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PubMed1994

Community hospitals and the Internet: lessons from pilot connections.

Community hospitals in rural and isolated areas have had little access to the Internet. In 1992, the National Library of Medicine funded a pilot project to be conducted by the University of Washington and seven community hospitals in the northwestern United States. The goals of the project were to connect the hospitals to the Internet and study the uses made of this resource. A number of administrative, technical, financial, and organizational problems were dealt with in the attempt to establish the Internet connections and introduce this resource to these health care settings. This paper examines these issues and presents conclusions drawn from the experiences of the project team.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1981

[Biomedical information networks: the experience of the United States National Library of Medicine].

A rapid and intensive flow of biomedical information is perceived increasingly as a requirement for the advancement of research, professional training, and the delivery of health services to an ever-growing human population. This article examines the concept of a network of information and cooperative services among medical libraries and national, regional and international data banks to maximize the sharing and use of the available resources. The background and record of the National Library of Medicine of the United States, which established the MEDLARS System, are described as a model for guidance. Since the end of the 19th century, when J. S. Billings, the foresighted first director of the Library, devised the first system for the indexing of medical literature, new techniques have been introduced step by step to facilitate the dissemination of biomedical information: mechanization and automatization of the placement of requests and data retrieval, telecommunications and satellite links to the fifteen data banks currently accessible to the user by direct communication through MEDLINE. For such a network to operate successfully, there must be a shift from the idea of regional or national benefit to the plane of global cooperation, through which a higher degree of self-sufficiency can be achieved. Also, relations between the various levels of the system must be based on a collaboration in which each entity pursues its own function subject to the character and multifarious scope of the common purposes. The success of BIREME in Latin America is cited as an incentive to developing countries to participate in the use and distribution of vital information through activities based on individual priorities without forgetting that what is important is not ideals and abstractions, but the human being with his needs, problems and real situation.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1984

The user friendly card catalog.

The changing roles and relationships of professional staff in Reference and Cataloging departments in the catalog creation process are discussed. Specific examples are given for handling classification, subject headings and cross references. The article stresses the importance of interface between the two departments in making the catalog more accessible to the users of the library.

Catalogs, Library↗
PubMed1976

The art of planning for library personnel.

A review of the planning process for personnel at the University of Cincinnati's new Health Sciences Library is discussed. The staff of two libraries were involved in the plan. The final organizational pattern encompassed present staff plus justification for additional staff who would be necessary in the expanded facility.

Information Services↗
PubMed1989

Preservation activities and needs in U.S. biomedical libraries: a status report.

A national sample of health sciences and other types of libraries having significant holdings of biomedical literature was studied to determine the status of library preservation programs. Findings pertaining to 134 basic health sciences libraries and to ninety-seven resource libraries in the Regional Medical Library Program network are reported and discussed. Basic health sciences libraries participating in the study were primarily hospital libraries; resource libraries were primarily academic health sciences center libraries. Findings include information on topics perceived to be of greatest need for staff training and for informational or educational materials; on levels of preservation activity, staffing, and funding; and on capabilities for participating in a national cooperative preservation program. Efforts to identify general and special biomedical collections of potential importance to a national preservation program met with limited success.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1989

Selection for preservation: considerations for the health sciences.

Just as no health sciences library can afford to collect every work on a subject, neither can any health sciences library afford to preserve every item that is added to its collection. In decision making for collection development, health sciences libraries apply a set of selection criteria. Those same criteria have direct application in selection for preservation decisions. This paper summarizes the literature of selection for preservation, describes the scholarly record of biomedicine, and presents criteria for selection for preservation decisions. The preservation priorities statement for microfilming of monographs and serials in the National Library of Medicine collection is included as an appendix.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1988

The crisis facing printed medical literature. Acid paper.

Medicine strives to preserve the achievements of the past for the benefit of future clinicians and scientists. However, the paper on which medical journals are printed is steadily and irreversibly decaying. Since the late 1800s, most medical journals have been published on paper prepared with acids. In recent years, publishers, authors, and archivists have become aware of the destructive effects of acid decay on medical journals. Though the cause of deterioration is well understood, the choice of a remedy is still controversial. Remedies include acid-free paper, computerization, deacidification, and microfilm. These techniques are reviewed for their reliability, comprehensiveness, and cost-effectiveness. Microfilm is recommended above other techniques as the most immediately promising solution. The authors propose that publishers be required by law to submit archival quality microfilm as a condition for copyright protection.

Libraries, Medical↗
PubMed1986

Using the OCLC union listing component for a statewide health sciences union list of serials.

Union lists of serials are critical to the effective operation of interlibrary loan networks. The Michigan Health Sciences Libraries Association used the OCLC union list component to produce the Michigan Statewide Health Sciences Union List of Serials (MISHULS). MISHULS, which includes the serials holdings of ninety-three hospital health sciences libraries, is a subset of a statewide multi-type union list maintained on OCLC. The rationale for a statewide list and the criteria for choosing vendors are discussed. Typical costs are provided. Funding sources are identified and a unique approach to decentralized input is described. The benefits of resource sharing in a larger, multi-type library network are also explored.

Interlibrary Loans↗
PubMed1980

Analysis of collection development at the National Library of Medicine.

This paper reports the major findings of a study of collection development activities at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) from 1965 to 1977. The CATLINE file was the source of the data; analyses were performed on classification number, date of entry, and language. An overview analysis of the data base is presented for major subject and form classes. An in-depth subject analysis of the monograph collection was performed using the NLM call number. An analysis by date of entry revealed that the subject content of CATLINE has varied only slightly over the years; the most notable change was a recent decline in the related and peripheral subject areas. The language analysis indicated that 83% of the data base consisted of works published in English, German, Russian, and French. Throughput processing time was measured for English language monographs for selected years.

Book Selection↗
PubMed1994

Connecting the health sciences community to the Internet: the NLM/NSF grant program.

In 1992, as part of its high-performance computing and communications initiative, the National Library of Medicine decided to provide health sciences institutions with Internet connection grants similar to those offered to universities by the National Science Foundation. Although library involvement is not required, librarian and library uses have been the most common category in the applications received.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1982

OCLC for the hospital library: the justification plan for hospital administration.

This paper delineates the necessary steps to provide hospital administrators with the information needed to evaluate an automated system, OCLC, for addition to the medical library. Based on experience at the Norton-Children's Hospitals, included are: (1) cost analyses of present technical processing systems and cost comparisons with OCLC; (2) delineation of start-up costs for installing OCLC; (3) budgetary requirements for 1981; (4) the impact of automation on library systems, personnel, and services; (5) potential as a shared service; and (6) preparation of the proposal for administrative review.

Budgets↗
PubMed1976

Automation--planning to implementation; the problems en route.

Once the major decision to automate library processes is made, there are a variety of problems which may be encountered before the planned system becomes operational. These include problems of personnel, budget, procurement of adjunct services, institutional priorities, and manufacturing uncertainties. Actual and potential difficulties are discussed.

Automation↗