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PubMedDate not supplied

Goblet cell population in the pathological middle ear and eustachian tube of children and adults.

On 64 temporal bones from slightly abnormal and pathological prematures and newborn infants, children, and adults, 35,000-40,000 counts of goblet cells were done in different parts of the Eustachian tube and middle ear. The goblet cells were present in all Eustachian tubes and middle ear areas. In ears previously exposed to infection the density was slightly increased in the tubal orifice and in most parts of the middle ear. In subacute and acute pathological actions, especially tubal occlusion, and chronic diseases, such as active chronic otitis and in secretory otitis media, the goblet-cell density is appreciably increased.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Goblet cell carcinoid of appendix: ultrastructural features and histogenetic aspects.

Light and electron microscopic examination of a goblet cell carcinoid revealed cells with pleomorphic neurosecretory-type granules, cells containing mucin some of which also contained these granules and less differentiated cells lacking the aforementioned features. Recent embryologic and anatomic studies of developing avian and mammalian gut, respectively, show that intestinal APUD cells are probably of endodermal origin. Therefore, mixed carcinoid tumors such as the goblet cell variant could arise in crypt base stem cells.

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal goblet cell differentiation in Nippostrongylus-infected rats after transfer of fractionated thoracic duct lymphocytes.

Adoptive immunization of Nippostrongylus-infected rats augmented goblet cell differentiation in the intestinal epithelium. After fractionation of immune thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL), cells lacking surface immunoglobulin (sIg-) were the most potent stimulators of goblet cell differentiation. Moreover, TDL drained from rats harbouring a primary infection were more effective than TDL from hyperimmune rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Electron microscopic of mucopolysaccharides in the goblet cells of the bronchial mucosa].

Author using various methods of fixation and electronmicroscopical histochemistry investigated the detectability of mucopolysaccharides in the goblet cells of the bronchial mucosa obtained by biopsy. Results show, that the method of choice of the detection of glycosaminoglycans in the goblet cells is the PA-Silver technique carried out after fixation with solution of glutaraldehyde only. This technique-- when appropriate control is used--seems to be specific.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

Membrane changes associated with mucus production by intestinal goblet cells.

Changes in the structural organization of membranes of mucous bodies and the plasma membrane that occur during mucus production in goblet cells of rat rectum have been studied by thin-section and freeze-fracture techniques. Immature mucous bodies are bounded by a trilaminar membrane and fracture faces of the membrane have randomly distributed intramembrane particles. During maturation, mucous bodies become packed tightly together and changes in the structure of their membranes include (1) fusion of apposing membranes of adjacent bodies to form a pentalaminar structure, (2) a reduction in the density of particles on membrane fracture faces, and (3) exclusion of particles from regions of membrane apposition. Some trilaminar membranes of mucous bodies fuse with the lumenal plasma membrane to form a pentalaminar structure. Sites of apposition between mucous body membranes and the lumenal plasma membrane are seen as particle-cleared bulges on fracture faces of the plasma membrane. Our results indicate that membrane reorganization associated with mucous production in goblet cells includes a reduction and redistribution of some membrane proteins and that membrane fusion occurs between portions of membranes from which proteins have been displaced.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Goblet cells in embryonic intestine: accelerated differentiation in culture.

If duodenal tissue from 14-day chick embryos is cultured in chemically defined medium, more than twice as many goblet cells appear within 48 hours as in intact embryos during the same time. The increase in goblet cell number is further accelerated by 10(-9) molar thyroxine but is prevented by 10(-6) molar hydrocortisone. The results suggest that differentiation of intestinal epithelium is regulated in part by a circulating inhibitor.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental surgery on the nose. I. Airflow and goblet-cell density.

In rabbits the nasal vestibule was surgically occluded on one side. The rabbits were observed for varying periods, maximum 90 days. The mucosa of the septum was removed from both sides, stained by the PAS-alcian blue whole-mount method, and the goblet cells were counted. The difference in goblet-cell density between the occluded and open side of the nose was less than expected according to previous reports. A completely abolished air flow for 3 months caused only some increase in density. During the first 16 days there was an increase in density on the occluded as well as on the open side of the nose. This can hardly have been due to altered airflow, but must be attributed to an irritative action by the operation upon the nasal mucosa.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1977

Density of goblet cells in the normal adult human nasal septum.

On ten adult septal mucous membranes, stained by the PAS-alcian blue whole-mount method, the density of goblet cells was determined in 12 localities distributed on the entire septum. The median density proved to be slightly, but significantly increasing into the anteroposterior direction, there being 4,800 in the anterior and 6,200 cells per mm2 in the posterior quarter of the septum. There was a tendency to higher density in the lower than in the middle and upper thirds. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Interindividual variations in density and variations within different segments of the same septum were relatively pronounced. This goes to show that the assessment of goblet cell density on the basis of sections, so often seen in the literature, can only be taken with the utmost reserve.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Behaviour of intestinal goblet cells following application of oxidated water soluble terpenes. A pilot study (author's transl)].

1 and 3 h after i.p. application of Ozothin, an oxidation product of Bordeaux terpin oil, in rats there is a significant increase in goblet cells both totally and in the tightly filled ones (respectively in the villi of the small intestine). Double i.v. injection of therapeutic doses of Ozothin (first 14 h and booster 2 h preoperatively) induces a significant decrease in the number of the tightly filled goblet cells. These contradictory results may partly be explained as an initially timed ischesis of mucigenous glands by Ozothin. Statistically significant differences among the different series of tests could be found only in the epithelium of the villi. In the crypts there were similar results lacking statistical significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The development and persistence of bronchialgland hypertrophy and goblet-cell hyperplasia in the pig after injection of isoprenaline.

Pigs were injected i.m. with isoprenaline sulphate on 6 consecutive days. In the bronchial mucosa of animals killed 24 hr after the sixth injection there was a significant increase in the ratio of submucosal gland thickness to bronchial-wall thickness, indicating glandular hypertrophy. The hypertrophy was due to an increase in size of mucous cells, which were filled with secretion. There was also a much higher proportion of acid glycoprotein in the mucous acini of IPN-treated pigs compared with those of controls. This acid glycoprotein was predominantly sialomucin, but a small quantity of sulphomucin, not present in the normal animal, was observed. IPN also caused a significant increase in the number of goblet cells in the bronchial epithelium, but there was no change in their glycoprotein type, most containing exclusively sialomucin. IPN produced a significant increase in the weight of the salivary and adrenal glands, and of the heart, in which the right and left ventricles were hypertrophied equally. Examination of pigs killed up to 3 mth after IPN showed that the submucosal gland hypertrophy persisted for about 1 mth and the goblet cell hyperplasia persisted for 2 mth.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Goblet cell carcinoid of the appendix. An ultrastructural and histochemical study.

In a patient with a goblet cell carcinoid tumor of the appendix, light and electron microscopical studies demonstrated mucinous material and enterochromaffin granules within the same cell. Transitions between cells containing primarily mucin and cells containing numerous argentaffin granules were observed. Fluorescence studies demonstrated that the tumor cells contain biogenic amines.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Goblet cell carcinoid tumor of the appendix. Report of five cases and review of the literature.

Five cases of goblet cell carcinoid tumor of the appendix showed characteristic histologic features that justified classification of these lesions as mucinous variants of carcinoid tumor. The tumor has low-grade malignancy, and metastases are uncommon. Resemblance to mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix is striking, and the features that help to differentiate the two lesions are delineated.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1979

Radioimmunoassay of human intestinal goblet cell mucin. Investigation of mucus from different organs and species.

We have developed a double-antibody radioimmunoassay for the quantitative measurement of human goblet cell mucin (GCM) in order to study intestinal mucus in human and other species. The assay used 3H-labeled mucin as the antigen, rabbit antisera, and sheep anti-rabbit IgG antisera as the second antibody. A number of applications of the assay were investigated. A survey of human tissues revealed that mucins of the rectum, colon, and small intestine had identical affinity for the rabbit antibody, whereas lung eyelid conjunctiva, esophagus, and stomach reacted less strongly. GCM concentration ranged from 1.9 to 14 microgram mucin protein/mg tissue protein in the small and large intestine, respectively. The radioimmunoassay was also found to be useful as a marker during the isolation of GCM from human ileal extracts, where it indicated that a 10,000-fold purification had been achieved. Antigenic determinants of the mucin did not rely upon ABH blood group-specific terminal sugars in oligosaccharide chains. A comparison of mucins among various species revealed a partial species specificity of the GCM antibody. Human GCM cross-reacted with dog, monkey, and rabbit mucins, but not with mucins of rat, pig, toad, and oyster. Organ distributions of cross-reactive mucins in rabbit tissues indicated a pattern that was qualitatively similar to that seen in human tissues. Possible implications of these findings for autoimmune diseases are briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Density of goblet cells on normal adult nasal turbinates.

On the basis of 10 middle and 10 inferior turbinates from autopsies on normal adults, a quantitative study of the goblet cells was performed, using the whole-mount method. There was quite some increase in density into the posterior direction, with a generally higher density on the inferior than on the middle turbinate. The results are related to the current of air in the nose.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

The pattern of goblet cell hyperplasia in human airways.

Three types of mucosal alterations were found in the large and small airways in eight surgically resected human lungs. These changes were linear depressions and the formation of furrows and diverticula. Goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus retention, and macrophages were frequently associated with these surface deformities, and inflammatory cells were found both in the mucosa and in the underlying bronchial wall. Linear depressions, furrows, and diverticula may be sequential and may persist in the lungs of a patient with or without causing symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Stimulation by immune complexes of mucus release from goblet cells of the rat small intestine.

Immune complexes (bovine serum albumin with rat antibodies to bovine serum albumin) formed in twofold antibody excess were injected into the duodenum of normal rats. In comparison to controls injected with antigen only, there was a marked increase in the percentage of disrupted goblet cells (an index of mucus release) in segments from the intestine of rats exposed for 3 hours to immune complexes in vivo. Similarly, there was a significant increase in 35S-labeled mucus recovered by filtration of intestinal wash, rinse, and mucosal homogenate fluids from rats exposed to immune complexes compared to those from rats exposed to bovine serum albumin or purified rat antiserum to bovine serum albumin alone. These findings suggest that certain immune complexes can stimulate mucus release from intact rat small intestine; enhanced mucus release may have a role in clearing the surface of complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Mucogenic glaucoma and goblet cell cyst of the anterior chamber.

A 25-year-old woman had a unilateral open-angle glaucoma that was initially thought to be caused by an anterior uveitis. A deformity of the chamber angle was noted and interpreted as a peripheral anterior synechia or an old scar. A peculiar haze was noted in the anterior chamber. The intraocular pressure was controlled by trabeculectomy. A slowly enlarging cyst was observed at the site of a previous anterior synechia. Excision of the cyst resulted in clearing of the anterior chamber haze. The second trabeculectomy specimen contained mucous strands. Problems exist, both clinically and histopathologically, in diagnosing and managing this rare form of secondary glaucoma (mucogenic glaucoma).

Adult↗