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Results for “Projective Techniques”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection technique in the diagnosis of emphysema: histopathologic-CT correlation.

PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection technique in the detection of emphysema. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 29 patients without radiographic evidence of emphysema and who were undergoing lung resection, focal spiral computed tomography (CT) was performed in the lobe to be resected. Ten contiguous 1-mm-thick CT scans and sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection images with slab thicknesses of 3-, 5-, and 8 mm were generated. From each image, the presence and extent of emphysema were recorded before histopathologic analysis was performed. To familiarize readers with the appearance of normal lung parenchyma on sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection images, five asymptomatic volunteers underwent scanning with a similar protocol. RESULTS: Emphysema was present on both thin-section CT scans and sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection images in 13 patients. In all cases, sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection images improved conspicuity of small areas of hypoattenuation. When thin-section CT scans were negative (n = 16), sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection images enabled identification of focal zones of hypoattenuation in four cases with histologic confirmation of emphysema. Sensitivity of thin-section CT (62%) and sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection technique (81%) were significantly different (P < .01); specificity for both was 100%. Emphysema was easier to detect on 8-mm-thick slabs because of better suppression of vascular structures. CONCLUSION: The sliding thin slab, minimum intensity projection technique enabled improved detection of mild forms of emphysema.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Meta-analysis of studies assessing the efficacy of projective techniques in discriminating child sexual abuse.

OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis of 12 studies assesses the efficacy of projective techniques to discriminate between sexually abused children and nonsexually abused children. METHOD: A literature search was conducted to identify published studies that used projective instruments with sexually abused children. Those studies that reported statistics that allowed for an effect size to be calculated, were then included in the meta-analysis. There were 12 studies that fit the criteria. The projectives reviewed include The Rorschach, The Hand Test, The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), the Kinetic Family Drawings, Human Figure Drawings, Draw Your Favorite Kind of Day, The Rosebush: A Visualization Strategy, and The House-Tree-Person. RESULTS: The results of this analysis gave an over-all effect size of d = .81, which is a large effect. Six studies included only a norm group of nondistressed, nonabused children with the sexual abuse group. The average effect size was d = .87, which is impressive. Six studies did include a clinical group of distressed nonsexually abused subjects and the effect size lowered to d = .76, which is a medium to large effect. CONCLUSION: This indicates that projective instruments can discriminate distressed children from nondistressed subjects, quite well. In the studies that included a clinical group of distressed children who were not sexually abused, the lower effect size indicates that the instruments were less able to discriminate the type of distress. This meta-analysis gives evidence that projective techniques have the ability to discriminate between children who have been sexually abused and those who were not abused sexually. However, further research that is designed to include clinical groups of distressed children is needed in order to determine how well the projectives can discriminate the type of distress.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Applying projective techniques to formative research in health communication development.

This article describes a new approach to formative research in which projective techniques commonly used in psychological assessment were adapted for use in focus groups to help design colorectal-cancer screening materials for African American men and women. Participants (N = 20) were divided into six "design teams." Each team was given a selection of design supplies and asked to create and discuss a visual layout for screening materials. Participants chose design elements that reflected visual preferences that they felt would connect meaningfully with other African Americans. The dynamics within the design teams were different than in traditional focus groups, with participants having more control over the group's direction. Using projective techniques helped draw out unique information from participants by allowing them to "project" their opinions onto objects. This approach may be a valuable tool for health-promotion and health-communication practitioners seeking insight on the implicit values of a priority population.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Projective techniques: an international perspective.

This is a review of findings from four recent surveys on use of clinical tests in the United States, The Netherlands, Japan, and Hong Kong. The preliminary analysis indicates that projective techniques are popular in the assessment of personality worldwide. Obviously, projective tests are 'universal' in that unstructured stimuli serve as the basis for assessment and do not pose a language barrier. Also, reliance on projective methods may reflect problems in access to adequately translated and standardized objective tests. More data are needed from developed countries before firm conclusions on the international status of projective techniques can be affirmed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗