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Results for “Heart Injuries”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Pathology of experimental radiation pancarditis. I. Observation on radiation-induced heart injuries following a single dose of x-ray irradiation to rabbit heart with special reference to its pathogenesis.

Radiation-induced heart injuries were morphologically studied by using the rabbits irradiated with a single dose of 3,000R (group I) or 300R of X-ray group II) from 1 hour until 6 months. There was no essential difference in the lesions of the hearts from group I and that of group II. Acute epicarditis was found as early as 1 hour after irradiation and it became maximum in severity at 1-2 days. In the myocardium, there were degeneration and resolution of the myocardial cell, various architectural changes of mitochondria, and disorganization of the intercalated disc. Polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and endothelial injuries of the capillaries occurred in the interstitial tissue. In addition, endocarditis with or without thrombus formation was often found. Acute inflammation was seen in the myocardium of group II rather later than that of group I, but it disappeared earlier. In the later stage, fibrosis finally occurred in the epicardium and endocardium. Glycoprotein degeneration of the muscle cells and fibrosis appeared in the myocardium. The pathogenesis of radiation pancarditis is thought to be dependent not only on the disturbance of microcirculation caused by endothelial cell damage of the capillaries, but also on alterations of the myocardial mitochondria as a result of direct injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Penetrating heart injury].

A report was made on a 25 year old patient with a penetrating heart injury with basic diagnosis, and treatment. A successful management was a result of good performance of the resuscitation chain, exactness of the clinical diagnosis and interdisciplinary cooperation between surgeons and anaesthetists.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Heart injuries].

Operations were carried out on 32 patients with injuries to the heart and pericardium during a period of 14 years. The pericardium was injured in 7 patients. All fatal cases were brought to the clinic in the first 30 minutes after the accident. Seven patients died after operation. The late results were studied in 22 patients in follow-up periods of 12 months to 14 years. The results were excellent and good in 20 patients and satisfactory in 2 patients. Poor results were not encountered. The capacity for work was restored in 21 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Heart injury in the calcium paradox: the effect of manganese.

Prevention by manganese ions of heart injury induced by the calcium paradox was studied in isolated perfused rat heart. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, ATP and glycogen content, and 45Ca2+ accumulation were used as markers of the injury. If Mn2+ substituted Ca2+ in the perfusion buffer after Ca2+-free perfusion, LDH release from the heart was inhibited but the inhibition was eliminated by Ca2+ readmission. However, Mn2+ (0.2-2.5 mM), added from the beginning of Ca2+-free perfusion, prevented heart injury at the time of Ca2+ repletion. LDH release and 45Ca2+ accumulation in the myocardium were reduced by 90-99%; ATP, glycogen and water content in the heart as well as perfusion pressure and heart rate remained within control values. The observed protective effect of Mn2+ was proportional to its concentration, and to the duration of Ca2+-free perfusion. A possible explanation for the protective effect of Mn2+ ions can be competition with Ca2+ binding sites related to sarcolemma integrity.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed2005

Effects of [5-(2-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)furan-2-ylcarbonyl]guanidine (KR-32560), a novel sodium/hydrogen exchanger-1 inhibitor, on myocardial infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion heart injury.

The cardioprotective effects of the novel sodium/hydrogen exchanger-1 (NHE-1) inhibitor KR-32560 {[5-(2-methoxy-5-fluorophenyl)furan-2-ylcarbonyl]guanidine} were studied in an anesthetized rat model of 30-min ischemia / 2.5-h reperfusion heart injury. KR-32560 (0.01 - 1 microM) dose-dependently inhibited NHE-1-mediated rabbit platelet swelling induced by intracellular acidification. KR-32560 at 0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg (i.v. bolus, given 10 min before ischemia) reduced infarct size from 65.9% (control) to 49.7% and 32.7%, respectively, while reducing the extension of myocardial injury (mm(3)/g of left heart weight) from 405.1 (control) to 302.9 and 185.4, respectively (all P<0.05 vs control). KR-32560 dose-dependently reduced the total number of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) during ischemia from 510.2 (control) to 353.8 and 134.2 beats (all P<0.05, n = 6), while reducing ventricular tachycardia (VT) incidence from 49.3 (control) to 26.8 and 4.3 and VT duration from 249.2 s (control) to 150.5 and 26.7 s (all P<0.05, n = 6). KR-32560 dose-dependently reduced ventricular fibrillation (VF) incidence from 19.0 (control) to 9.2 and 1.2 and VF duration from 88.0 s to 34.5 and 2.8 s (all P<0.05, n = 6). KR-32560 also exerted similar effects on reperfusion arrhythmias, except for VPBs. These results indicate that KR-32560 may exert significant cardioprotective effects in ischemia/reperfusion heart injury.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Differential regulation of the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway exacerbates postischaemic heart injury in stroke-prone hypertensive rats.

Using a working perfused heart model, we investigated the hypothesis that alterations in the NO-cGMP pathway may exacerbate postischaemic mechanical dysfunction in the hypertrophied heart. Ischaemia for 25 min followed by reperfusion for 30 min produced marked cardiac mechanical dysfunction in both stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Exogenous treatment with S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor, had beneficial effects on the cardiac dysfunction induced by ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) in the WKY heart, but the cardioprotective effect of SNAP was eliminated by guanylyl cyclase inhibitor. Cardiac cGMP levels were increased by SNAP or ischaemia in WKY. In contrast, in SHRSP hearts, SNAP could not alleviate the cardiac dysfunction caused by I/R. Pre-ischaemia, the cardiac cGMP level was significantly higher in SHRSP than in WKY; however, no significant difference was found after SNAP and ischaemia. The myocardial Ca(2+)-dependent NO synthase (NOS) activity increased at the end of ischaemia in WKY. Conversely, the Ca(2+)-independent NOS activity and protein levels were upregulated by I/R in the SHRSP myocardium. In the SHRSP hearts, non-selective NOS and selective Ca(2+)-independent NOS inhibitors or antioxidant treatment alleviated cardiac dysfunction caused by I/R. Moreover, mRNA expression and Western blotting analysis of cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I showed more deterioration of SHRSP hearts compared with WKY. These results suggest that: (1) the NO-dependent cardioprotective effect is depressed; and (2) overproduction of NO derived from Ca(2+)-independent NOS contributes to postischaemic heart injury in the hypertrophied heart of hypertensive status.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Study on mitochondrial membrane mechanism of rat heart injury induced by constrainting stress].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of constrainting stress on biological characters and function of mitochondrial membrane in rat heart and to explore the possible mitochondrial membrane mechanism underlying stress-induced heart injury. METHOD: Stress animal model was established. After constrained for different times, all rats were killed and several indexes were examined. RESULT: Constrainting stress can induce mitochondrial permeability transition, decrease of mitochondrial membrane fluidity, increase of the production of membrane lipid peroxidation and injury of mitochondrial respiratory function which is in time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Mitochondrial membrane impairment and its effects are the important mechanism of stress-induced heart injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Results of the treatment of open heart injuries at a central regional hospital].

In a period of 10 years seven patients with open injury to the heart were treated. Their ages ranged from 17 to 39 years. One patient had a gunshot injury, in six the injury was inflicted with a knife. In three patients the injuries were combined (concurrent injury to the lung in 2 and to the diaphragm in one) and in four isolated. Perforating injury of both ventricles and damage of the interventricular septum were found in one case. All patients underwent emergency closure of the heart wounds with an atraumatic synthetic thread and drainage of the pleural cavity. Complications developed in the postoperative period in six patients: suppuration of the operative wound in one and pericarditis in five. One patient died. Analysis of the obtained data testifies to the expediency of two-stage treatment with rehabilitation in cardiological departments. This shortens the period of rehabilitation of patients with open injuries to the heart treated in a central regional hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blunt heart injuries and diagnostic difficulties].

The authors present their experiences with blunt heart injuries treated in the University Surgical Hospital in Split, Croatia. The diagnostic approach hospitalization and follow-up of these patients are described. The heart contusion was diagnosed using several repeated electrocardiographic and enzymatic tests combined with two-dimensional echocardiography. We treated 67 patients with heart contusions within two-year period. Out of them, 63 (94%) were dismissed from the hospital as cured, and 4 (6%) of them died. Results of treatment depend on the severity of injury, but also on a timely and adequate management.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Penetrating heart injuries in two butchers].

Two butchers, men aged 25 and 48 years, sustained a perforating heart injury when they made a vertical cut. They were rushed to hospital. The first patient was haemodynamically stable on arrival. The second had hypotension and cardiac ultrasonography revealed increased fluid in the pericardium; he was subjected to pericardiocentesis. The heart wounds in both patients were sutured via a left-sided anterolateral thoracotomy; the younger had a wound in the left ventricle, the older both a dorsal and a ventral transmural perforation of the right ventricle. Both patients could be discharged after a little over a week in good condition. Employers in abbattoirs should provide protective clothing fastening high enough to prevent heart wounds.

Abattoirs↗