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PubMed1991

Male masturbation as a vehicle for the pursuer/distancer relationship in marriage.

When one spouse chooses masturbation over sexual intercourse in marriage, a pursuer/distancer relationship cycle may be behind the choice, or may develop. This cycle, which can cause severe marital discord, entails one spouse pursuing sexual intercourse, while the other spouse distances via solitary masturbation. The more the pursuer pursues, the more the distancer distances (or masturbates), and vice versa. This paper demonstrates this cycle with male masturbators, and proposes an integrative treatment model which addresses not only the behavior, but the roots of it as well. Cases are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Sexual arousal and the quality of semen produced by masturbation.

The influence of sexual arousal on the quality of semen produced by masturbation was investigated. One group of 29 patients referred to our andrology outpatient clinic (group A) and one group of 14 healthy potential sperm donors filled out a questionnaire after having produced two semen samples, at least 1 month apart, by masturbation. Changes in questionnaire scores between first and second visit were compared with changes in semen characteristics between those two occasions to identify statistically significant correlations. A second group of 23 subfertility patients (group B) were asked to produce a semen sample by masturbation in a designated room at the hospital without additional sexual stimulation, and a second sample while viewing a sexually explicit video. Differences in questionnaire scores and semen characteristics obtained with visual erotic stimulation (VES) and without VES were analysed. In group A, the change in sexual arousal and change in intensity of orgasm correlated with change in semen volume (r = 0.38, P < 0.05; r = 0.48, P < 0.01 respectively). In healthy donors and group B, however, no such correlation was found. With VES in group B, significantly higher scores were given for 'feeling at ease/relaxed' (P < 0.01), 'sexual arousal' (P < 0.001), 'quality of erection' (P = 0.01), 'intensity of orgasm' (P < 0.05), 'satisfaction after orgasm' (P < 0.05), and 'ease with which orgasm was achieved' (P < 0.001) with VES compared to without VES. There was no statistically significant improvement in semen quality with VES compared to without VES. It is concluded that sexual arousal has no significant influence on the quality of an ejaculate produced by masturbation. On the other hand, providing a patient with a sexually stimulating video is obviously a facilitative factor when the patient 'has to' produce a semen sample for analysis. The use of visual erotic stimulation is recommended when patients and donors have to produce a semen sample in the university surroundings of a fertility clinic.

Erotica↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Masturbation--beyond myth and taboo.

Masturbation is a common human behavior that impacts nursing in a variety of ways. All too often, nurses find themselves seeking out masturbatory literature after an uncomfortable client encounter for which they were not prepared. The authors examine helpful information about masturbation that nurses may use to care for individuals, families, groups, and communities. The historical context of the values and beliefs associated with masturbation is explores. the notions of "functional" and "dysfunctional" masturbation are proposed and examined. Recommendations for nursing practice, education, theory and research are proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A controlled study to evaluate directed masturbation in the management of primary orgasmic failure in women.

This paper presents the results of a prospective controlled study evaluating a programme of directed masturbation against a combined sensate focus and supportive psychotherapeutic approach in the management of female primary orgasmic failure. Of the 20 patients who followed the masturbation programme 90 per cent gained orgasmic capacity compared with 53 per cent of 15 patients who were treated conventionally. Eighty-five per cent of the patients treated by the masturbation programme and 47 per cent of the control group of patients became coitally orgasmic on at least 75 per cent of coital occasions. The difference is statistically significant at the 5 per cent level. The results suggest that directed masturbation is an effective adjunct in the management of primary female orgasmic failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Masturbation in adolescents].

Examination of a group of 602 Czech girls and group of 192 Czech boys aged 16 to 18 years revealed that differences in the occurrence of masturbation are in our population markedly greater than in German or American university students. In the examined groups cca 90% boys and only 6% of the examined girls masturbated. There were also marked differences in the frequency of masturbation. In our population so far the consequences of sexual liberalization after social changes at the end of 1989 are not yet manifest. It can be, however, assumed that in our country liberalization will also lead to a diminution of differences in the occurrence and frequency of masturbation between the two sexes. The authors hold the view that an important part is played also by biological factors, in particular those of a hormonal character.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effect of filmed modeling on the self-reported frequency of masturbation.

Forty-eight female college students were asked to complete a sexual attitudes questionnaire in which a frequency of masturbation scale was embedded. Twenty-four of the women (the experimental group) then individually viewed an explicit modeling film involving female masturbation. One month later, all subjects again completed the same questionnaire. Subjects in the experimental group also completed a questionnaire evaluating aspects of the film. Results indicated that the experimental group reported a significant increase in the average monthly frequency of masturbation, as compared to the control group. This same group, however, reported that the film had no effect on sexual attitudes or behavior. The inconsistency of these results is discussed in terms of several possible hypotheses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The post-orgasmic prolactin increase following intercourse is greater than following masturbation and suggests greater satiety.

Research indicates that prolactin increases following orgasm are involved in a feedback loop that serves to decrease arousal through inhibitory central dopaminergic and probably peripheral processes. The magnitude of post-orgasmic prolactin increase is thus a neurohormonal index of sexual satiety. Using data from three studies of men and women engaging in masturbation or penile-vaginal intercourse to orgasm in the laboratory, we report that for both sexes (adjusted for prolactin changes in a non-sexual control condition), the magnitude of prolactin increase following intercourse is 400% greater than that following masturbation. The results are interpreted as an indication of intercourse being more physiologically satisfying than masturbation, and discussed in light of prior research reporting greater physiological and psychological benefits associated with coitus than with any other sexual activities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methods of semen collection not based on masturbation or surgical sperm retrieval.

Although masturbation is the standard method for the collection of a sperm sample, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, other approaches have been described and assessed. Production of semen using specially designed condoms has been shown to result in samples with better laboratory characteristics than samples obtained after masturbation or coitus interruptus. However, this has not resulted in a general acceptance and use of this approach, except in special circumstances where masturbation is impossible or unacceptable. Direct retrieval of spermatozoa from morning urine is another method which has been used to study spermache in boys, but not to treat infertility. Sperm production techniques such as vibro- and electrostimulation are dealt with elsewhere, as are surgical retrieval techniques used in azoospermia.

Coitus Interruptus↗
PubMed1986

Ejaculate composition after masturbation and coitus in the human male.

The levels of fructose, acid phosphatase, citric acid, zinc, maltase, testosterone, prostaglandin E, putrescine, spermidine and spermine were compared in ejaculates collected by masturbation and after coitus in the same individuals. Coitus was associated with a significantly larger semen volume and increased concentrations and total amounts of prostaglandin E and polyamines in the ejaculate. In contrast, the concentrations of the conventional glandular parameters remained relatively unaffected, although a slight dilution of the seminal vesicle contribution to the ejaculate occurred after coitus. In the majority of cases, ejaculates provided by masturbation were significantly enriched in spermatozoa, but the total contributions under both conditions remained the same. It is concluded that the assessment of semen quality in male individuals using the conventional parameters of accessory gland function can be made with ejaculates provided by masturbation or coitus.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2003

Childhood attachment, childhood sexual abuse, and onset of masturbation among adult sexual offenders.

Written autobiographies of 48 incarcerated adult male sexual offenders (22 rapists, 13 intrafamilial child molesters, and 13 extrafamilial child molesters) were used to generate retrospective self-report measures of their childhood maternal and paternal attachment, childhood sexual abuse experiences, and onset of masturbation. Contrary to expectation, the offenders as a combined group more often reported secure than they did insecure childhood maternal and paternal attachment. There were no differences between the three offender subgroups with respect to maternal attachment; however the rapists and the intrafamilial child molesters were more likely to report insecure paternal attachment than were the extrafamilial child molesters. There were no differences between these offender subgroups in the frequency with which childhood sexual abuse was reported. However, offenders with insecure paternal attachment were more likely to report having been sexually abused than were those with secure paternal attachment. Sexually abused offenders in turn reported earlier onset of masturbation than did those who were not sexually abused. These results are consistent with contemporary attachment models linking insecure childhood attachment to childhood sexual abuse, and with traditional conditioning models linking childhood sexual abuse, early masturbation, and sexual offending.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Masturbation in infancy and early childhood presenting as a movement disorder: 12 cases and a review of the literature.

PURPOSE: Infantile masturbation (gratification behavior) is not commonly identified as a cause of recurrent paroxysmal movements. Extensive and fruitless investigations may be pursued before establishing this diagnosis. Sparse literature is available regarding masturbatory behavior as a whole, but literature available as case reports describes common features. The purpose of this case series is to describe consistent features in young children with posturing accompanying masturbation. METHODS: Twelve patients presenting to a pediatric movement disorders clinic with a suspected movement disorder were determined to have postures and movements associated with masturbation. We reviewed the clinical history, examination, and home videotapes of these patients. RESULTS: Our patients had several features in common: (1) onset after the age of 3 months and before 3 years; (2) stereotyped episodes of variable duration; (3) vocalizations with quiet grunting; (4) facial flushing with diaphoresis; (5) pressure on the perineum with characteristic posturing of the lower extremities; (6) no alteration of consciousness; (7) cessation with distraction; (8) normal examination; and (9) normal laboratory studies. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of these common features by primary care providers should assist in making this diagnosis and eliminate the need for extensive, unnecessary testing. Direct observation of the events is crucial, and the video camera is a useful tool that may help in the identification of masturbatory behavior.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1999

Use of cyproheptadine to control urine spraying and masturbation in a cat.

A 5-year-old male domestic longhair cat was examined because of urine spraying and masturbation. The cat had sprayed urine from the time it was acquired as a stray 4 years earlier. The cat was cryptorchid, and at 1 year of age, the scrotal testicle was removed. The cryptorchid testicle was surgically removed several months later; however, urine spraying and masturbation persisted. A diagnosis of territorial marking and separation anxiety was made. Serum testosterone concentration was within the reference range for sexually intact male cats. Treatment included behavior modification and administration of cyproheptadine (2 mg, p.o., q 12 h), which has been shown to have antiandrogenic effects in other species. Frequency of urine marking and masturbation decreased, along with serum testosterone concentration. The cat continued to do well as long as medication was given consistently. Eventually, the cat underwent a laparotomy for removal of remnant testicular tissues but was then lost to follow-up.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endocrinological, biophysical, and biochemical parameters of semen collected via masturbation versus sexual intercourse.

In clinical programs of assisted reproduction involving infertile males, it is essential to obtain semen of maximum quality. To evaluate ways of achieving this objective, and to assess the fertilizing capacity of the sperm, six semen samples were collected from each of 38 infertile men via masturbation. Six more samples were then collected from each man at sexual intercourse using a semen collection device (SCD). We confirmed that the volume of seminal plasma, total sperm count, sperm motility, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa were significantly higher in samples collected at intercourse than masturbation, as reported previously. In addition, the markers of the secretory function of the prostate and the outcome of sperm function tests (hypoosmotic swelling test, acrosin assay, and sperm penetration assay) were significantly higher for the samples collected at intercourse. There were no significant differences in markers of the secretory function of the seminal vesicles and epididymis between the samples. The improved spermatozoal parameters in the samples collected at intercourse may reflect a higher prostatic secretory function at that time. There were no significant differences in the serum concentrations of gonadotropins, or in the serum or seminal plasma concentrations of testosterone, before or after masturbation or sexual intercourse. Therefore, the differences in prostatic secretory function and semen parameters may not be attributed to differences in hormonal levels. Semen collection during intercourse using an SCD appears to be the method of choice for selecting semen samples for artificial insemination.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Childhood masturbation--a genetic viewpoint, especially in anorexia and bulimia nervosa].

The author examines the functions of child masturbation in the development of narcissim and distinguishes a demarcation function, a compensation function and a function serving to establish autonomy. In Binswanger's view, certain reactions to child masturbation on the part of parents may affect the interactive relationship between the child and the parent representing the primary object in such a way as to thwart or undermine these functions. The result is the appearance of masturbation substitutes in the form of certain symptoms. Binswanger distinguishes "horrified", "liberal", and "eroticized" reactions by parents, relating the first to compulsion neurosis, the second to obesity, and the third to anorexia/bulimia. The author illustrates his hypotheses with copious references to cases from his own practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Masturbation mimicking paroxysmal dystonia or dyskinesia in a young girl.

We present the case of a young girl with periodic posturing during masturbation. The child had been evaluated by several physicians and underwent numerous diagnostic tests before the spells were seen by a physician and determined to be self-stimulatory and not paroxysmal dystonia. Masturbation is a normal and common behavior in young children and should be recognized as such. Failure to recognize this behavior can lead to unnecessary and invasive testing.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2001

Masturbation mimicking seizure in an infant.

A 3.5-month-old boy was referred to our hospital with the diagnosis of infantile spasm. His developmental milestones and physical examination were normal. During the follow-up we recorded about six to nine attacks a day and the duration of attacks was changed between 15 seconds-1.5 minutes. During the episodic attacks he was flushed and had tonic posturing associated with crossing of thighs, without loss of consciousness and his eye movements were normal. Routine and long-term electroencephalogram (EEG) were normal during attack. The patient was diagnosed as masturbation according to the clinical and EEG findings. In conclusion, we would like to stress that masturbation should also be considered in infants who were admitted with complaint of seizure, and aside from EEG monitoring a detailed history and careful observation are very important factors in differential diagnosis of these two different conditions.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2001

Endocrine response to masturbation-induced orgasm in healthy men following a 3-week sexual abstinence.

This current study examined the effect of a 3-week period of sexual abstinence on the neuroendocrine response to masturbation-induced orgasm. Hormonal and cardiovascular parameters were examined in ten healthy adult men during sexual arousal and masturbation-induced orgasm. Blood was drawn continuously and cardiovascular parameters were constantly monitored. This procedure was conducted for each participant twice, both before and after a 3-week period of sexual abstinence. Plasma was subsequently analysed for concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol, prolactin, luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentrations. Orgasm increased blood pressure, heart rate, plasma catecholamines and prolactin. These effects were observed both before and after sexual abstinence. In contrast, although plasma testosterone was unaltered by orgasm, higher testosterone concentrations were observed following the period of abstinence. These data demonstrate that acute abstinence does not change the neuroendocrine response to orgasm but does produce elevated levels of testosterone in males.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Seminal parameters of ejaculates collected from oligospermic and normospermic patients via masturbation and at intercourse with the use of a Silastic seminal fluid collection device.

Seminal fluid parameters of ejaculates collected via intercourse with the use of a new Silastic seminal fluid collection device (SCD; HDC Corporation, Mountain View, CA) and via masturbation were compared. Thirty couples participated in this study. All males produced two specimens within 8 days with exactly 4 days of sexual abstinence each time. Thirteen patients were classified as oligospermic and the remaining 17 as normospermic on the basis of sperm numbers per milliliter. Each male patient subjectively rated (scale, 0 to 10) his sexual stimulation elicited during production of specimens with the use of the two methods. Specimens were evaluated and compared. Significant increases (P less than 0.05) were observed in all parameters observed within each group of patients when the SCD and masturbation methods were compared. The improvements in sperm parameters because of the method of collection were greater (P less than 0.05) in the oligospermic group than in the normospermic group of patients. The results point out that the SCD, as applied in this study, can assist in the improvement of the collected specimens and produce a specimen that closely resembles the ejaculate obtained during intercourse. In addition, the SCD, as shown in this study, can be of greater assistance to male infertility patients with oligospermia and other spermatogenic dysfunctions.

Adult↗