relief for sneezing and rhinorrhea and suggests that this dose might be useful in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of the antihistamine doxylamine succinate in the relief of runny nose and sneezing associated with upper respiratory tract infection.

Antihistamines are widely used in common cold medications, although the role of histamine in the development of common cold symptoms is unclear and the use of antihistamines for the treatment of common cold is controversial. It is clear that antihistamines do not offer a cure for common cold but they may alleviate symptoms of sneezing and runny nose. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of an antihistamine, doxylamine, on the symptoms of runny nose and sneezing associated with common cold. We conducted a randomized double-blind study in cold sufferers. One thousand and one volunteers with cold symptoms were screened in four centres (UK, Denmark, Belgium, Germany) and 688 satisfied the entry criteria of the study. The main reasons for excluding subjects were a low nasal secretion weight (secretion weight < 0.2g, 72%) and a low subjective rhinorrhoea score (24%). Volunteers were randomized to receive either doxylamine succinate 7.5 mg by mouth four times a day up to nine doses (n = 345) or placebo (n = 343). The principal measurements were prospectively defined as runny nose and sneezing symptom scores. Data were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis, using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistics controlling for baseline symptom scores. A between-group comparison showed that doxylamine-treated volunteers benefited from a significantly greater reduction in runny nose scores (P < 0.01) and sneezing scores (P < 0.001), than those volunteers in the placebo group. Doxylamine therapy was well tolerated; the incidence of unexpected side-effects was comparable with placebo. Of the expected side-effects, 13.3% of doxylamine-treated patients reported drowsiness. The incidence of sedative effects was lower than has been reported for other commonly used first-generation antihistamines.

Common Cold↗
PubMed1992

Effect of capsaicin as a neuropeptide-releasing substance on sneezing reflex in a type I allergic animal model.

To elucidate the effect of capsaicin-sensitive nerve fibers, which are known to contain substance P (SP) and other sensory neuropeptides, on the sneezing reflex, we have investigated the effect of capsaicin on this reflex provoked in guinea pigs passively sensitized with anaphylactic antibody followed by specific antigen challenge. It has already been established that histamine released from mast cells is a reliable inducer of the sneezing reflex in type I allergy. Our experimental results indicated that the frequency of sneezing provoked by antigen challenge as well as histamine application was significantly reduced by pretreatment with capsaicin in a dose-dependent fashion. SP is considered to be one of the main neurotransmitters in sensory nerves. When the amount of SP in animal nasal mucosa was measured 12 h after capsaicin treatment, a marked reduction was noted. However, the histamine content in the nasal mucosa was not changed by capsaicin treatment. These data suggest that neuropeptides, especially SP, which are released or depleted from sensory nerves by capsaicin treatment, probably play an important role as neurotransmitters of the stimulant histamine in the development of sneezing in type I allergy.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Intractable psychogenic sneezing: two case reports.

Sneezing is usually the physiologic response to nasal irritation but intractable paroxysmal sneezing is very uncommon. Majority of cases of intractable sneezing are reported among adolescents and are psychogenic in origin. We report two adolescent girls with intractable paroxysmal sneezing in whom the removal of psychogenic stressors resulted incomplete remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sneezing. A review of its causation and pathophysiology].

AIMS: To review some of the lesser known aspects of sneezing, which is a universal phenomenon suffered the world over but which has received little attention in the medical literature and especially by that dealing with neurology. DEVELOPMENT: Here we consider the causation, neurophysiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of this reflex action, which sometimes goes beyond being just a simple ailment of little importance and becomes a sign associated to a series of different medical conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its being such a commonplace occurrence, little is known about sneezing and few studies have been conducted to further our knowledge on the subject. Today there are still reports of cases of pathological sneezers, who often respond poorly to different treatments and for whom this reflex paroxysm becomes both a social and a health problem. Moreover, sneezing is sometimes associated with severe secondary medical sequelae. In contrast, there have also been reports of conditions in which the first symptom was an inability to sneeze. A thorough knowledge of this reflex, its causes and associated phenomena can be a valuable aid in the diagnosis of other concomitant diseases.

Brain Stem↗