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Results for “Migration--determinants”

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PubMed1988

Estimation of a human capital model of migration.

"The main deficiency of the current literature on the determinants of migration is the large gap between theoretical analyses and empirical applications. If no direct link is established between a theoretical model and its empirical specification, the empirical results cannot validate the model. This paper develops a version of the human capital model of migration which permits empirical specification. The human capital model presented incorporates two important concepts from migration theory: (1) an index of characteristics that uniquely define a specific location; and (2) location-specific human capital. The empirical model is estimated with a data set consisting of a number of cases from the Michigan [United States] Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) survey."

Americas↗
PubMed1996

The eastern frontier of Western Europe: mobility in the buffer zone.

"The post-Communist countries of Poland, Hungary, [and] the Czech and Slovak Republics have become a buffer zone between East and West. In this article we analyse the way in which this occurs in terms of migration in and out of the region. Our analysis focuses upon the emerging role which this region plays in relation to other parts of Western and Eastern Europe and the way in which economic and political developments there have encouraged particular forms of migration. We attempt to build a picture of some of the different kinds of migration taking place in relation to the social and ethnic characteristics of migrants. The article concludes that these movements are better understood as part of the mobility and circulation of people rather than as one-way migration."

Culture↗
PubMed1986

The metro rating game: what can be learned from the recent migrants?

The authors examine nine indicators of quality of life in the 277 U.S. Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) in terms of their impact on the decision to migrate. The factors considered were utilized in the 1985 publication "Places Rated Almanac" and include climate, housing, health care, crime, transportation, education, recreation, arts, and economics. "The purpose of this paper is both to analyze several alternative methods by which the nine 'Places Rated' indicators have been combined in previous studies, and to estimate a new system of weights for combining such indicators from a multivariate model of metropolitan out-migration." In this article, the authors examine out-migration of metropolitan households during the years 1975-1980. "Coefficient estimates from a multivariate model of out-migration form the basis for a ranking of metropolitan areas in the third section. Also included are comparisons among this and other studies of both the implicit weights employed against the 'Places Rated' scores...to derive both overall measures of urban life quality, and how such quality varies by city size."

Americas↗
PubMed1984

The changing character of contemporary migration.

"Although the flow of human beings between countries and continents has marked the behaviours of populations for centuries, present international migration is clearly characterized by a number of new factors which make it distinct from international movements of people in the past. This paper aims to identify such new factors relating to the underlying reasons for the international mobility of people, including the motivations of the individuals concerned, and attempts to examine the consequences as they are being faced by the individuals involved, the countries concerned and--in more general terms--the international community." (summary in FRE, SPA)

Behavior↗
PubMed1988

Socio-economic stratification generated by international migration loops.

This paper analyzes the migration phenomenon within a framework that treats migration movements as continuous loops, from the country of origin to the destination and back. Significant social-psychological factors at each step of the loop process contribute to the development of migration streams along a predictable pattern. The general model of the loop process shows that the migration stream is 1st sparked when labor is recruited from less developed countries for work in developed industrialized countries. Once the social process of migration has begun, it tends to acquire a self-feeding character. Social and economic change in sending and receiving societies brought about by migration make further migration more likely. The case of the Mexico-US-Mexico loop process is analyzed. This case illustrates the effects of socioeconomic stratification that occurs in communities where the migration loop process reaches a certain level of maturity. The majority of a town's population may become committed to migration as a way of life. Eventually, wealth becomes concentrated in the hands of those that are most able to migrate. Thus, migrants may become a new elite segment of rural populations that were once relatively homogenous societies. Further research of the migration loop process should be conducted. At least in the case of Mexico, the socioeconomic stratification in the villages and towns acting as sources of migration loops with destinations in the US have significant internal economic, social, and political implications.

Americas↗
PubMed1995

The world economic system and international migration in less developed countries: an ecological approach.

"This paper analysed net migration within the context of [the] world economic system and urban ecological framework using the structural equation model." The author "employs linear structural equation modelling to examine determinants of international migration, using data from the World Bank World Tables, World Development Reports and the World Bank." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

Agriculture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Migrants, workers and refugees: the political economy of population movements in the Middle East.

The author investigates causes and consequences of migratory movements in the Middle East. "Two factors--integration into the world labor market and the fragility of integration within the separate states--largely explain why conflicts in the Middle East have in recent years produced the greatest refugee flows of any region in the world.... The crisis of the secular nation-state in the Middle East will continue as states become either politically or economically more dependent on outside protection or assistance. The challenge by Islamist movements is also likely to undermine national cohesion by politicizing religious identity."

Demography↗