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PubMedDate not supplied

Changing family structure in a modernizing society: a study of marriage patterns in a single Muslim village in Israel.

Among 1,875 couples from one Muslim village, 374 (20%) marriages were between first cousins. Among women born after 1920, the highest rates of first-cousin marriages were observed among those born between 1940-1959 (26%) and this pattern declined in the last two decades. The majority of first-cousin marriages were between offspring of brothers. Analyzed by 20-year periods, the pattern of first-cousin marriages changed as the proportion of marriages between brothers' children decreased from 75% to 44%. Over the study period, more than 70% of marriages were between individuals born in the village and related to some degree. Examination of the marriages in which both spouses were born in the village demonstrated a preference to marry within the extended family; 68% of the women married a man with the same family name. Since the creation of the Israeli State, there have been significant changes among Israeli-Arab citizens. However, these data demonstrate that the tradition of marrying a relative remains central, although some changes in marriage preference have occurred.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1994

Religious differentials in postfamine marriage patterns, Northern Ireland, 1840-1915. I. Demographic and isonymy analysis.

During the Irish famine of 1846-1851 there were an estimated 1.0 million excess deaths, the migration of 1.3 million persons, and 300,000 averted births. To assess the influence of population changes at the local level in Ulster, decennial census records were analyzed for the Barony of Upper Ards, County Down, from 1841 to 1911. Data on marriages contracted in the four Roman Catholic, five Presbyterian, and eight Episcopalian congregations also were abstracted from civil parish registers for the period 1840-1915 and were used to calculate levels of random and nonrandom inbreeding through time by isonymy analysis. In the prefamine census of 1841 the total population of the Upper Ards was 16,964. From 1841 to 1911 population numbers decreased by 44.5%, with a consistent surplus of females in all parishes throughout the study period. Both population density and the number of persons per dwelling declined at equivalent rates, resulting in increasingly dispersed patterns of settlement. There was a marked overall increase in nonrandom inbreeding (Fn) in the immediate postfamine period, which was sustained throughout the nineteenth century before declining during 1900-1915. However, significant heterogeneity was observed in the Fn values calculated, both between and within each of the three main religious denominations, indicating differential local responses to marriage partner choice in the postfamine years. The observed changes are not compatible with a simple model of reduction in mate availability under conditions of population decline. Instead, they can most convincingly be explained in terms of a specific population response to the subsistence crisis initiated by the famine.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1996

Genetic studies in Medzev, an isolate in south-eastern Slovakia. 1. History, demography, marriage patterns.

In Medzev, a village located in South-Eastern Slovakia, the secular variation of two indices of genetic isolation has been studied. It could be seen that this village was highly isolated till the beginning of the 20th century. Both indices show a tendency to increase in the first five decades of this century. For the entire period from 1766-1950 the coefficient of inbreeding estimated by the method of isonymy was found to be F = 0.0074 with different ratios of random (Fr) and non-random (Fn) components in particular periods. The coefficient of inbreeding estimated from the ecclesiastical dispensations for marriages comes to F = 0.0019. The genetic significance of the changes in the population structure of this village will be analyzed in further studies.

Ethnicity↗