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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Measurement of branching fractions and charge asymmetries in B decays to an eta meson and a K* meson.

We present measurements of branching fractions and charge asymmetries for the decays B-->etaK*, where K* indicates a spin 0, 1, or 2 Kpi system. The data sample corresponds to 344x10(6) BB pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider at SLAC. We measure the branching fractions (in units of 10(-6): B(B0-->etaK*0(892))=16.5+/-1.1+/-0.8, B(B+-->etaK*+(892))=18.9+/-1.8+/-1.3, B(B0-->eta(Kpi)0*0)=11.0+/-1.6+/-1.5, B(B+-->eta(Kpi)0*+)=18.2+/-2.6+/-2.6, B(B0-->etaK2*0(1430))=9.6+/-1.8+/-1.1, and B(B+-->etaK2*+(1430))=9.1+/-2.7+/-1.4. We also determine the charge asymmetries for all decay modes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Interference in exclusive vector meson production in heavy-Ion collisions

Vector mesons are produced copiously in peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Virtual photons from one ion can fluctuate into quark-antiquark pairs and scatter from the second ion, emerging as vector mesons. The emitter and target are indistinguishable, so emission from the two ions will interfere. Vector mesons have negative parity so the interference is destructive, reducing the production of mesons with small transverse momentum. The mesons are short lived, and decay before emission from the two ions can overlap. However, the decay-product wave functions overlap and interfere since they are produced in an entangled state, providing an example of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Observation of in-medium modifications of the omega meson.

The photoproduction of omega mesons on nuclei has been investigated using the Crystal Barrel/TAPS experiment at the ELSA tagged photon facility in Bonn. The aim is to study possible in-medium modifications of the omega meson via the reaction gamma + A --> omega + X --> pi(0)gamma + X('). Results obtained for Nb are compared to a reference measurement on a LH2 target. While for recoiling, long-lived mesons (pi(0), eta, and eta;(')), which decay outside of the nucleus, a difference in the line shape for the two data samples is not observed, we find a significant enhancement towards lower masses for omega mesons produced on the Nb target. For momenta less than 500 MeV/c an in-medium omega meson mass of M(medium) = [722(+4)(-4)(stat)+35-5(syst)] MeV/c(2) has been deduced at an estimated average nuclear density of 0.6rho(0).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Meson Synchrotron Emission from Central Engines of Gamma-Ray Bursts with Strong Magnetic Fields.

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are presumed to be powered by the still unknown central engines with timescales in the range from 1 ms to approximately a few seconds. We propose that the GRB central engines would be a viable site for strong meson synchrotron emission if they were compact astrophysical objects, such as neutron stars or rotating black holes with extremely strong magnetic fields (H approximately 1012-1017 G), and if protons or heavy nuclei were accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies on the order of approximately 1012-1022 eV. We show that the charged scalar mesons like pi+/- and heavy vector mesons like rho, which have several decay modes onto pi+/-, could be emitted, with a high intensity that is a thousand times larger than photons, through strong couplings to ultrarelativistic nucleons. These meson synchrotron emission processes eventually produce a burst of very high energy cosmic neutrinos with 1012 eV</=Enu. These neutrinos are to be detected during the early-time duration of short GRBs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Observation of large CP violation in the neutral B meson system.

We present a measurement of the standard model CP violation parameter sin2 phi(1) based on a 29.1 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. One neutral B meson is fully reconstructed as a J/psi K(S), psi(2S)K(S), chi(c1)K(S), eta(c)K(S), J/psi K(L), or J/psi K(*0) decay and the flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified from its decay products. From the asymmetry in the distribution of the time intervals between the two B meson decay points, we determine sin2 phi(1) = 0.99+/-0.14(stat)+/-0.06(syst). We conclude that we have observed CP violation in the neutral B meson system.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Electroweak production of hybrid mesons in a flux-tube simulation of lattice QCD.

We make the first calculation of the electroweak couplings of hybrid mesons to conventional mesons appropriate to photoproduction and to the decays of B or D mesons. E1 amplitudes are found to be large and may contribute in charge exchange gammap-->nH(+) allowing production of (among others) the charged 1(-+) exotic hybrid off a(2) exchange. Axial hybrid meson photoproduction is predicted to be large courtesy of pi exchange, and its strange hybrid counterpart is predicted in B-->psiK(H)(1(+)) with branching ratio B approximately 10(-4). Higher multipoles and some implications for hybrid charmonium are briefly discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Some in vivo effects of pi mesons in mice.

The effect of 70 MeV pi mesons was studied to determine the effectivness of such beams aginst normal tissues in vivo. The end points included thymic weight loss, oocyte and bone marrow CFU-S survival and the induction of macroscopid lens opacities. The results indicate that pi mesons are not signifacantly more effective for these end-points than more conventional radiation sources such as 60Co gama rays, 220 kVp X rays, and 14 MeV X rays and electrons. Nor was there any detectable difference in RBE between the peak and plateau regions of the pi meson beam. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation of the the published pi meson RBE values of between 1 therefore 4 and 5 therefore 0.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The applicability of pions to cancer radiotherapy. III. Measurement of x-ray and gamma-rays by NaI detector for the determination of the peak-region in pi- meson exposure].

A method of externally observing the stop-region of pi- meson for monitoring during exposure to a patient is discussed. Negative pi mesic X-rarys, gamma-rays and neutrons are emitted from the region where pi- mesons stop and produce stars. These radiations can be detected outside the exposed patient. Water phantom as normal tissue equivalent material was exposed by pi- mesons at various depths. The resulting gamma-ray yields were determined by counting the gamma-rays in coincidence with incident pi- mesons using a sodium iodide (NaI) detector. This type of gamma-ray measuring system is useful to make sure that the peak position of the depth-dose distribution in the patient is exactly situated at the desired one during exposure. It is suggested that the scintillation camera with a multiholecollimator is a powerful and convenient tool for the two dimensional peak positioning.

Gamma Rays↗
PubMed2000

Production of Upsilon(1S) mesons from chi(b) decays in p&pmacr; collisions at sqrt

We have reconstructed the radiative decays chi(b)(1P)-->Upsilon(1S)gamma and chi(b)(2P)-->Upsilon(1S)gamma in p&pmacr; collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV, and measured the fraction of Upsilon(1S) mesons that originate from these decays. For Upsilon(1S) mesons with p(Upsilon)(T)>8.0 GeV/c, the fractions that come from chi(b)(1P) and chi(b)(2P) decays are [27.1+/-6.9(stat)+/-4. 4(syst)]% and [10.5+/-4.4(stat)+/-1.4(syst)]%, respectively. We have derived the fraction of directly produced Upsilon(1S) mesons to be [50.9+/-8.2(stat)+/-9.0(syst)]%.

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