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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

The burden and determinants of reproductive tract infections in India: a population based study of women in Goa, India.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Reproductive tract infections (RTI) present major health, social, and economic problems in developing countries. Our objective was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of RTIs in a population based sample of women aged 18-45 years. METHOD: 2494 women of 3000 randomly selected from the population defined by a primary health centre catchment area consented to participate. Participants were interviewed regarding complaints and risk factors. Laboratory specimens were collected for the diagnosis of RTIs. Analyses of risk factors were carried out separately for the outcomes of sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis; and endogenous infections: bacterial vaginosis (BV) and candida. RESULTS: Endogenous infections were relatively common (BV 17.8%; candida 8.5%), and sexually transmitted infections (STI) were infrequent (4.2%). Factors indicative of poverty and marginalisation were associated with STIs and BV. Gender disadvantage, particularly spousal violence, was associated with BV, while concern about a husband's extramarital relationships, an indicator of sexual risk, was associated with STI. Husband's discharge was strongly associated with STI, and a non-white vaginal discharge was associated with both STI and BV. Condom use and oral contraceptive use were associated with a reduced risk of BV. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the population burden of RTIs is attributed to endogenous infections. Socioeconomic deprivation and gender disadvantage are associated with raised risk for BV, while the risk factors for STIs indicated that disadvantaged women were likely to be infected by their husbands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Epilepsy surgery in India: All India Institute of Medical Sciences experience.

OBJECTIVES: Surgical treatment of epilepsy should be considered an important alternative to medical therapy. The identification of a suitable candidate, pre-operative evaluation requires a multidisciplinary team. The specific diagnostic studies required depend on the operative strategy and objective of surgical treatment. METHODS: In twenty patients with medically intractable epilepsy, who had clinical evaluation, electroencephalography (EEG), video-EEG monitoring using scalp electrodes, high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychology, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was done to localise the seizure focus. If the investigations were concordant resective surgery was performed. In case of frequent falls, atonic and tonic seizures, with generalised/multifocal discharges on EEG, a callostomy was done. Surgical outcome was assessed using Engel's 4 point scale. RESULTS: In 18 patients the seizure focus was localised, 13 had temporal lobectomy, five extra-temporal resection, and two had callosotomy. Fifteen patients had a follow-up of more than eight months, mean 20.5 (range 8-35 months), 13 had outcome I (seizure free), two had outcome II (occasional seizures), one-outcome III. Three were lost to follow-up and one patient died. There were no major post-operative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment of epilepsy is a safe, effective mode of therapy. Suitable candidates should be identified early and referred to appropriate centres.

Adolescent↗