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[Development of the population size, contribution of foreign breeds, inbreeding and degree of relationships of the entire Hanoverian scenthound population registered in the stud book of the kennel club Hirschmann e.V].

The entire dog population of Hanoveranian Scenthounds registered since the foundation of the kennel club Hirschmann in the year 1894 was analysed for the development of the inbreeding and relationship coefficient and the contribution of Hanoveranian Scenthound population of foreign countries. The analyses were performed using all available pedigree information. In the history, the breeding of the Hanoveranian Scenthound was difficult because of the low number of breeding dogs which was additionally reduced during World War I and II. The mean coefficient of inbreeding of the entire German population was 6.35%. From 1950 to 1990, the mean coefficient of inbreeding increased from 8.3% to 9.7%. In the birth years from 1990 to 2002, the mean coefficient of inbreeding decreased slightly to 9.2%. The rates of inbreeding decreased since 1950. For the last 8 generations the increase of the coefficients of inbreeding per generation was 0.71%. The mean degree of relationship of the entire population was 7.17%, whereby values higher than 75% were found. Gene contributions of 8 other European stud books for the Hanoveranian Scenthound could be found in the German population. Hereby, the Austrian Hanoveranian Scenthounds had the largest impact on the German population with 24.4%. The proportion of genes from the German stud book amounted to 67%.

Animals↗

[Calculation of coronary risk in the 35-60 year old population registered at a health centre].

OBJECTIVES: To stratify the population between 35 and 60 years old according to their coronary risk (CR) and to identify the modifiable cardiovascular risk factors that affect our population. DESIGN: Transversal, descriptive study. SETTING: Cabañaquinta Health Centre, in a rural health district in Asturias area VII.Participants. Simple randomised sampling based on the health cards of the population between 35 and 60 years old assigned to a health centre. Total number of people included was 205, and 95 did not reply. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The variables were: age, sex, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, tobacco dependency, diabetes, hypertension treatment, treatment for lipaemia, and personal background of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CR was calculated with the ATP-III tables (Adult Treatment Panel III). High CR was understood as over 20% likelihood of developing CVD or having recurrent episodes of CVD in the next 10 years. RESULTS: A simple descriptive study was conducted. 53% were women; mean age was 48. 37% were smokers, 27% with lipaemia and 29% with hypertension. Mean systolic pressure was 126 mm Hg, mean diastolic pressure was 80 mm Hg. Cholesterol was 213 mg/dL (confidence interval [CI], 174-252), HDL-cholesterol 52.64 mg/dL (CI, 39.94-65.34), LDL-cholesterol 139 mg/dL (CI, 104-174) and triglycerides 106.02 mg/dL (CI, 19.72-192.32). 45% of the sample had two or more CV risk factors. Mean CV risk in the population was 5.3% (CI, <1%-11.3%). According to the table used, 2% of the population had high CR. CONCLUSIONS: Most of our population had moderate risk. The most common group of patients is a young woman smoker with moderate risk. Tobacco is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor.

Adult↗

Establishing a regional diabetes register and a description of the registered population after one year.

AIM: To establish a regional diabetes register in order to determine baseline data with which to monitor diabetes care in Otago, New Zealand. METHODS: All general practitioners (GPs) in Otago were invited to participate in the project. Diabetic patients were identified from GP diabetes registers and invited to participate in the project. Written consent was obtained before any data were transferred from general practices to the Otago Diabetes Register. An Access-based computer programme was developed to record and analyse patient data. RESULTS: In 1998, 1693 consenting diabetic patients were enrolled on the Otago Diabetes Register. The ratio of male to female patients was almost 1:1; the median age was 67 years; 11.9% had Type 1 diabetes and 86.5% had Type 2 diabetes; 44.5% were treated with hypoglycaemic tablets only and 25.6% were treated with insulin only. For those aged over 16 years, the mean systolic BP was 140.6 mmHg and the mean diastolic BP was 78.7 mmHg. 65.4% had undergone a retinal examination within the previous two years and 36.2% a feet examination within the previous year. CONCLUSIONS: The 1998 data will be used to monitor changes in diabetic care over time. Ongoing patient recruitment and data collections will also assist with informing funding decisions for diabetes services and improving diabetes information in New Zealand.

Adolescent↗

The impact of first-birth timing on divorce: new evidence from a longitudinal analysis based on the Central Population Register of Norway.

"The association between divorce risks in first marriage and the timing of the first birth is inspected in a life-table analysis of registered birth and marriage histories from Norway. One of the main conclusions is that the high propensity to divorce among women who have had a premarital birth is not confined to those who marry someone other than the father of their child. Also, women who have had a premarital child with their husband, run a much higher risk of marital breakup than do those who had their first baby in wedlock.... It is argued that couples who postpone childbearing beyond two years of marriage may have particularly low divorce rates." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Birth Order↗

[The registered population and its characteristics as adjustment element for individualized pharmacy budget allocation].

OBJECTIVE: To find an equation that can calculate quality reference standards on the sum expected per doctor, adjusted for the size of his/her list, his/her characteristics and patients included in chronically ill services. This objective is posed within a strategy of individualizing information and evaluation as a tool to promote improvement. DESIGN: Crossover, descriptive study. SETTING: Autonomous community of the Canary Islands. Tenerife Health Area, primary care management. PARTICIPANTS: The study was performed with 51 doctors belonging to 10 primary care teams, for whom there was quality information available due to their having used the CRONOS computer programme for a sufficient period of time. The period analyzed ran from January to November 1997. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Multiple regression analysis through automatic algorithm of step-by-step selection of variables. There was a close relationship between the variability of the pharmacy sum per doctor (adjusted r2: 0.81; F, 66.05; p < 0.000) and the size of the list; also between the former and the characteristics of the users on the list. The most relevant variables were the percentage of women over 55 and the mean drug consumption per consultation with patients during the study period. It was seen, in relation to this last variable, that the percentage of pensioners and the number of hyper-intense patients included were important. CONCLUSION: Given the high variability explained, we propose broadening the study to all the doctors, so as to give the results greater consistency and offer quality reference information, in line with the above-mentioned improvement plan.

Adult↗