Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SAILORS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[The prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases among Kaliningrad sailors].

A total of 597 sailors aged 20-60 years are examined. The prevalence [correction of incidence] of periodontal diseases in this population is 96.7% and of caries 98.5%, the processes notably progressing with age. Analysis of the rate of consultations of Kaliningrad sailors in foreign ports over the period of 1992-1996 showed their total number to be 146, 26.7% of these being consultations for dental diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vitamin C allowance of sailors against a background of qualitatively varied nutrition].

The authors considered the problem on the issue relative to the requirements of sailors in vitamin C during tropical and arctic sailings. The objects of investigations were routine seagoing-dietary and a trial ration elaborated in conformity with the standard requirements in energy and in basic nutrients. Subject to determination were the vitamin C level in the blood and urine and the resistence of the capillaries. It has been found that within the framework of the trial ration the requirement of sailors for vitamin C comprises 100 mg in the Tropics and 150 mg in the Arctics per man/day.

Arctic Regions↗
PubMed2007

Latent tuberculosis infection among sailors and civilians aboard U.S.S. Ronald Reagan--United States, January-July 2006.

Crews aboard ships live and work in crowded, enclosed spaces. Historically, large tuberculosis (TB) outbreaks and extensive transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have occurred on U.S. Navy ships. On July 13, 2006, smear- and culture-positive, cavitary, pulmonary TB was diagnosed in a sailor aboard the aircraft carrier U.S.S. Ronald Reagan; the patient, aged 32 years, had a negative human immunodeficiency virus test. The M. tuberculosis strain cultured was susceptible to all first-line TB medications. The sailor was born in the Philippines, had latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) diagnosed in 1995 shortly after enlisting in the U.S. Navy, and completed the 6-month daily isoniazid course that was standard treatment at that time (current treatment standard is 9 months). This report describes the contact investigation conducted by the U.S. Navy and CDC and demonstrates the importance of timely diagnosis of TB, identification and treatment of new LTBI, and cooperation among local, state, and federal agencies during large contact investigations.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Physiological changes in the blood leukocyte system of sailors].

The complex appreciation of qualitative and quantitative changes in leukocyte blood system of sailors was performed. After short cruise there were moderate deviations of several hematological indexes that determine the dependency between quantity of leukocytes in peripheral blood and their functional characteristics. The biggest deviation of indexes, that testifies about metabolic changes comes to 9-14%, and immunobiological changes-up to 20-33%. After middle cruise the deviation comes to 15-23% (intracellular metabolism), and to 39-54% (immunobiological changes). After long cruise-up to 18-23% (intracellular metabolism) and 45-65% (immunobiological changes). The application of this methodical approach may widen the possibilities of the medical control over the health of sailors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[HTLV-I infection in sailors who travel to sub-Saharan West Africa].

In order to assess if HTLV-1 retrovirus had penetrated in a group of sailors that often travel to endemic areas for HTLV-1 infection (West coast of sub-Saharan Africa) we have performed the following study. A total of 499 sera samples from sailors traveling to Africa during the last five years were studied. The presence of HTLV-1 antibodies was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, Dupont HTLV-1). Positive ELISA test results were further confirmed using a Western blot technique. In all patients the presence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies was also tested using ELISA and Western blot techniques. Using ELISA we find 7 positive sera to HTLV-1 (1.4%) but only one sera sample (0.2%) was also positive by Western blot analysis. We conclude that HTLV-1 infection is entering a population group traveling to endemic areas. The possibility of heterosexual transmission of the virus in our environment has to be taken into account.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Specific work processes in sailors of the Arctic navy at "ice moorages" and their effect on various body systems].

A complex clinico-physiologic study of the functional state of sailors engaged in loading and discharge works at high latitudes during winter navigation period helped to establish the impact of climatic and occupational processes on the state of cardiovascular, respiratory, central nervous, immune, thermoregulatory and muscular systems of the examined sailors.

Arctic Regions↗
PubMed1985

Emotional disorders of sailors in stress situations during long yachting voyages.

28 sailors, members of the six crews who took part in long voyages round the world, including the Cape Horn passage, were put by the author under examination. In the group examined there were found following psychopathological disorders: depressive syndromes, asthenic states, neurosis syndromes and perception disturbances and in one case--a psychotic state. The disorders mentioned above were short-lived and did not cause serious disturbances. The etiology of the psychopathological disturbances occurring in the sailors during long voyages is complex and is a resultant of many factors: social isolation, deprivation of needs, change of the way of life, navigational and meteorological conditions and motivational and personality factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The fate of a military sailor].

We present the social and medical history of a Danish war sailor in the merchant navy during the 2nd World War. He was exposed to severe sustained mental stress without a simultaneous physical stress. After about 60 hospital admissions to the hospital he was diagnosed as having a full-blown war sailor syndrome, equivalent to the DSM-III diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Prevalence and awareness of tinea pedis in Italian sailors.

BACKGROUND: It is difficult to carry out studies on the prevalence of tinea pedis in the community. Some studies are performed on selected groups of subjects, exposed to the same risk factors, i.e. schoolchildren, public bathers, athletes and military men. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to detect in a sample of military men the prevalence of tinea pedis and the awareness of their condition, and to relate the infection to risk factors of the group as well. METHODS: 410 male Italian navy cadets in an Italian navy petty officers school were clinically examined and mycological cultures were performed, employing the skin scrapings obtained from suspected lesions. RESULTS: Dermatophytes were isolated from toe clefts in 10 subjects, giving a point prevalence of 2.4% (95% confidence interval 1.3-4.4%). The isolated dermatophytes were Trichophyton mentagrophytes (70%), Trichophyton rubrum (20%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (10%). None of the subjects was aware of his disease. No significant association was observed between tinea pedis and risk factors (i.e. hyperhidrosis and habits). CONCLUSION: The prevalence in our sample was lower than that observed in previous studies on military men. That can be attributed to the general amelioration of hygienic conditions and strengthening of preventive habits. Therefore the prevalence of tinea pedis in Italian sailors seems to be reduced but still rather relevant. That is important because these subjects are a reservoir of ringworm infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

War Sailor syndrome.

One third of the Norwegian sailors in the merchant navy, who survived World War II, are today disabled and on invalid pension. The majority suffer from a syndrome which is very similar to that present in the concentration camp survivors. The syndrome falls into two parts, the one consisting of non-neurotic anxiety repeating the terrors of war time, the other being a brain-organic one. This last part has in a few cases been confirmed by neuroradiology and neuropsychology. This is taken as an indicator that prolonged stress, as constant fear of death, may cause brain damage without physical trauma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Melioidosis in a diabetic sailor.

Melioidosis was diagnosed in a diabetic sailor who presented with a history and chest radiograph that suggested tuberculosis. Melioidosis is a tropical disease with protean manifestations: from asymptomatic infection to chronic cavitary lung disease to overwhelming sepsis. The diagnosis is easily made, even in nonendemic areas when duly considered by the clinicians and microbiology laboratory. Ceftazidime has dramatically improved outcomes in hospitalized patients with severe melioidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Wounding patterns for U.S. Marines and sailors during Operation Iraqi Freedom, major combat phase.

This investigation examined the wounds incurred by 279 U.S. Navy-Marine personnel (97% Marines and 3% sailors) identified as wounded in action during Operation Iraqi Freedom, from March 23 through April 30, 2003. The goal was to assess the potential impact of each causative agent by comparing the differences in anatomical locations, types of injuries caused, and medical specialists needed to treat the casualties. The overall average number of diagnoses per patient was 2.2, and the overall average number of anatomical locations was 1.6. The causative agents were classified into six major categories, i.e., small arms, explosive munitions, motor vehicle accidents, falls, weaponry accidents, and other/unknown. Explosive munitions and small arms accounted for approximately three of four combat-related injuries. Upper and lower extremities accounted for approximately 70% of all injuries, a percentage consistent for battlefield injuries since World War II.

Blast Injuries↗
PubMed2002

Long-distance air evacuation of blast-injured sailors from the U.S.S. Cole.

BACKGROUND: The U.S. military uses a Critical Care Air Transport Team (CCATT) to air evacuate critically ill patients to facilities that can provide definitive medical care. CCATT is comprised of highly trained personnel and each team uses specialized equipment to allow for in-flight intensive medical care of patients. CCATT has the capability of providing care over long duration and distance. This report describes our recent experience of long-distance fixed-wing medical air evacuation of multiple critically ill sailors with blast injuries from the U.S.S. Cole. CONCLUSION: CCATTs can safely transport multiple critical patients with blast injuries over long distance and duration by fixed-wing aircraft. Blast injuries can have multi-system effects and patients with subclinical pulmonary injury may be asymptomatic when hypoxemic in a hypobaric environment.

Air Ambulances↗
PubMed2004

Linear and non-linear parameters of heart rate variability during static and dynamic exercise in a high-performance dinghy sailor.

The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is recognized as a powerful non-invasive tool to evaluate the influence of autonomic nervous system on the heart and the heart-brain interaction. It is well-known that relatively high HRV is correlated to health condition while low HRV corresponds to cardiovascular disease or could be caused by mental stress, depression or exercise. In order to investigate heart-brain interaction we compare linear and non linear parameters calculated from HRV signals recorded in the same subject at similar heart rate (HR) values, during two different conditions, i.e. static exercise during sailing and dynamic exercise on cycloergometer. In the study, performed in one high-performance would class dinghy sailor, the HR was recorded at rest and during the two types of exercise. For the analysis, tachogram tracts with similar HR values were considered. The power spectral densities in very-low, low (LF) and high (HF) frequency bands were evaluated as well as the LF/HF ratio, the two standard deviations (SD1 and SD2) of the Poincaré plot, the beta values and the fractal dimension (FD). The results indicate a decrease of HRV, LF, HF, SD1 and SD2 parameters, as well as an increase of beta and FD during both types of exercise compared to rest. However, the higher values of LF, LF/HF ratio and SD2 as well as the lower value of FD in upwind sailing in comparison to dynamic exercise on cycloergometer, at similar HR, suggest a different sympatho-vagal modulation on cardiac function and therefore a different heart-brain interaction in these isometric and isotonic exercises.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Asthenic disorders in sailors during long sea voyages].

The peculiarities of asthenic disorders formation in sailors under long-lasting sail were shown to depend on prevalent extremal factors. Clinico-psychopathological and psychological investigation allowed the author to single out 4 groups of asthenia (psychogenic, psychosomatic+, somatogenic and cerebrogenic). Nonpathological premorbid and morbid variants are described with the course of their psychological and autonomic indices. The data can be used for professional selection to detect groups at high risk of neurotic disorders and for designing the differentiated system of prevention and correction.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1989

[Physical work capacity and ergometric indicators of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in sailors].

Examination of 194 sailors during the navigation period showed a decrease in their work capacity and deterioration of ergometric indices characterizing their cardiovascular activity. Decrease of chrono- and inotropic heart reserves, productivity of mechanical work and myocardium contraction function was pointed out. There were found out reduction in work economy and elevation of energy losses, the degree of which was associated with environmental conditions, work intensity and duration of continuous work.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tinea pedis in young sailors].

Results of a 3 year long-term study concerning tinea pedis in 240 18 year-old males are reported. Clinical monitoring revealed tinea pedis in 25% of the rural population (dermatologically manifest in 7%) and 66.6% of the examined seamen (manifest in 45%). The presence of Trichophyton interdigitale outweighted T. rubrum by 3-4:1. During the sailors' 1st year the relationship of the foregoing is 1:1-1.35; in the 2nd and 3rd years frequencies of 1:2.3, or rather 1:3.5, are observed. Epidemio-genetic factors of dermatophyte-host-environment are discussed for seafaring and non-seafaring conditions. The relationship between atopic dermatitis and athlete's foot is also considered.

Adolescent↗