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PubMedDate not supplied

[Complications in women after operative sterilization (author's transl)].

In the last thirty years sterilisation was applied in 26(15.02%) women vaginally and in 147(84.97%) women by lower medial laparotomy. In 86(46.71%) cases the binding of the tubes was performed as an additional operation during caesarean section. The binding of the tubes was carried out by Madlener's method and in some cases by Pomeroy's method. In three cases there was repeated pregnancy. All early complications (fever, pneumonia, thrombophlebitis, paresis intestini, subileus, peritonitis, suppuration of a suture, dehiscence) were within percentage limits given by other authors. These complications are not meant to be connected with the binding of the tubes. All the patients declared that after operation they were feeling much better regarding their sexual life (there was no fear of possible pregnancy) and that they did not notice any reduction of the libido or any change in this field.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sterilization--where are we and what do we want?].

According to the estimation from the mid-eighties, about 135 million people were sterilized, 95 million females and 40 million males. In 1977, sterilization was legalized in Slovenia, in 1978 in Croatia. In the period from 1978 to 1989, 4,503 females and 654 males were sterilized in Slovenia. The majority of female sterilizations were performed in the interval and post partum (the third cesarean section), applying laparoscopy or mini-laparotomy according to Pomeroy, in some cases the obsolete Madlener technique, while vasectomies were performed by using the standard method. The accurate statistical data on complications are not available but are estimated to be minimal. Requests for a tubal or seminal duct reconstruction have been exceptional. With a higher number of sterilizations the incidence of induced abortions in women at the age of more than 35 years would be reduced and the use of contraception would be increased. Yugoslavia, besides Albania and the Soviet Union, was the last to resort to contraceptives.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[The treatment to the high gastric ulcer (author's transl)].

This is a report on 64 patients, who were operated on because of gastric ulcer situated near the cardia. We found the best results after the so-called step-like resection, which is preferable to selective vagotomy with excision of the ulcer and pyloroplasty because of the special conditions of the secretion of gastric juice in the case of high ulcers. Because of the danger of the development of a cancer in a B-II-stomach we prefer the B-I-anastomosis. For ulcers with stenosis of the esophagus a cardiofundectomy should be performed. Ulcers high on the greater curvature and in the fundus should be excised and a distal gastrectomy (B-I) should follow. The sole excision of the ulcer or the operation according to Kelling-Madlener are not recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA) for steroid joint injection in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of eutectic lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA) in reducing the pain associated with steroid joint injection in children with juvenile arthritis. METHODS: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled parallel group trial. Thirty-one children (ages 8-18 yrs) scheduled for steroid injection into a knee were randomized into groups having either 2.5 g lidocaine/prilocaine cream or placebo cream applied to the injection site 60-90 min before the procedure. Patients assessed the pain associated with initial needle insertion and subsequent steroid injection using a 10 cm visual analog scale. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the pain reported after needle insertion or steroid injection between the lidocaine/prilocaine cream group (n = 17) and the placebo group (n = 14). There was a trend toward an association of lower median scores with the pain of steroid injection in the lidocaine/prilocaine group (6 mm) compared with the placebo group (22 mm). CONCLUSION: Application of 2.5 g lidocaine/prilocaine cream for 60-90 min had no statistically significant analgesic effect on pain associated with injections of steroids into the knees of children with juvenile arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Quantification of antiserum reactivity in immunocytochemistry. Two new methods for measuring peroxidase activity on antigen-coupled beads incubated according to an immunocytoperoxidase method.

Antigens covalently coupled to agarose beads provide a matrix for an economical, sensitive, and quantitative immunocytochemical detection of antiserum bindings potencies. Despite some very powerful features (e.g., the ability to control the outcome of a solid phase adsorption on the same matrix), the use of this technique is not very widespread when compared with the other enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. The main reason for this is the necessity for rather laborious measurements of the immunocytochemical tracer on individual beads. A description of two new methods for the batch measurement of the peroxidase activity on immunoperoxidase incubated antigen-coupled beads is presented. The first method involves the measurement of the diaminobenzidine (DAB) extinction from a large number of beads with a scanning microspectrophotometer. In the second method, during the peroxidase reaction, the beads are incubated with o-phenyldiamine (OPD), which is soluble both in the reduced and oxidized form, whereby absorbance measurements of the supernatant of the beads in a normal spectrophotometer are possible. The sensitivity and the quantitative relation between bound first antibody and absorbance are compared for both methods. From the two immunoperoxidase procedures used (the three step peroxidase-antiperoxidase and the two-step peroxidase conjugate procedure) only the latter met the conditions for a quantitative (first) antibody assay.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gastroesophageal patching with a jejunal loop in subtotal resections of the stomach].

The authors present a technical variant for re-establishing transit following sub-total gastric resections performed for extensive juxta-cardial lesions in which exeresis on the gastric wall also involves the right side of the terminal oesophagus. A "patch" of anastomotic jejunal loop is used in which the right segment of the assembly (the oesophagus and the right side of the gastric portion) does not take a direct part to the formation of the stoma. Two cases of gastric carcinoma are presented in which the extension of the lesions made necessary a strictly oesocardial proximal sectioning. The technique provides a wide stoma, without any risks of oesocardial obstruction. The method can be used in the gastric ulcers that are sited immediately under the cardia, allowing a sub-total resection with extirpation for the lesion. The authors suggest the use of this technique for the lesions high on the small curvature that cannot be extirpated with the classical technique due to the risk of stenosis of the cardial stoma as a result of the preparation of the oeso-cardial assembly. In this way the disadvantages of the exclusion technique introduced by Kelling and Madlener are avoided, as well as the risks of the high polar gastrectomy practiced by the Deloyers technique.

Esophagus↗
PubMed2005

Synergistic action of resveratrol, an ingredient of wine, with Ara-C and tiazofurin in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells.

OBJECTIVE: Resveratrol, a naturally occurring stilbene derivative, is a potent free-radical scavenger causing a number of biochemical and antineoplastic effects. It was shown to induce differentiation and apoptosis in leukemia cells. Resveratrol was also identified as an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase (RR), a key enzyme of DNA synthesis. We report about the biochemical effects of resveratrol on the concentration of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), the products of RR, and on the incorporation of 14C-labeled cytidine into the DNA of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Incorporation of 14C-labeled cytidine into the DNA of resveratrol-treated HL-60 cells was measured. Concentration of dNTPs was determined by a HPLC method. Cytotoxic effects of resveratrol, Ara-C, and tiazofurin were analyzed using growth inhibition and clonogenic assays. Induction of apoptosis was studied using a Hoechst/propidium iodide staining method. RESULTS: We found that resveratrol effectively inhibited incorporation of 14C-labeled cytidine into DNA. Furthermore, incubation of HL-60 cells with resveratrol significantly decreased intracellular dCTP, dTTP, dATP, and dGTP concentrations. Based on these results, we investigated the combination effects of resveratrol with Ara-C or tiazofurin, both antimetabolites, which are known to exhibit synergistic effects in combination with other inhibitors of RR. In growth inhibition, apoptosis, and clonogenic assays, resveratrol acted synergistically with both Ara-C and tiazofurin in HL-60 cells. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that resveratrol could become a viable candidate as one compound in the combination chemotherapy of leukemia and therefore deserves further testing.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of heavy water (D2O) on human pancreatic tumor cells.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer constitutes an entity which is difficult to treat and, therefore, mostly fatal. Since heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O) was shown to be active in various cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo, we now investigated its effects in human pancreatic tumor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cytotoxic effects of D2O were examined in three pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, BxPC-3 and PANC-1). Induction of apoptosis was determined by Hoechst/propidium iodide double staining and cell cycle distribution was investigated by FACS analysis. RESULTS: Employing a clonogenic assay, D2O yielded IC50 values of 15%, 18% and 27% in AsPC-1, PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells, respectively, and led to the induction of apoptosis when compared to untreated controls. Moreover, D2O caused a cell cycle arrest in the G2-M-phase (BxPC-3, PANC-1) or in the S-phase (AsPC-1). CONCLUSION: It is hoped that D2O might offer an additional option for the treatment of pancreatic carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A PCR-based method to distinguish the sibling species Stylonychia mytilus and Stylonychia lemnae (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) using isocitrate dehydrogenase gene sequences.

A differentiation, based on morphological characters, between Stylonychia mytilus and Stylonychia lemnae is very difficult, especially for non-specialists. These two sibling species were considered as one species, S. mytilus, until detailed cytological and genetic studies could show the existence of two genetically isolated varieties. Further morphological and biochemical analyses verified the separation and finally in 1983 a new species S. lemnae was described. The examination of several isoenzymes revealed unambiguous differences in the banding pattern of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) between these two species. Therefore, the IDH gene of 30 isolates of S. lemnae and S. mytilus coming from various regions all over the world were amplified and sequenced. The sequence analyses revealed intraspecific as well as interspecific substitutions, which were used for the development of species-specific PCR primers for both species. Application of these species-specific primer pairs now allows a very easy and clear identification of both sibling species.

Animals↗