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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

A comparison of patient pain during cataract surgery with topical anesthesia in Prechop Manual Phacofragmentation versus phacoemulsification.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the pain level and complications during cataract surgery with topical anesthesia in Prechop MPF versus phacoemulsification. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized comparative study. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred patients, undergoing small incision cataract surgery under topical anesthesia, were allocated randomly to perform Prechop MPF (n = 50) or phacoemulsification (n = 50). Patients were asked to rate their pain level on a 10-point visual analog pain scale during the administration of the anesthetic, during the surgery and after surgery. The surgeon recorded his subjective assessment of patient cooperation and surgical complications. RESULTS: The mean pain score during surgery was 1.64 +/- 1.48 (SD) in the prechop MPF group and 0.92 +/- 1.34 (SD) in the phacoemulsification group. The difference between groups was statistically significant (p = .001). There was no significant difference in pain scores for delivery of anesthesia (p = .077), or after surgery (p = .221) and no significant difference in patient cooperation (p = .446) and surgical complications in either group. CONCLUSION: Patients having cataract surgery under topical anesthesia in the prechop MPF group had more intraoperative pain than patients in the phacoemulsification group. However there was no significant difference in patient cooperation and surgical complications between the groups.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Small-incision manual extracapsular cataract extraction using deep-topical, nerve-block anesthesia.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine whether deep-topical anesthesia is suitable for small-incision manual extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred twenty-six eyes of 253 patients had small-incision manual ECCE under topical anesthesia with a 4% lidocaine-soaked sponge. The severity of the pain, eye movements, blepharospasm, and intraoperative complications were recorded. Patient and surgeon satisfaction levels were assessed. RESULTS: Operations on 323 eyes (99%) were completed with topical anesthesia. Intraoperatively, topical anesthesia was converted to peribulbar anesthesia in 3 eyes (0.9%) because of excessive eye movements. The cauterization of the scleral vessels and conjunctiva and the subconjunctival injection were the stages causing severe pain. The most frequent intraoperative complication was posterior capsule rupture in 6 eyes (1.8%). The satisfaction level was 95% for the patients and 90% for the surgeon. CONCLUSION: Deep-topical, nerve-block anesthesia provides anesthesia with sufficient quality for small-incision manual ECCE.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The telephone interview is an effective method of data collection in clinical nursing research: a discussion paper.

There are varying points of view regarding the advisability and utility of using the telephone to conduct research interviews. When undertaking the Women's Recovery from Sternotomy Study, we found the telephone was an effective mechanism for data collection. Our aim is to identify the advantages and challenges of using the telephone as a mechanism for data collection in clinical nursing research. The potential benefits associated with using telephone interviews as a mechanism of data collection include (a) using economic and human resources efficiently, (b) minimizing disadvantages associated with in-person interviewing, (c) developing positive relationships between researchers and participants, and (d) improving quality of data collection. The potential challenges to telephone interviewing include (a) maintaining participant involvement, (b) maintaining clear communication, (c) communicating with participants who offer extraneous information, (d) encountering participants with health concerns, and (e) communicating with a third party. Telephone interviewing can be an effective method of data collection when interviewers understand the potential benefits as well as challenges. We offer solutions to the identified challenges and make pragmatic recommendations to enhance researcher success based on the current literature and our research practice. Supportive training for interviewers, effective communication between interviewers and with research participants, and standardized telephone follow-up procedures are needed to ensure successful telephone data collection. We have found our 'Manual of Operations' to be an effective tool that assists research assistants to meet the requirements for successful telephone interviewing.

Canada↗
PubMed2005

Development of an interviewer training manual for a cervical health project on the Apsáalooke Reservation.

This article describes strategies used to develop a survey interview training manual for use on the Apsáalooke (Crow Indian) Reservation and delineates how this process and product differed from those discussed in the extant literature on survey interview training. Working to ensure cultural appropriateness is especially important due to past research improprieties with Native American populations. This manual was developed as a part of a cervical health intervention program, Messengers for Health. Areas covered include goals of survey research, recruitment and enrollment, manner of the interviewer, nonverbal behavior, beginning the interview, and language use. Limitations of this work and suggestions for conducting survey research with Native American populations are also included.

Female↗
PubMed1988

General notice of quarterly listing of program issuances--HCFA.

This notice lists HCFA manual instructions, interpretative rules, and statements of policy that were published during July, August and September 1988 that relate to the Medicare program. Section 1871(c) of the Social Security Act requires that we publish a list of our issuances in the Federal Register every three months. The notice contains information for individuals and organizations to determine the subject matter of publications. It also tells where they may review the documents in their entirety and how subscriptions can be obtained.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1998

Medicare and Medicaid programs; quarterly listing of program issuances--second quarter, 1998--HCFA. Notice.

This notice lists HCFA manual instructions, substantive and interpretive regulations, and other Federal Register notices that were published during April, May, and June of 1998 that relate to the Medicare and Medicaid programs. It also identifies certain devices with investigational device exemption numbers approved by the Food and Drug Administration that may be potentially covered under Medicare. Section 1871(c) of the Social Security Act requires that we publish a list of Medicare issuances in the Federal Register at least every 3 months. Although we are not mandated to do so by statute, for the sake of completeness of the listing, we are including all Medicaid issuances and Medicare and Medicaid substantive and interpretive regulations (proposed and final) published during this timeframe.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1985

The multiaxial system of DSM-III: where did it come from and where should it go? II. Empirical studies, innovations, and recommendations.

In a companion report, the development of the DSM-III multiaxial system was described, as well as critiques that have been made of each of its five axes. In this report, empirical studies that provide information about the reliability and validity of the system are reviewed. In addition, suggestions that have been made for changes in the system are critically examined. Finally, this material is synthesized into specific proposals for improvements in the multiaxial system that will be considered by the recently constituted Work Group to Revise DSM-III.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1985

Psychiatric illness in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic and surgical control patients. A family study using DSM-III criteria.

This report examines the risk for psychiatric illness in 723 first-degree relatives of schizophrenics and 1,056 first-degree relatives of matched surgical control patients. Diagnoses in patients and relatives were made "blind" to one another, using DSM-III criteria. Information on relatives was obtained from personal interview and/or hospital records. Results were analyzed using two levels of diagnostic certainty and with or without relatives on whom only hospital records were obtained. In all analyses, the risk for schizophrenia was significantly greater (at least 18-fold) in the relatives of schizophrenics v controls. Evidence was also found for an increased risk in relatives of schizophrenics for schizoaffective disorder, paranoid disorder, and atypical psychosis but not for unipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, or alcoholism. As defined by DSM-III, schizophrenia is a familial disorder; however, the increased risk for psychotic illness in relatives of schizophrenics does not appear to be confined to schizophrenia alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Diagnosing personality disorder in depressed patients. A comparison of patient and informant interviews.

Personality disorder (PD) diagnosis were made in 66 depressed patients based on independent interviews of the patient and a close informant. The patients and informants markedly differed in their descriptions of the patients' normal personality. The kappa coefficient of agreement for the diagnosis of any PD was .13, and all kappa values for the individual PD diagnoses were below .35. Informants reported more pathologic conditions than the patients, such that PDs were diagnosed in 57.6% (38/66) of the patients, based on the informant interview, and in 36.4% (24/66), based on the patient interview. We also examined dimensional scores. In general, we found only modest correlations between the patient and informant dimensional scores and that the ratings based on the informant interviews were higher. These results varied by specific PD diagnoses. Consensus ratings, which were based on both sources of information, were sometimes more strongly associated with patient information and sometimes with informant information, and this, too, varied among the different PDs.

Adult↗