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Urinary cations and blood pressure--population studies.

The relationship between urinary cations and blood pressure has been examined by means of multiple regression analysis with the inclusion of age, BMI, urinary 24-hour creatinine, heart rate and the 24-hour urinary excretion of Na, K and, in a subsample, of Ca and Mg. In Korea where the Na intake is high and the K intake is low a significant positive relationship was found between 24-hour urinary Na and blood pressure and a negative one between 24-hour urinary K and blood pressure. In Belgium, however, a negative relationship was found between 24-hour urinary Na and the Na/K ratio and blood pressure. In a subsample the 24-hour urinary Mg excretion significantly and negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure both in men (slope -0.245 mm Hg/mmol Mg) and in women (slope -0.525 mm Hg/mmol Mg) while no significant relationship was found with 24-hour urinary Ca. Further study of the importance of Mg for blood pressure regulation is warranted.

Adult↗

Environmental motivations for migration: population pressure, poverty, and deforestation in the Philippines.

"This paper uses a multinomial discrete choice model and data from the Philippines to examine migrant choice between alternative destinations. Travel costs and perceived opportunities at the upland frontier are more important than general (upland plus lowland) destination attributes that indicate more developed social infrastructure or greater expected welfare. For example, migration streams are larger to destinations where the public share of forestland and the road system are larger. These features also characterize regions of more rapid deforestation. Therefore, emigration policies must recognize their effects on deforestation at the frontier--and their anticipated indirect effects on downstream environments."

Asia↗