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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Conduction velocity in the peripheral nerves of rats with chronic carbon disulphide neuropathy.

Effects of carbon disulphide (CS2) on conduction velocity in sciatic and tibial nerve were investigated in rats exposed to CS2 vapour at concentrations of 0.9 mg/l or 1.6 mg/l of air for periods of 1.5, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The conduction velocity was measured on the day following each exposure period, and again, three and six months after the last day of exposure. The majority of exposed rats showed a reduction in conduction velocity on the day after exposure: the extent of this reduction was dependent on the CS2 concentration and the duration of exposure. Exposure for 1.5 months to 1.6 mg CS2/l produced temporary and fully reversible impairment of conduction velocity. Increased exposure to CS2 (3,6 or 9 months at 1.6 mg/l; 6 or 12 months at 0.9 mg/l CS2 in air) caused a reduction in velocity which was only partially reversible.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Energy-linked pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase activity in photosynthetically grown Rhodopseudomonas palustris.

Rhodopseudomonas palustris (ATCC 17001) develops energy-dependent NADP+ transhydrogenase activity while growing photosynthetically on thiosulfate, formate, or acetate as the electron donors. The enzymatic activity is present in the supernatant fraction S-144 000. -- As reported, this fraction contains small membrane fragments but no closed vesicles and was shown to drive energy-dependent reversed electron flow as well as an aerobic respiratory electron transport. The energy-dependent transhydrogenase reaction in this fraction can be driven either by ATP, ADP, or inorganic pyrophosphate, but also by acetyl phosphate or acetyl-coenzyme A in the presence of orthophosphate. -- Arsenate acts as an inhibitor and decreases preferentially the acetyl-coenzyme A-dependent and the acetyl phosphate-driven reaction; whereas, oligomycin inhibits preferentially the ATP- and the acetyl phosphate-dependent reactions. -- Acetate kinase and a phosphotransacetylase are operative in S-144 000.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory electron flow and ATPase system in photosynthetically grown Rhodopseudomonas palustris.

Rhodopseudomonas palustris is grown photosynthetically on thiosulfate. As pointed out earlier, the chromatophore deficient cell-free fraction S-144,000 catalyzes the thiosulfate-linked ATP-dependent reversal of electron transfer in anaerobiosis, thus providing reducing equivalents in the form of NADH. Under aerobic conditions, this fraction also catalyzes the oxidation of NADH, ferro-cytochrome c, or ascorbate. ATP, ADP, and PPi are active in retarding the aerobic electron flow. The electron retardation is stimulated by the addition of Mg2+ due to a Mg2+-stimulated ATPase present. The ATPase system in S-144,000 hydrolyzes ATP, ADP, and PPi. Similarly, ATP or ADP, or even PPi can function as energy sources in order to achieve the reduction of pyridine nucleotide. The ATPase turnover is diminished by NADH or NAD+. Admixture of ascorbate results in an increased ATPase activity. Exactly the enhanced amount of adenine nucleotide hydrolysis caused by the addition of ascorbate is inhibited by cyanide.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of eight fluorochrome combinations for simultaneous DNA-protein flow analyses.

Eight fluorescent dye combinations for simultaneous DNA-protein staining have been evaluated spectroscopically and flow microfluorometrically: propidium iodide (PI) with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC), fluorescamine (FC), and dansylchloride (DANS); diamidinophenylindole (DAPII) with sulphorhodamin (SR101), tetramethylrhodamin isothiocyanate (TRITC), and nitrobenzodiazole (NBD); acriflavine (AF) with stilbene isothiocyanate sulphonic acid (SITS), and DAPI. Three different experimental tumor cell lines have been employed in the investigations. Simultaneous DNA-protein analyses have been carried out with the newly developed HEIFAS instrument. Spectroscopically two groups of dyes were distinguishable according to their excitation maximum below 400 nm and above 450 nm respectively. DANS and NBD were found to be unsatisfactory with respect to their protein distributions obtained by flow analysis. The remaining stains involved in the dye combination revealed comparable flow distributions of the cellular DNA and protein content. With respect to preparation time and number of centrifugal steps involved in the staining protocols, and in connection with the stability of the dye used, the DAPI-SR101 method proved to be fastest and easiest. With this combination DNA and protein flow analysis can be performed simultaneously within 30 min.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Comparison of the nuclear alterations induced by actinomysin D and alpha-amantine in hapatocytes of the rat (author's transl)].

Comparing the morphological effects of actinomycin D and alpha amanitine on the rat liver, it can be seen that the nuclear alterations caused by actinomycin (=segregation of the nucleolus and condensation of all the chromatin) occur simultaneously. After treatment with amanitine, the lesions appear in two steps. First of all one sees condensation of only the extranucleolar chromatin and fragmentation of the nucleolus. These two phenomena are related to each other not only chronogically but also causetively. In our opinion the shrinkage of the extranucleolar parts of chromosones results in the individual nucleolus-organizers being removed into different quarters of the nucleoplasm. The fragments themselves must not be altered structurally and functionally, as Kedinger and Simard (1974) have already shown. We always observed changes of the nucleolar fragments 30-90 min after the fragmentation. These changes consisted of the condensation of the intranucleolar chromatin, and the segregation and degranulation of the nucleolus, in the same manner found directly after the actinomycin-poisoning in the whole nucleolus. The delay of the lesions observed on the dispersed nucleolar fragments indicates that is a consequence of the amanitine-poisoning -- probably the result of the disturbed protein synthesis and the inactivation of a hypothetical extranucleolar regulatorgene, which controls nucleolar function.

Amanitins↗
PubMed1979

Sectrofluorimetric micromethod for determining riboflavin in the blood of new-born babies and their mothers.

A microdetermination of riboflavin on the blood of new-born babies and their mothers was developed on the basis of hydrolysis of the blood in a trichloroacetic acid medium, separation of riboflavin and FMN on a Florisil column and measurement of the content spectrofluorimetrically by the standard addition method after elution with collidine buffer. The sensitivity of the method is 0.01 microgram/ml, the blood sample size 0.5--1.0 ml. The normal level in new-born babies in the first day of life was found to have an average value of 17.1+/-2.4 microgram/100 ml, in women 14.2+/-2.5 microgram/100 ml; the contents in cord blood and maternal vein blood were also determined.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of acute toxic effect of 3-cyanopyridine].

General acute toxicity, irritating, and allergic effects of 3-cyanpyridine were studied. LD50 after oral administration amounts to 1185 mg/kg of body weight, 3-cyanpyridine is absorbed through the intact skin: administration of 3-cyanpyridine solution into rabbit skin caused death of animals. Histopathologic studies showed reversible liver and kidney injuries after single administration of lethal and sublethal doses. 3-cyanpyridine significantly irritates damaged skin and in a solid state produces an irreversible cornea opacity. Allergic effect was not found.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Some etiologic and prognostic factors in early infantile autism and psychosis.

Fifty infants and young preschool children seen in a pediatric developmental service and diagnosed as having "autism" all had evidence of organic disease of the brain and three fourths had mental deficiency of varying degrees. They did not differ in any respect from a comparison group of patients with central nervous system dysfunction unassociated with the symptom complex of autism. Both groups of patients had a high incidence of low birthweight, complications of pregnancy and the neonatal period, seizure disorders, and a variety of specific disease entities associated with developmental defects. Follow-up of 40 of the 45 survivors for a mean of five years showed that none of the patients had had treatment directed to their psychotic symptoms. However, three fourths had established social responses appropriate to their level of function; those who did not generally were over 3 years of age at the time of their first examination or had initial DQs of 35 or less. The degree of mental deficiency was as great or greater at follow-up than it was initially.

Adolescent↗