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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Public health practice linkages between schools of public health and state health agencies: results from a three-year survey.

Several recent examinations of the state of public health have called for enhanced linkages between schools of public health and public health agencies, prompting federal health agencies and schools of public health to develop practice initiatives. Surveys of schools of public health and of state public health agencies were conducted in 1992 to collect baseline data on practice links between the two agencies; follow-up surveys were undertaken in 1993 and 1994. Responses reveal that a substantial amount of interaction between schools and agencies has been occurring for some time, but that until recently much of the interaction has been informal and between individuals or departments rather than institution-wide. Both frequency and formalization of such collaborations have increased, reflecting a growing emphasis on public health practice activities at schools of public health together with public health agencies.

Government Agencies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How much public health in public health nursing practice?

Public health nursing (PHN) practice is defined by an emphasis on population health issues rather than individually focused clinical interventions, but the actual scope and focus of PHN practice have not been well documented. The purpose of this survey was to investigate the practice activities, priorities, and education of public health nurses in California. Public health nurses in five counties were surveyed about interventions targeted at individual-family, community, and system levels. Summary scales (range: 1-4) were created to measure self-rated PHN activity, importance, and education at each level. Staff were most likely to perform individual-family level interventions (mean score, m=2.55), followed by community (m=1.86) and system-level interventions (m=1.46). Managers rated individual-family level interventions as most important (m=2.91) and community-level interventions (m=2.42) as more important than those at the system level (m=1.99). Individually focused case management was the most frequently performed and highly valued intervention. Staff and manager-directors deemed individual-family interventions as the area in which public health nurses were best educated, followed by community and then system interventions. Results indicate that the population health focus of public health nursing is not reflected in the practice activities, management priorities, or educational preparation of public health nurses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Creating and validating practical measures for assessing public health practices in local communities.

Efforts to develop a surveillance system to measure local public health performance were initiated in 1991. The organizing framework for the proposed system consisted of three core functions formulated by the Institute of Medicine and linked with 10 practices previously defined. A surveillance protocol was developed using local public health jurisdictions rather than specific agencies within the jurisdictions, as the units of study. Selection of 84 indicators was assisted by follow-up study of a group of departments analyzed in 1979 and by review of recent public health literature. Each of the 84 performance indicators was linked to one of the 10 practices. Responses to the survey were obtained from local health department directors. Results yielded scores for the surveyed jurisdiction with regard to adequacy of performance for each practice, the proportional contribution to performance by the local health department, and the identification of other providers contributing to the coverage of each practice within the jurisdiction. A shortened version of the protocol (26 indicators) was tested in all local jurisdictions in six states and shown to correlate reliably with scores obtained from the longer protocol for overall public health performance, as well as for performance of each of the three core functions and for some of the 10 practices. A subset of four indicators was shown to predict reliably the overall score. The findings support the proposition that public health practice can be defined, measured, and monitored and that current widely accepted definitions of core functions and practices have utility. Measurement and surveillance tools for these functions and practices are available and tested.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2005

Perspectives on the use of scientific knowledge for public health practice.

Achieving the goal of increasing quality and years of healthy life is fundamentally based on success in the practice of public health. As our life style changes with time and as public health issues become more global, the practice of public health is enhanced to meet new challenges. In addition to addressing infectious diseases, environmental concerns are gaining attention. New challenges require the modification of the methods of investigations, use of new technologies and application of real-time management of public health emergencies. In many situations, collaborations at the local, regional, national and global levels are needed. This manuscript provides a summary of the approaches to address certain crucial environmental health concerns towards the goal of increasing quality and years of healthy life.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supporting academic public health practice: a survey of organizational structures in public health schools.

A survey was conducted at 28 schools of public health to assess how they allocate responsibility for three kinds of academic practice activity: continuing education, student internships, and technical consultation by faculty. Respondents identified whether these responsibilities were in a central practice unit, in another schoolwide unit, dispersed among several units, or dispersed among individual faculty members. Though all respondents engaged in these activities, responsibility tended to be carried out by individual departments or independent faculty members. This typically decentralized approach raises questions about the sustainability of academic public health practice that call for further inquiry.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Students in the community: MAPP as a framework for academic-public health practice linkages.

The importance of establishing and sustaining academic-public health practice linkages has been a point of emphasis in the Institute of Medicine reports on public health in 1988 and in 2003. One likely barrier to fostering such linkages is the absence of a clear framework that matches academic requirements to practice realities. This article describes how an academic-public health practice collaborative has used MAPP in a health planning course for Master of Public Health students over a 3-year period, allowing students the opportunity to work in communities with public health practitioners. The specific focus for each of these 3 years has varied, but underlying the work has been a consistent approach to teaching and working in communities with MAPP as the frame of reference. The outcome of this work has been of value to students and faculty, to public health department staff, and, most important, to the communities where this work has taken place. This suggests that there is great potential for using MAPP as a framework for establishing and strengthening academic-public health practice linkages.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1994

Building bridges between schools of public health and public health practice.

A 1988 Institute of Medicine report, The Future of Public Health, characterized the current public health system as fragmented, particularly with regard to relationships between public health agencies and academic institutions. As one response to the report, the Health Resources and Services Administration established the Center for the Development of Public Health Practice at the University of Illinois to advance linkages between schools of public health and public health agencies. Surveys of schools of public health and of state health agencies were conducted in 1992 to collect baseline data on the practice links between the two. Responses reveal that there is a substantial amount of informal collaboration between them. Formalization of collaborative activities between schools and agencies is beginning to occur and is expected to expand owing to increased focus on public health practice at schools of public health.

Chicago↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Conceptualization, measurement, and use of gestational age. I. Clinical and public health practice.

Despite its importance for both clinical and public health practice and the considerable effort spent during the past three decades to develop alternative estimation methods, the measurement of gestational age on both the individual and population level continues to be problematic. The availability of alternative approaches for the estimation of gestational age has to some extent obscured the basic differences in the conceptualization of these measures and influenced our current state of thinking about gestational age. As the evidence grows that these alternative gestational age estimation measures do not precisely correspond with one another, controversies have arisen regarding which method is most accurate. In the search for a single gestational age "gold standard," the potentially valuable information that these alternative measures may provide when used in combination should not be overlooked.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of an advanced practice public health nurse in bioterrorism preparedness.

The 2001 anthrax events have vividly illustrated that terrorism involving the release of a biological agent is a major public health emergency requiring an immediate and well-coordinated response. If healthcare professionals and emergency responders are to be prepared to manage such attacks, unprecedented cooperative efforts at the national, state, and local levels are necessary. To aid such efforts, advanced practice public health nurses (PHNs) must exercise their ability to collaborate with a variety of disciplines and communities. Using the Los Angeles County Public Health Nursing Practice Model, advanced practice PHNs can be trained to deal effectively with acts of bioterrorism. This model defines the practice of public health nursing as working on a population-based level to create conditions under which healthy people can live within healthy communities. This article will discuss the threat of bioterrorism and describe how the Public Health Nursing Practice Model can be applied to assist advanced practice PHNs in the development of a public health plan for preparedness and response to bioterrorism. Six specific interventions that enable advanced practice PHNs to affect populations at the community and systems level will be discussed along with the implications of bioterrorism for advanced practice public health nursing.

Bioterrorism↗
PubMed2002

Evidence-based public health practice: improving the quality and quantity of the evidence.

Evidence-based practice in public health has moved from being a complex cousin of evidence-based medicine to a field that is seeking to establish how evidence-based principles can apply to public health approaches. The Cochrane Collaboration Health Promotion and Public Health field offers public health practitioners the opportunity to be involved in these developments, and/or to employ the array of relevant systematic reviews in their practice.

Evidence-Based Medicine↗
PubMed2000

Building the science base for public health practice.

This article explores the need for and current state of the science base in public health practice. In addition, it discusses how the National Public Health Performance Standards Program will help build the science base in the future and how this can have a positive effect on public health practice and community health status.

Diffusion of Innovation↗
PubMed2001

Strengthening the legal foundation for public health practice: a framework for action.

Growing concern that public health laws may be inadequate to the challenges that confront public health practitioners has led to adoption of a Healthy People 2010 objective for improved laws and policies. It has also led to concerted efforts to strengthen the legal foundation for public health practice. In this editorial, the authors present a framework for collaborative research, analysis, and development to strengthen public health laws, skill in applying laws, and law-related information resources.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Local Public Health System Assessment of MAPP/The National Public Health Performance Standards Local Tool: a community-based, public health practice and academic collaborative approach to implementation.

The Local Public Health System Assessment (LPHSA) in Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP), and the Local Tool of the National Public Health Performance Standards Program (LT/NPHPSP)--which are one in the same-attempt to assess the capacity to provide the essential public health services. Both tools have been utilized in various public health practice settings; however, users have been challenged with the complexity of the tools and time and human resource investment necessary to complete them. The recent Journal of Public Health Management and Practice issue focus on MAPP provided several examples of LPHSA implementation, both as a component of MAPP and as a stand-alone activity in the context of performance standards. The uniqueness in our approach involved a collaborative between a community-based organization, a public health academic program, and a governmental public health agency which conducted the LPHSA in a manner that did not require actual modification of the tool itself, was practical and feasible, and was of benefit and value to all partners.

Community Participation↗