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PubMed1992

[Seroepidemiological analysis of hepatitis B virus infection between anesthesia personnel and hospital administration staffs in Changhua Christian Hospital].

For hospital personnel, transmission of virus is a common and serious occupational hazard. Other than suffering from physical discomfort, these infected hospital staffs may also transmit the disease to patients through their blood, mucous or secretion contamination. The purpose of this study is intended to understand the condition of hepatitis B virus infection between anesthetists and hospital administration staffs. Forty-six anesthetists (study group) and 90 hospital administration staffs (control group) were volunteers of the study. Blood samples for serologic and biochemical test of hepatitis B virus infection in each participant were proceeded from October to December 1990. To investigate personal recognition about hepatitis B infection, each was requested to fill up a questionnaire after blood sampling. We also retrieved the chart of all participators for their annual hepatitis B serologic result in order to find out the incidence of seroconversion. Among the 136 participators, 20 (14.7%) were HbsAg carriers. Only 28 (20.6%) of all the participators were free from infection and seronegative. However, it was found that there was no significant difference (P greater than 0.05) between the two groups, no matter in HbsAg positive or seronegative incidence. There was 10 (1.27%) incidence of seroconversion during 790 times of person-year observation. Though not significant (P less than 0.05), there was a double fold (2.2 times) seroconversion rate in the study group than that of the control group. Twenty (19.9%) seropositive participators knew that they are hepatitis B carrier or had been infected. Generally, anesthetists seemed better than hospital administration staffs in realizing that they were infected or carrier from the data of serological test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMed2003

Patient-focused rehabilitation team cohesiveness in veterans administration hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the relation of hospital culture, 3 levels of leadership (hospital-level administrators, discipline-specific supervisors, attending physician on the team), and physician involvement to patient-focused rehabilitation team cohesiveness. DESIGN: Survey research. SETTING: 48 Veterans Administration hospitals (VAHs). PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred fifty members of 50 rehabilitation teams. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. Main outcome measures Scales measuring hospital culture, administrative support, supervisor expectations, attending physician support, and physician involvement (independent variables), and patient-focused rehabilitation team cohesiveness (dependent variable). Associations between scales were examined by using a hierarchical linear regression model. RESULTS: Patient-focused team rehabilitation cohesiveness was significantly (P<.05) associated with administrative support, supervisor expectations, attending physician support, and physician involvement (Wald chi(2)=1192.66, P<.0001) (R(2)=.6431). There was no statistically significant independent association with hospital culture. CONCLUSIONS: Expectations of discipline-specific supervisors and hands-on team leadership and involvement by the attending physician were associated to a significant degree with the extent to which rehabilitation teams in VAHs reported functioning in a cohesive manner. Higher functioning on patient-focused team cohesion indicates that patient services were likely delivered with greater interprofessional communication and joint effort.

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PubMed1989

Longer hospitalization at Veterans Administration hospitals than private hospitals. Verification and additional insights.

Utilizing 1,297 male patients under the primary care of an identical group of house officers and under treatment between 1985 and 1987 for ten common medical diagnoses, length of hospitalization was compared between a private sector (n = 481) and Veterans Administration (VA) (n = 816) facility, both affiliated with the same medical school. All patients were rated by the Horn Severity of Illness Index. After researchers controlled for diagnosis, severity of illness, age, race, and physician, results in this study indicate that an additional 3.2 days of hospitalization were associated with the VA facility. This finding is consistent with earlier reports of inappropriate hospitalization at the VA hospital and suggests that VA facility planners need to evaluate whether longer lengths of stay (LOS) are merited.

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