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Phencyclidine HCl and ketamine HCl were used as immobilizing agents on six captive Cape Hunting dogs. Both drugs were suitable and three dogs immobilized with ketamine HCl at a dosage rate of 7 mg/kg had smoother and shorter recovery periods than the three animals immobilized with phencyclidine HCl.
Problems encountered in the hand-rearing of Cape hunting dogs are discussed. It is felt that these could be minimised by avoiding stress, by rearing pups as close to natural circumstances as in possible, by applying sound husbandry techniques and by keeping the pups together.
The authors report a case of Ramsay-Hunt syndrome during cervical zoster in the C2--C4 area. The case reserves attention in view of the fact that facial nerve paralysis and paralysis of both parts of the right acoustic nerve occurred as a second exacerbation of the disease 16 days after the onset. Permanent hearing impairment in the right ear after regression of facial nerve paralysis and paralysis of the vestibular part of the acoustic nerve were also exceptionally rare signs.
An analysis of clinical data concerning 13 patients with nonpurulent inflammation of the external wall of the cavernous sinus (or the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome) permitted the authors to come to the conclusion that as a result of administration of steroid preparations the assessment of some diagnostical criteria is somewhat altered. At the same time of certain diagnostical value is the rapid therapeutical effect of steroid preparations as well as the criteria proposed by the authors-- the connection between the onset of the disease and some infectious disease (most frequently catarrh of the upper airway) and a combined lesions of the oculomotor nerves and sympathic periarterial fibres of the internal carotid artery without marked exophthalmus.
A case of Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster of the genicular ganglion with paresis of the facial nerve) presenting concomitant involvement of the sensitive nerve roots C2 and C3 is reported. The main aetiopathogenetic hypotheses as reported in the literature are presented and an attempt made to formulate a standard aetiopathogenetic theory comprising lesions to the motor nerve fibres and those of the sensitive nerve fibres.
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A simple gastric reservoir using autosuture staples can be constructed rapidly after total gastrectomy. The importance of both a reservoir capacity and delayed evacuation was supported by the clinical course of most of the patients. All 18 patients had improved nutrition. Patients resected for cure tended to have greater weight gain and less abdominal discomfort. Occasionally patients who underwent only palliative resection were long-term survivors with a clinical course similar to that of patients resected for cure. On the basis of these results, it is unfair not to consider this type of reconstruction in patients who have undergone a total gastrectomy because it adds little to the operating time, yet it provides better palliation in terms of nutrition and abdominal comfort on both a short- and long-term basis.
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The proportion of cases of hypertension with a renal cause which can be corrected by surgery is very small. Radiological diagnosis of such a cause is expensive and time-consuming; hence the rewards of intensive investigation are small compared with the cost. Measurement of plasma-renin offers a good method of selecting those patients who require further investigation, if the cut-off point is carefully considered in the light of the acceptable incidence of false-positive and false-negative results.
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Painful ophthalmoplegia is characterized by unilateral involvement of the IIIrd, IVth and VIth cranial nerves, as well as supra- and retro-orbital pain, i.e. participation of the Vth cranial nerve. The pain is relieved within 48-72 h with steroid therapy. The paresis of the eye muscles in various combinations usually subsides gradually from within a few weeks to several months. The etiology is unknown. The few pathological examinations reported in the literature showed an unspecific inflammatory granulation tissue around the intracavernous portion of the carotid artery and on the dura mater in the vicinity of the cavernous sinus. Carotid arteriography may show stationary waves of this artery and narrowing of its intracavernous portion. With orbital phlebography the occlusion of the supraorbital vein and obstruction of the cavernous sinus are sometimes demonstrable. The syndrome is well defined and its etiology still unknown.
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