Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Respiratory System Abnormalities”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Is there a place for rigid bronchoscopy in the management of pediatric lung disease?

A review of 364 rigid bronchoscopies in children is presented of whom 55% were younger than 3 years old. The commonest diagnoses in the under 1 year old group were related to congenital anomalies, in the 1-3 year group to inhaled foreign bodies, and in the over 3 year group to bronchiectasis. It is noted that some 30-40% of the tests could have been undertaken with a flexible bronchoscope, but it is suggested that the advantages of the flexible instrument in children with lung disease, as distinct from upper airway disease, are less than in adult practice. Clear benefits for the management of the patient should be obvious before undertaking bronchoscopy in children, and careful consideration should be given to the type of instrument most likely to provide the results desired.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The epidemiology of neonatal respiratory disease.

The epidemiology of many conditions affecting the newborn infant is influenced by the health of the mother, prematurity and the effects of medical and obstetric management. In this review we have considered the role of each of these factors in seven respiratory conditions presenting in the newborn infant.

Apnea↗
PubMed2005

Imaging evolution of airway disorders in children.

This article discusses and illustrates the insights gained from CT imaging of the lungs in infants and young children who do not have respiratory motion and at end-inspiratory and resting end-expiratory lung volumes using noninvasive controlled ventilation CT technique. The potential role of noninvasive controlled ventilation CT in developing quantitative measures of airway disease is highlighted and clinical examples demonstrating the use of the technique are shown.

Bronchography↗
PubMed1999

Feline respiratory diseases.

Respiratory diseases in kittens can quickly result in life-threatening emergencies if not identified and managed early. Congenital anomalies of young cats are extremely uncommon. Viral respiratory infections in the cat are primarily caused by feline herpesvirus type 1 and feline calicivirus. Primary bacterial respiratory infections occur sporadically in cats. Bordetella bronchiseptica may cause severe respiratory signs in young kittens.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Upper airway diseases and airway management: a synopsis.

This article summarizes some of the more important upper airway conditions likely to affect airway management. A number of upper airway conditions may present difficult challenges to the anesthesiologist. For instance, infected airway structures may lead to partial airway obstruction, stridor, or even complete airway obstruction. Partial airway obstruction may be mild, as in snoring or nasal congestion, or may be more severe, perhaps requiring the use of airway adjuncts, such as a nasopharyngeal airway. Complete airway obstruction is usually managed by prompt intubation, but surgical airways are sometimes needed as a last resort.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2002

Clinical findings and resource use of infants and toddlers dependent on oxygen and ventilators.

Medical records were reviewed to describe characteristics, report clinical and resource measures, and determine if differences exist between the diagnostic groups of prematurity and multiple congenital anomalies/neurologic conditions for initial admissions of 37 infants and toddlers to an inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. More than 75% of the children had a tracheostomy at admission and discharge. Forty-six percent of the sample was admitted requiring only oxygen, whereas 51% were discharged requiring only oxygen and not mechanical ventilation. Thirty percent of the children weaned to a less invasive mode of ventilation while just under half of the children were discharged home. Between-group comparisons indicated statistically significant differences for nutritional support at discharge (p < or = 0.05) and discharge disposition (p = 0.04). Complete weaning of oxygen or ventilator support during an initial inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation admission occurred less frequently than weaning to a less invasive mode of ventilation. This is an important consideration for referring children to rehabilitation programs, for clinical program improvement activities, and for setting realistic expectations for referral sources, patients and families, clinical staff, and payers. Further study is recommended using clinical data in program planning, in program improvements, and for setting outcome expectations for infants and toddlers dependent on pulmonary technology.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Congenital hydrocephalus--analysis of 49 cases.

The causes of congenital hydrocephalus vary widely and have an important effect in determining the future counseling of affected cases. We analyzed the postmortem findings of 49 autopsies diagnosed as hydrocephalus to find the causes and related conditions. The cases were collected during the last 10 years (1981-1990). The cases consisted of 25 cases associated with various congenital malformations of the central nervous system (CNS), 14 cases of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, 4 cases of postinfection hydrocephalus, and 2 cases of hydranencephaly. Four cases were associated with supracerebellar arachnoid cyst (1) and unknown causes (3). Twenty-five cases associated with congenital malformation of the CNS consisted of 10 cases of holotelencephaly, 5 cases of stenosis of the Sylvian aqueduct, 4 cases of agenesis of the corpus callosum, and 3 cases each of Dandy-Walker malformation and Arnold-Chiari malformation. Various malformations of other organs were associated with these cases. Cardiovascular malformations were common, consisting of 11 cases of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), 7 cases of atrial septal defect (ASD), and 6 cases of patent foramen ovale (PFO). Among the anomalies of the respiratory system, abnormal lobation was commonly associated, as well as hypoplasia of the lung. Gastrointestinal malformations included Meckel's diverticulum, diaphragmatic hernia, mobile intestine, and midline small liver. Cryptorchidism was the most common malformation in the genitourinary system. Holotelencephaly cases showed multiple craniofacial anomalies, as well as other malformations in the central nervous system. Skeletal malformations included polydactyly, simian crease, and flexion deformity. There were no specific constellations of malformations in these different groups of CNS malformations associated with hydrocephalus.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗