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Results for “Longterm Effects”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Longterm effects of pulmonary resection on cardiopulmonary function.

BACKGROUND: Major lung resection decreases ventilatory capacity and reduces exercise tolerance, impairing postoperative quality of life. But we have often seen respiratory symptoms improve during several years of postoperative followup. In the current study, we evaluated postoperative changes in cardiopulmonary function on exertion of patients with lung cancer surviving for more than three years, and the corresponding changes of their respiratory symptoms. METHODS: The effects of pulmonary resection on cardiopulmonary function were evaluated in eight patients with lung cancer. Pulmonary function tests and hemodynamic study at rest and during exercise were performed before, in the early (4 to 6 months) and late (42 to 48 months) postoperative phases after major lung resection. RESULTS: None of the eight patients had any remarkable symptoms before lung resection. In the early postoperative study, the general condition of five patients deteriorated compared with their preoperative status. In the late postoperative study, four patients showed an improvement of their daily activities from the early postoperative phase. Pulmonary function in the late postoperative phase did not show major changes except for airway resistance and percentage of carbon monoxide diffusing capacity as compared with the early phase, which showed deterioration as compared with the preoperative period. Cardiac index and stroke volume index were significantly decreased during exercise on maximal effort in the late postoperative phase compared with other phases. These results suggest that the peak blood flow per unit of remaining lung during exercise becomes lower with time after lung resection, indicating deterioration of the condition of the pulmonary vascular bed. The deterioration was also revealed from the pressure-flow curve. CONCLUSIONS: The condition of the pulmonary vascular bed after major lung resection does not improve, even in the late postoperative phase, although clinical symptoms were sometimes improved compared with the early postoperative period.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Longterm effects of fibromyalgia on everyday life. A study of 56 patients.

Fifty-six patients with fibromyalgia, previously studied in 1984, were followed up after five years, using a mail questionnaire and a global health assessment instrument, the Sickness Impact Profile. The aim was to investigate the patients' perception of their symptoms and to describe the consequences for everyday life. Half of the patients reported that pain, fatigue and sleep problems had increased, less than 20% reported improvements, and 30-40%, no change. In spite of this, 25% reported that their overall condition had improved. Motor tasks were somewhat less difficult to manage. The symptoms had severe consequences for the patients' ability to manage everyday life activities. The study confirms that fibromyalgia, once established, is a non-remitting syndrome. Also, the social consequences were constant over time.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

Longterm effects of prolonged maintenance and of very early intensification chemotherapy in AML: data from AMLCG.

In order to further improve the cure rate in AML we investigated the effect of more chemotherapy--in terms of its intensity and its duration--in 2 studies. In our 1981 study patients received TAD 1-2 courses for induction, 1 course for consolidation and randomly no further treatment or monthly myelosuppressive maintenance for 3 years. Evaluating 213 responders remission duration was clearly longer in the maintenance group with 24% CCR after 5 and 10 years. In our 1985 study the same successful strategy was further intensified by a second induction course given regardless of response to the first course to all patients up to 60 years of age while older patients received standard induction as before. This age-adapted concept resulted in a further increase of 5 years CCR in the 461 responders to as much as 34% not achieved for unselected patients in other multicenter trials. 20 patients receiving auto-BMT in first CR show the same relapse free survival as their counterparts receiving chemotherapy according to the 1985 protocol in a matched-pair analysis. We conclude that both very early intensification and prolonged maintenance contribute to a higher cure rate that is not further improved even by a maximum intensity short-term treatment. The limits of chemotherapy in AML may be overcome by modulating its myelotoxicity and antileukemic potency using GM-CSF as shown in 2 studies of our group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

Longterm effects of intraarticular hyaluronan on synovial fluid in osteoarthritis of the knee.

OBJECTIVE: Intraarticular (IA) hylan injections constitute second-line therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, but human studies suggesting a possible mechanism of action are lacking. We examined the effect of IA Hylan GF-20 injections on synovial fluid (SF) hyaluronan (HA) concentration, viscosity, and elasticity over a 6-month period in patients with mild to moderate OA of the knees. METHODS: Patients with symptomatic knee OA (Osteoarthritis Research Society International grade 1-2) had SF aspirated from the study knee pre- and 3 and 6 months post-Hylan injection. Primary endpoints included SF HA concentration, viscosity, and elasticity. SF HA concentration was determined using uronic acid assay, and rheology measured using a micro-Fourier rheometer. RESULTS: Sequential SF samples were available from 32 of 60 subjects injected at baseline (15 men, 17 women; mean age 65 yrs) at 3 months post-injection. The mean HA concentration had increased by 13% (p<0.0008), and the complex shear modulus had increased by 16% (p<0.03). Sufficient SF was also available from 19 of these subjects at 6 months post-injection when mean HA concentration was 2.24+/-0.62 mg/ml compared to their baseline mean of 2.02+/-0.52 mg/ml, an increase of 10% (p<0.053). CONCLUSION: This open-label study showed a statistically significant change from baseline in both SF HA concentration and complex shear modulus at 3 months following IA Hylan GF-20 injection among subjects with mild to moderate knee OA. These results suggest that one possible mechanism of action of viscosupplementation is to promote endogenous HA production. Longer-term studies are required to identify whether these changes in SF measures are important for modification of disease progression in knee OA.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Longterm effect of phonomirsurgery on early glottic cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the end results related to the early glottic cancer by means of phonomicrosurgery. METHODS: During 1989-1997, 44 cases of the early glottic cancer underwent phonomicrosurgery. The early glottic cancer were classified into three types according to depth of penetration of the vocal cord lesions, such as carcinoma in situ (5 cases), microinvasive carcinoma (33 cases) and invasive carcinoma (6 cases). Microflap resection techniques were used in both of the carcinoma in situ( CIS) and the microinvasive carcinoma (CA), while the laser cordectomy was used in patients of invasive glottic cancer with surgical margins dissected by the carbon dioxide laser. Submucosal vocal cord infusion is employed to indentify the two different choices. 1/10,000 epinephrine sterile saline was injected into superficial lamina propria, if the lesion was swollen as well as the epithelium, it suggested the vocal cord lesions were above the superficial lamina propria, microflap excision could be selected. Otherwise "doughnut effect" phenomena was observed that demonstrated distension of the SLP peripheral to the central attachment of the neoplastic lesion to the MLP or DLP, then laser cordectomy was choose. Each patient was recorded pre and post-operation with histopathological analysis. A long term follow-up was established at 2-month to 1 year interval. The longest had been 11-year, while the shortest 5-year. RESULTS: Six (15.8%) of 38 lesions treated for CIS and CA with microflap excision were recurred locally within 2 to 3-year. All of them were performed with microflap resection. One of 6 cases underwent 3 times of microflap operation within 10-year, one patient developed invasive cancer, therefore transcervical laryngectomy was used. The 5-year survival rate was 89.5%. Two of 6(33.3%) invasive carcinoma with cordectomy were recurred parcel two months postoperatively, they were submitted to traditional laryngectomy. One lost to follow-up was found recrudesc three years after operation, he received open transcervical laryngectomy. One patient with fusiform cell cancer employed local radiation therapy . The 5-year survival rate was 66. 7% . CONCLUSIONS: On the management of early glottic cancer, Phonomicrosurgery not only eliminates the diseases, but also preserves "normal" voice. Microflap excision is an effective microtrauma therapeutic technique, and the resected specimen is also a "golden criterion" for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis related to early glottic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

International symposium on levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis. A review of short and longterm effects on articular manifestations.

Reports of 28 authors with a total of nearly 1,000 enrolled patients have been reviewed regarding changes in clinical manifestations of disease in rheumatoid arthritis during short term and long term administration of levamisole. Global clinical improvement was observed in 60% of patients after three months and in 75% of patients after six months of drug treatment. There was no significant difference in response whether the drug was given in a continuous daily or intermittent weekly fashion. The longest observation times extend to 3 1/2 years. An optimal effect is usually reached between six and 12 months of treatment, after which time no further improvement is observed. After cessation of drug administration, the rate of deterioration varies with the length of previous exposure.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1985

Longterm effect of neonatal whole-body X-ray exposure on ploidy development in mouse liver cells.

Mice of the strains C3H, DBA, NZB, and NMRI were X-irradiated with 0.475 Gy and 2.85 Gy (or 3.80 Gy) at newborn stage or at the age of six months. Their livers were prepared at the age of one to maximum 18 months and the hepatocytes isolated. The DNA content of both whole cells and separated nuclei was measured by flow cytometry and the liver ploidy pattern was determined applying a correcting calculation. Irradiation with 0.475 Gy of newborns of strain C3H results in a relative decrease of octoploid cells and an increase of tetraploid nuclei during lifetime (significance level of 0.001). After irradiation with 3.80 Gy a reversed reaction was observed. However, if the animals were irradiated as adults with a dose of 3.80 Gy the 8c cells decreased significantly three months later. Similarly, newborns of the outbred strain NMRI irradiated with 2.85 Gy, showed an increase of octoploid cells from the third month on, but an oscillating pattern of the 4c nuclear DNA content. In strains DBA and NZB, significantly altered ploidy values could not be found, perhaps due to a too great variance of experimental values.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Longterm effects of early cadmium exposure on locomotor activity in the rat.

The present study investigated the hypothesis that changes in the frequency of specific behaviors, not assessed by the traditionally employed global measures of locomotor activity, may occur following exposure to cadmium. Two groups of newborn male rat pups were treated orally with either 1.0 mg/kg CdCl2 for 14 days or 10.0 mg/kg CdCl2 for one day followed by 13 days of the treatment vehicle only. A control group received only the vehicle. At 50 days of age, animals were observed in their home cage for 12 hours and the amount of time spent engaged in each of eight separate categories of behavior was recorded. Subsequently, exploratory behavior in an open field was assessed. The single large dose of cadmium resulted in weight loss and a significantly slower growth rate significantly increased rearing in the home cage and significantly decreased inner square exploratory behavior in the open field. Implications of emotional hyporeactivity and physiological explanations which may account for the differences observed between the two treatment regimens are discussed.

Animals↗