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PubMed1989

Quantification of pyuria by two methods correlation and interobserver agreement.

The aim of this study was to correlate the results of two methods of quantifying pyuria and to compare the diagnostic reliability of the two methods in terms of interobserver agreement. Three independent observers counted leucocytes in 56 urine samples by using high-power-field (HPF) microscopy on centrifuged urine sediment and by using a Bürker haemocytometer on uncentrifuged urine. The commonly accepted diagnostic level of ten leucocytes/mm3 in the haemocytometer was found to be equivalent to two leucocytes/HPF. This agrees with other reports but contrasts with the usual notion of a diagnostic level of five to ten leucocytes/HPF, and implies that urinary tract infection in the presence of symptoms should not be ruled out when less than five leucocytes/HPF are found. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate the interobserver agreement. The observers agreed on the diagnosis in 96% (K = 0.92) of the urines when the haemocytometer was used, and in 93-96% (K = 0.81-K = 0.91) when leucocytes were counted per HPF. The differences in Kappa values were not statistically significant. Our material indicates that the method of quantifying pyuria in centrifuged urine sediment by HPF microscopy may be used as the routine method in general practice.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Applicability of leukocyte esterase test strip in detection of canine pyuria.

A commercially available leukocyte esterase assay was evaluated for application in analyzing canine urine for the detection of pyuria. In 229 urine samples, the leukocyte esterase activity was compared with leukocyte concentrations, as assessed by microscopic sediment analysis and chamber cell counts. The leukocyte esterase assay was specific (93.2%) for canine pyuria, but was poorly sensitive (46.0%) and did not appear to be applicable to analysis of canine urine samples.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

First catch urine sediment for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture in adolescent males with pyuria.

Traditionally, only symptomatic males or those with a history of exposure are tested for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Since urethral infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are frequently asymptomatic, a practical, sensitive, and acceptable screening method is desirable. Fifty sexually active males with pyuria (age 13 to 22 years old) diagnosed with 1+ or 2+ leukocyte esterase (LE) dipstick on first catch urine (FCU) were further evaluated by culture of urethral swabs and centrifuged FCU samples for N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis. Eighty-six percent had one or more positive cultures: 17 (34%) N. gonorrhoeae, 18 (36%) C. trachomatis, and 8 (16%) both organisms. FCU culture for N. gonorrhoeae had a 100% sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value when compared to urethral swab cultures. FCU culture for C. trachomatis had a 32% sensitivity, 95% specificity, 89% positive predictive value, and a 53% negative predictive value compared to urethral culture. On the basis of the results of this study, one urethral swab can be eliminated when evaluating male adolescents for urethritis by using spun FCU culture for N. gonorrhoeae. Continued efforts should be made to develop optimal tests to detect STDs which are reliable and encourage compliance in this high-risk group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Leucocyte esterase-nitrite screening method for pyuria and bacteriuria.

The value of the one minute leucocyte esterase-nitrite chemical strips as a screening procedure for detecting appreciable levels of pyuria and bacteriuria was assessed by comparison with microscopy and culture results. The likelihood that a negative leucocyte esterase result indicated less than 10 white cells/cu mm by microscopy (the negative predictive value), was 90.1% and that a negative nitrite result indicated less than 10(5) organisms/ml was 91.3%. There were many false positive results with both tests, however, and the overall predictive value of a positive leucocyte esterase or nitrite test, or both, was low. The leucocyte esterase-nitrite strip was neither sufficiently sensitive nor specific enough to be used as a cost effective method for screening urines in the laboratory.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1990

[Two case reports of hydronephroureterosis associated with complete double pelvis-ureter accompanied by pyuria and hematuria].

We report two cases of hydronephroureterosis of the upper moiety in the complete duplex kidney disclosed by urological examination for pyuria and hematuria. The first case was in a 64-year old female and the second case was in a 68-year old female. Urinary incontinence was not seen in either case. Heminephrectomy was performed because the upper moiety was non-functioning and the upper ureter opened at the vesical neck in these cases. The postoperative course was uneventful.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fastidious bacteriuria and pyuria.

Mid stream specimens of urine that showed pyuria or bacteriuria on direct microscopy and no bacterial growth on initial routine culture were collected from 346 patients. These specimens were cultured for the presence of fastidious organisms using two different test systems. One system used non selective media and the other used selective media. Any fastidious organism isolated was identified by standard methods. Lactobacilli were the only fastidious organisms isolated in significant numbers. Using comparable test systems, equivalent numbers of Lactobacilli were isolated from both test and control group and because of the difficulty in specimen collection, these are to be considered as possible contaminants.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the prevalence of renal disease and hypertension in relation to schistosomiasis. III. Proteinuria, haematuria, pyuria and bacteriuria in the rural community of Nigeria.

Midstream specimen of urine was collected from the total population of two rural communities in the immediate environs of Ibadan. One has a higher and the other a low endemicity of urinary schistosomiasis. Proteinuria, haematuria, pyuria and bacteriuria were found to be significantly more frequent in the area of high than low endemicity.

Adolescent↗