Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Rhamnus”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Identification of anthocyanins in Rhamnus alaternus L. berries.

Anthocyanin composition in berries of Rhamnus alaternus L., a perennial wild shrub typical of the Mediterranean area, was determined for the first time. The pigments were extracted from the berries with 0.1% HCl in methanol and purified using a C-18 solid-phase cartridge. High-performance liquid chromatography diode array detection-mass spectrometry analysis showed that delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside represented about 62.4% of the total pigments. Other anthocyanins were 3-O-rutinoside derivatives of cyanidin (8.4%), petunidin (15.8%), pelargonidin (4.7%), and peonidin and malvidin (8.7%). The concomitant presence of the six most common anthocyanidins suggested that R. alaternus berries, besides being a good pigment source, could also be a useful tool for anthocyanin identification.

Anthocyanins↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on isolation, purification and structure of NLC-A of Rhamnus heterophyllus].

A water-soluble glucan, NLC-A, from the roots of Rhamnus heterophyllus Olive was obtained as a homogeneous component as determined by HPLC. NLC-A was shown to compose of D-glucose, and its MW was estimated to be 1.2 x 10(4). Methylation analysis, peroxidation analysis, Smith degradation and reaction with I2-KI showed that NLC-A is a (1----4) linked alpha-D-glucan to which are attached glucosyl side chains at 0-6 of the glucosyl residues of the main chain.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

Frangulin B, an antagonist of collagen-induced platelet aggregation and adhesion, isolated from Rhamnus formosana.

Emodin and its glycoside frangulin B were isolated from the plant Rhamnus formosana. Emodin inhibited the aggregation of rabbit platelets induced by arachidonic acid and collagen, without affecting that by ADP or PAF, while emodin acetate had no any antiplatelet effect. Frangulin B inhibited selectively and concentration-dependently collagen-induced aggregation and ATP release in rabbit platelets, without affecting those induced by arachidonic acid, ADP, PAF and thrombin. Frangulin B also inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by trimucytin which was reported to be a collagen receptor agonist isolated from Trimeresurus muscrosquamatus snake venom. The aggregability of platelets inhibited by frangulin B could be recovered after washing the platelets. Frangulin B also selectively suppressed the thromboxane B2 formation caused by collagen, but not those by arachidonic acid and thrombin. Similarly, the formation of inositol phosphate caused by collagen was also suppressed by frangulin B, while that of PAF or thrombin was not affected. In the presence of PGE1, frangulin B also decreased Mg(2+)-dependent platelet adhesion to collagen. It is concluded that frangulin B may be an antagonist of collagen receptor in platelet membrane.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Antihypertensive action of a procyanidin glycoside from Rhamnus lycioides.

The antihypertensive action of a procyanidin glycoside isolated from Rhamnus lycioides aerial parts was studied in spontaneously and renal hypertensive rats. This compound, like 20 micrograms/kg i.v. of captopril, produced a very clear in vivo inhibition of angiotensin I converting enzyme when given at a dose of 3 mg/kg i.v.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1997

Occupational respiratory allergic disease induced by Passiflora alata and Rhamnus purshiana.

BACKGROUND: There has been an increase in the incidence of occupational asthma along with better understanding of its pathophysiologic mechanisms and etiologic factors. There are no reports of patients with asthma and rhinitis to Passiflora alata (passion flower) and Rhamnus purshiana (cascara sagrada). METHODS: We describe two substances of plant origin as causal agents of occupational allergic respiratory diseases in a patient who worked in a pharmacy devoted to the manual preparation of products. RESULTS: Skin testing and Western blot confirmed the sensitization of the patient to these plant extracts in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Bronchial challenge confirmed the cause-effect relationship between the allergen exposure and the diseases. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that Passiflora and cascara sagrada are two new etiologic agents of IgE-mediated occupational asthma and rhinitis. The present study also serves to alert physicians to the risks associated with work in pharmacies devoted to manual preparation of plant extracts, emphasizing the importance of the use of protective measures in these environments.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Cytotoxicity of Rhamnosylanthraquinones and Rhamnosylanthrones from Rhamnus nepalensis.

An extract of the fruits of Rhamnus nepalensis collected in Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam, was cytotoxic to KB cells. A bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of a series of known anthraquinones and anthrones, one new rhamnosylanthraquinone, 3'-O-acetylfrangulin A (8), several new rhamnosylanthrones, the prinoidin-emodin bianthrones (9A-D), the prinoidin bianthrones (10A,B), and the rhamnepalins (11A-C). A structure-cytotoxic activity relationship study was performed on these isolates and some semisynthetic derivatives.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Novel antiplatelet naphthalene from Rhamnus nakaharai.

A new naphthalene derivative, isotorachrysone [1], was isolated from the stem bark of Rhamnus nakaharai along with several known compounds. The antiplatelet effects of isotorachrysone [1], isotorachrysone peracetate [2], 6-methoxysorigenin [3], quercetin 3-O-methyl ether [4], and quercetin 3-O-methyl ether peracetate [5] were studied using washed rabbit platelets. Of the compounds tested, 1, 2, 4, and 5 showed potent antiplatelet effects on arachidonic acid (AA-) and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Compound 5 also showed potent antiplatelet effects on platelet-activating factor-(PAF-) induced platelet aggregation. Isotorachrysone [1] and its peracetate [2] were also studied for antiplatelet activity in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and both showed potent inhibition of the secondary aggregation induced by epinephrine. The antiplatelet effects of 1 and 2 are due partially to an inhibitory effect on thromboxane formation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rhamnus cathartica (buckthorn) hepatocellular toxicity in mice.

The toxicity of the plant Rhamnus cathartica was assessed in mice after the plant was identified as a potential cause of an idiopathic neurologic disease in horses. Another member of the Rhamnaceae family, Karwinskia humboldtiana, is neurotoxic to mammals and birds and can induce hepatic degeneration and necrosis. To investigate the toxicity of R. cathartica, a 34-day feeding trial in mice was conducted using a complete rodent diet with 0, 5, or 25% added R. cathartica. No clinical signs or gross lesions were seen, and all major tissues were histologically normal except the liver. The livers of mice fed R. cathartica had marked hepatocellular swelling. Results from periodic acid-Schiff reaction staining and from electron microscopy confirmed that the swelling was due to deposits of monoparticulate glycogen (beta particles) in the cytoplasm. Glycogen deposition is an uncommon toxic change in cells. Apparently, compound(s) in R. cathartica directly or indirectly interfered with glycogen metabolism (either glycogenesis or glycogenolysis). Mechanistic and chronicity studies with R. cathartica are needed to investigate the pathophysiology of the glycogen disturbance and to determine if hepatic injury progresses and if other organs will be injured.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1993

Studies on the constituents of Turkish plants. I. Flavonol triglycosides from the fruit of Rhamnus thymifolius.

Two new flavonol glycosides have been isolated from the fruit of Turkish Rhamnus thymifolius (Rhamnaceae) and their structures were elucidated as kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->3)-(4-O-acetyl)-O-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside and kaempferol-4'-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->3)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->6)-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside based on spectral and chemical evidence.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor inhibitors. 114. Aloe emodin: antileukemic principle isolated from Rhamnus frangula L.

A systematic fractionation of an ethanol-water (1:1) extract of the seeds of Rhamnus frangula L., guided by assays for tumore-inhibitory activity, led to the isolation of aloe emodin (1). This compound was found to show significant antileukemic activity against the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice. A note-worthy vehicle-dependence of the testing results is reported. In the light of this vehicle-dependence, the re-examination of other anthraquinone derivatives is recommended.

Aloe↗