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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Glove perforations in ophthalmic surgery.

To determine the potential rate of intraoperative parenteral exposure of physicians and patients caused by glove perforation during ophthalmic surgery, gloves were analyzed after 125 procedures. Gloves were collected from all surgical team members (surgeon, assistants, scrub nurse, and circulating nurse). The rate of glove perforation was significantly lower for the surgeon, 0.3% (one of 303 gloves) than for the assistants, 5% (ten of 202 gloves [P = .001]), scrub nurses, 16% (52 of 326 gloves [P = .0001]), and circulating nurses, 15% (43 of 293 gloves [P = .0001]); similarly, assistants had a significantly lower rate than did scrub nurses (P = .0001) and circulating nurses (P = .001). There was no statistically significant difference in number of perforations on the basis of surgery duration or type of ophthalmic procedure. These findings suggest that the risk of parenteral exposure during ophthalmic surgery is low for the surgeon, and higher for other surgical personnel. We also analyzed additional safety precautions. Further study is warranted to determine the effectiveness of precautions and to guide policy formulation.

Equipment Failure↗
PubMed1993

Audibility and identification of auditory alarms in the operating room and intensive care unit.

The audibility and the identification of 23 auditory alarms in the intensive care unit (ICU) and 26 auditory alarms in the operating rooms (ORs) of a 214-bed Canadian teaching hospital were investigated. Digital tape recordings of the alarms were made and analysed using masked-threshold software developed at the Université de Montréal. The digital recordings were also presented to the hospital personnel responsible for monitoring these alarms on an individual basis in order to determine how many of the alarms they would be able to identify when they heard them. Several of the alarms in both areas of the hospital could mask other alarms in the same area, and many of the alarms in the operating rooms could be masked by the sound of a surgical saw or a surgical drill. The staff in the OR (anaesthetists, anaesthesia residents, and OR technologists) were able to identify a mean of between 10 and 15 of the 26 alarms found in their operating theatres. The ICU nurses were able to identify a mean of between 9 and 14 of the 23 alarms found in their ICU. Alarm importance was positively correlated with the frequency of alarm identification in the case of the OR, rho = 0.411, but was not significantly correlated in the case of the ICU, rho = 0.155. This study demonstrates the poor design of auditory warning signals in hospitals and the need for standardization of alarms on medical equipment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Staffing the operating room. Time and space factors.

Staffing the operating room requires a different approach than staffing inpatient units. Of course, there are similarities, namely: assuring safe, cost-effective care; dealing with fluctuating workloads; using various types of caregivers; and maximizing and maintaining resources in a responsible manner. However, many differences also exist. This article details the fundamental requirements for determining operating room staffing.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1990

Cytogenetic damage in operation theatre personnel.

The study in a group of 24 (11 anaesthetists and 13 support staff) was planned to ascertain the cytogenetic risk in a group of theatre personnel who worked in various city hospitals. Their exposure in terms of duration of service vary from 3-30 years. The control group (n = 24) consisted of people with different occupations matched for possible confounding variables. Cytogenetic risk was assessed in terms of chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange in 72-hour lymphocyte cultures. A significant increase in the percentage of chromosome aberration was observed. The sister chromatid exchange was double that of the baseline value in 20% of the exposed individuals. These findings indicate the possible risk of cytogenetic damage for staff working in unscavenged rooms.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Scattered radiation during fixation of hip fractures. Is distance alone enough protection?

We measured the scattered radiation received by theatre staff, using high-sensitivity electronic personal dosimeters, during fixation of extracapsular fractures of the neck of the femur by dynamic hip screw. The dose received was correlated with that received by the patient, and the distance from the source of radiation. A scintillation detector and a water-filled model were used to define a map of the dose rate of scattered radiation in a standard operating theatre during surgery. Beyond two metres from the source of radiation, the scattered dose received was consistently low, while within the operating distance that received by staff was significant for both lateral and posteroanterior (PA) projections. The routine use of lead aprons outside the 2 m zone may be unnecessary. Within that zone it is recommended that lead aprons be worn and that thyroid shields are available for the surgeon and nursing assistants.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1994

A modified frontal approach for anterior circle of Willis aneurysms.

A new approach to anterior circulation aneurysms is described in which the position of the surgeon is radically different from usual, allowing an enhanced view along the plane of the parent artery with minimal retraction and proximal control. The position of the surgeon and assistant are comfortable, and the scrub nurse's access to the surgeon's hands is greatly enhanced.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗
PubMed1993

Is cost-awareness really improving?

The findings of a comparative study of cost awareness amongst particular groups of health service staff are reported. The study is a repeat of that undertaken in 1987 by Fairbrass and Chaffe. The findings are compared to assess how awareness of the cost of anaesthetic drugs, fluids and disposables has changed as a result of the publicity since 1987. Without prior warning, the study group were asked to estimate the cost of twenty-eight items. The results show that their degree of accuracy remains poor. Overall the tendency was to overestimate costs, whilst a small number of expensive items such as volatile agents were consistently underpriced. The results show that, over the last three years, there has been no significant change in the knowledge of cost awareness. At a time when the effective use of scarce resources is being emphasised, a staff programme of continuing cost awareness training is recommended.

Anesthesiology↗