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PubMed1998

[Effect of maternal death on family dynamics and infant survival].

Family adjustments, which are generated by a maternal death, have been analysed previously in Mexico by using a reduced number of cases in rural areas. This study was design in order to establish changes in family dynamic generated b y a maternal death and to analyse child surviving after one year of birth. Family members of maternal deaths cases, which occurred during 1988-89 in the Federal District, were interviewed by first time in order to know information related to family dynamic and women's characteristics. A second interview was made after one year of birth for cases in which the newborn survived hospital discharge. Simple frequencies were calculated and using X2 test compared groups. Main consequences were family disintegration, child acquiring new roles and economic problems when woman was the main or the only one support of the family. Child surviving was higher than we expected considering other national or international reports. Children were mainly integrated to their grandparent's family.

Child Development↗
PubMed2001

[Family dynamics of autistic children].

We studied 15 families with autistics, 15 with Down's syndrome and 15 asymptomatic children. Patients' age ranged from 5 to 15 years-old. The parents of these three families' groups were appraised in regard to their family dynamics, to relate those symptoms to the functioning of an autistic family, in a comparative study. Details were provided of the families, the overall autistic features, the autistic's family, the family and the mental health, their limitations and difficulties throughout the vital cycle. An attempt was made to locate the factors that aid the family in hindering the healthy emotional development of its members. The field research was achieved by use of the instruments of the Family Dynamics Evaluation, (Carneiro, 1983). The data gathered were statistically compared. Considering the family population studied (n = 45), we found that the autistics' families and victims of Down's syndrome made it difficult to sustain the emotional health of group members. We conclude that the autistic's family dynamics caused difficulties to the emotional health of the group's members.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Adolescent subjective well-being and family dynamics.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between adolescent subjective well-being (SWB) and family dynamics perceived by adolescents and their parents. A sample of 239 pupils (51% female) from seventh and ninth grades completed the Berne questionnaire of SWB (youth form), two subscales from an original Finnish SWB scale and the Family Dynamics Measure II, and one of their parents (n = 239) filled in the Family Dynamics Measure II. Results indicated that parents assessed family dynamics better than did their adolescent child. Furthermore, there was no association between family dynamics perceived by adolescents and family dynamics assessed by one of their parents or between the adolescent SWB and parental perception of family dynamics. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that certain aspects of family dynamics perceived by adolescents were related to adolescent global satisfaction and ill-being. Specifically, adolescents' perception of high level of mutuality and stability in the family as well as male gender and lack of serious problems in family were predictors of adolescent global satisfaction. Furthermore, disorganization in the family and poor parental relationship perceived by adolescents, being female, serious problems and illness in family predicted a high level of adolescent global ill-being.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Family dynamics and chronic illness: children with diabetes in the context of their families].

The present study is based on the assumption of an interaction between family functioning and chronic illness. Using a systemic approach, the intra-familial situation of families with a diabetes-affected child is examined. 44 families were evaluated using a family diagnostic instrument ("Familienbögen") and compared with 31 control families with a healthy child. Furthermore, the study looked at the influence of the level of family functioning on glycemic control, as measured by HbA1c values, and vice versa. Families with a child affected by diabetes showed significantly more dysfunctional domains and higher discrepancies of the ratings in the family diagnostic instrument (p < 0.05). Unexpectedly, no significant interaction between family functioning and glycemic control was found. Poor glycemic control therefore did not have any negative effects on the family dynamics, in fact, the opposite was often the case. Also, the relationship between siblings was judged more positively when one of the siblings was chronically ill (p < 0.05). The results show that despite the fact that diabetes in children may lead to an increase in impairment of intra-familial dynamics, it may, at the same time, offer opportunities for an improvement of family relationships. However, if physiological parameters deteriorate in the child (poor glycemic control), family problems seem to become less important. Success in the treatment of diabetes patients should therefore not only be measured by the quality of glycemic control, but also by considering psychological factors and aspects of family dynamics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Family dynamics and postnatal depression.

Research has shown that postnatal depression (PND) affects 10-15% of mothers in Western societies. PND is not easily identified and therefore it often remains undetected. Untreated depression has a detrimental effect on the mother and child and the entire family. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the state of family dynamics after delivery and whether the mother's PND was associated with family dynamics. The study used a survey covering the catchment area of one Finnish university hospital. Both primi- and multiparas took part and data were collected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for mothers and the Family Dynamics Measure II (FDM II) for both mothers and fathers. The data were analysed using SPSS statistical programme and frequency and percentage distributions, means and standard deviations were examined. Correlations were analysed using Spearman's correlation coefficients. The significance of any differences between mothers' and fathers' scores was determined with a paired t-test. Of the families participating in the study (373 mothers and 314 partners), 13% of the mothers suffered from PND symptoms (EPDS score of 13 or more). As a whole, family dynamics in the families participating in the study were reported to be rather good. However, mothers having depressive symptoms reported more negative family dynamics compared with other families. With the exception of individuation, mothers having depressive symptoms reported more negative family dynamics than their partners. With the exception of role reciprocity, non-depressed mothers reported more positive family dynamics than their partners. Knowledge of the association of mothers' PND with family dynamics could help to develop nursing care at maternity and child welfare clinics and maternity hospitals. Depressed mothers and their families need support to be able to make family dynamics as good as possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Family dynamics, parental-fetal attachment and infant temperament.

Family dynamics, parental-fetal attachment and infant temperament The purpose of this longitudinal study of families having their first or second baby was to explore relationships among family dynamics, paternal- and maternal-fetal attachment, and infant temperament. Data were collected from 156 women and 62 of their partners during the third trimester of pregnancy. One year later, when the infant was 8-9 months old, 75 of the women and 30 of their partners participated. In a hierarchical multiple regression analysis, after controlling for demographic variables, mutuality in the family was associated with greater maternal- and paternal-fetal attachment. Family dynamics were stable across the transition to parenthood except for an increase in role conflict reported by mothers. Sensitivity to specific family experiences by clinicians can provide assistance to families during these periods.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Family dynamics and infant temperament in urban Iceland.

Pregnancy is a time of transition and crisis when many families are challenged with the addition of an infant. Studies of this challenge are unknown for Icelandic families. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pregnancy and the young infant on family dynamics and the relationship between family dynamics and the infant's developing temperament. Fifty families completed the Family Dynamics Measure during the third trimester of pregnancy and when the infant was eight months old. Mothers also completed the Revised Infant Temperament Questionnaire. Mothers perceived a decrease in role reciprocity across this transition. More stable organized families had more rhythmic infants. There was no association between family structure and either family dynamics or infant temperament. After the birth of the child, fathers perceived more role reciprocity while mothers perceived more individuation and mutuality. Mothers of second infants reported greater individuation than mothers with first infants.

Family↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cross-national comparison of family dynamics during the third trimester of pregnancy in the United States and Iceland.

In a cross-national analysis of family dynamics in the United States and Iceland, we examined several factors that influence family life during the third trimester of pregnancy. Three hundred five women and 113 of their partners completed the Family Dynamics Measure (Lasky et al., 1985). Marital status and social status had differential effects on family dynamics in each country. Unmarried families in the United States reported more negative family dynamics than did married families in the United States and both married and unmarried families in Iceland. Although higher social status was associated with more positive family dynamics in both countries, the effects of low social status were more pronounced in the United States. This comparison of families in two modern Western nations points to possible effects of the presence or absence of national family policies supporting childbearing families and contributes to the development of international family science.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family dynamics and child abuse and neglect in three Finnish communities.

The purpose of this study was to describe family dynamics of Finnish families in which there is abuse or neglect of a child in that family. One adult from 41 families with recognized child abuse/neglect completed the Family Dynamics Measure II (FDM II) consisting of six dimensions of family life, and answered questions about problems, changes and illnesses. Nurses and social workers in community health care and social agencies identified potential subjects in their agencies and collected data. Four of the six dimensions of the FDM II reached statistical significance (p =.05) with child age and number of children, education, marital status, and age of respondent. They are: Flexibility vs. rigidity, Stability vs. disorganization, Clear vs. distorted communication, and Role reciprocity vs. role conflict. FDM II is useful in identifying several of the less positive family dynamics dimensions in abuse:neglect families. Conclusions for clinical management cannot be drawn at this time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Family dynamics during the third trimester of pregnancy in Denmark.

Family dynamics in Danish families during the third trimester of pregnancy were explored in relation to family structure, parity, mother-father differences, and normative versus delayed childbearing. There were differences between married and cohabiting families, first- and second-time expectant parents, mothers and fathers, and between normative and delayed first-time expectant parents. For married couples to have better family dynamics than cohabiting couples is surprising for Denmark where both marriage and cohabitation are examples of a nuclear family lifestyle. A dual-path model is conceptualized as a nursing strategy to support the couples' interrelationship during their role transition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship between anxiety and family dynamics].

OBJECTIVE: In the present study we tried to find the likely association between anxiety and a disturbed family dynamic in patients who attended Primary Care for consultation. DESIGN: An observational, crossover study with 150 patients (64.7% women) chosen by systematised random sampling was performed. Patients were grouped in various bivariable categories: sex, marital status, where from, cultural level, occupation, size of family, stage of their life-cycle, family sub-system and income, which were compared with the results from the Stai Anxiety and the Apgar Family tests. 95% significance level; two months data-gathering. RESULTS: Among the most relevant findings were negative correlation in the value of the Stai Anxiety test vs the Apgar Family test, with r = -0.27 and level of significance between [-0.42 < r < -0.12]. A multivariant study using Dummy type variables found association between Anxiety and being Female, with a Beta coefficient of -6.2172 [CI -10.2044/-2.0342]. There was also association of size of family and disturbed family dynamic, with Beta coeff. = -0.2437 and CI [-0.4706/-0.0168]. CONCLUSIONS: a) There is a correlation between anxiety and disturbed family dynamic. b) Being female is a risk factor, when before anxious patients, of a disturbed family dynamic. c) Family size is also a risk factor, before an anxious patient, of a disturbed family dynamic.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2004

Family dynamics of postnatally depressed mothers - discrepancy between expectations and reality.

BACKGROUND: The birth of a new family member always brings changes to family dynamics. The family has to adjust to a new situation and, although the time after childbirth is happy for most families, postnatal depression affects 10-15% of mothers annually. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to ascertain families' experiences of family dynamics when the mother suffers from postnatal depression. DESIGN: Nine families (nine mothers, five fathers) where the mother had displayed symptoms of postnatal depression took part for the study. METHODS: Data were collected through interviews with nine families where the mother had scored 13 or more on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, completed 6-8 weeks after childbirth. Families were offered the opportunity to volunteer for the interview while taking part in a follow-up study of postnatal depression in Finland. Interviews were analysed using the principles of grounded theory. RESULTS: The findings showed that there was great discrepancy between expectations and reality in the depressed mothers' families. Parents, especially mothers, strove for perfection, perceived the infant to tie them down and had high expectations of family life. CONCLUSIONS: Everyday family life and human relationships change, the depression and the parents' attitudes towards the infant manifest themselves in different ways, and support is of great importance. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Women, especially those expecting their first child need a great deal of information about mood changes after childbirth and the opportunity to discuss the changes brought about by the birth of a child.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2002

Family dynamics and health locus of control in adults with ostomies.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family dynamics and health locus of control in families who had a member with an ostomy. DESIGN: The study used a cross-sectional design. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: Data were collected by means of questionnaires completed by 2 groups of families. Twenty-nine subjects in the ostomy group were registered with a local chapter of the United Ostomy Association. Thirty subjects in the non-ostomy control group were recruited from a local church, a university housing complex, and a hospital volunteer service. INSTRUMENTS: The Family Dynamics Measure of 62 Likert-type items measured 6 bipolar dimensions of family dynamics. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale of 18 Likert-type items measured internal or external locus of control. METHODS: Questionnaires were mailed to subjects by staff at the local ostomy association and other cooperating groups. Completed questionnaires were returned by mail to the researcher. RESULTS: Subjects in the ostomy group perceived significantly greater control by powerful others and greater rigidity in the family compared with the non-ostomy group. When families were perceived as rigid, both groups reported significantly greater control by powerful others. Subjects in the ostomy group who reported greater role reciprocity in the family perceived greater health locus of control by powerful others. CONCLUSIONS: Health care professionals and family members (powerful others) play an important role in helping a person with an ostomy. Assessing family dynamics can help professionals identify which aspects of family life are associated with locus of control for the person with an ostomy.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Family dynamics, stages of the elderly with Alzheimer disease, and stages experienced by the family in relation to home care].

A qualitative research carried out with relatives who take care of elderly people with Alzheimer disease, it aimed at describing the experiences of these family members in living with the elderly and analyzing aspects that interfere with the transformations of family dynamics since the onset of the disease. The concept of dialogical education was applied to produce data in the dynamics of creativity and sensitivity Subjects shared the reality of living with the diseased person in the most diverse situations of life, their feelings, their anguish, interpersonal relationship, their expectations and family members' strategies in home co-existence. It was commented that the different stages of the diseased person and his/her family members, respectively, even though not always coinciding, are interpenetrated, thus generating transformations and re-configuration in family dynamics.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incestuous experience among Korean adolescents: prevalence, family problems, perceived family dynamics, and psychological characteristics.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of incest among Korean adolescents and to determine the family problems, perceived family dynamics, and psychological consequences associated with incest in South Korea. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was performed, using an anonymous, self-reporting questionnaire. Data were analyzed by percentages, Chi-square, and t-test statistical analyses, using SAS software program. SAMPLE: A total of 1,672 adolescents (1,053 student adolescents and 619 delinquent adolescents) were selected using proportional stratified random sampling method in this study. RESULTS: The results showed a 3.7% prevalence of incest in the tested Korean population. Families in which incest occurred were characterized by higher levels of problems, such as psychotic disorders, depression, criminal acts, and alcoholism among family members. Adolescent incest victims showed significantly more dysfunctional and unhealthy in terms of family dynamics and expressed significantly higher maladaptive and problematic psychological patterns than nonvictimized adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings identified some of the family problems and dysfunctional family dynamics may associate with intrafamilial child sexual abuse in Korea. Therefore, when an allegation of intrafamilial sexual abuse is made, health professionals should carry out a comprehensive assessment of their family dynamics and an evaluation of the impact of the abuse on the child and family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Family dynamics of mothers and fathers expecting their first or second child].

This study forms part of the international family dynamics project. The study was carried out in two stages. In stage one the aim was to determine how expectant mothers and fathers view the family's activity on six bipolar dimensions (Barnhill 1979). Family dynamics was studied during the third trimester of pregnancy with both mothers (118) and fathers (118) participating in the study (N = 236). The data were collected by questionnaires, using the Family Dynamics Measure. Most parents (86%) reported that their family functioning was either very good or quite good. Married parents reported more stability, flexibility and clearer communication than cohabiting parents did. Mothers reported more flexibility, mutuality and clearer communication than fathers did. Families expecting their first child found more mutuality, role reciprocity and clearer communication than did families expecting their second child.

Adolescent↗