Community disaster planning.
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Disasters↗
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The Southern Region burn disaster plan.
A regional burn disaster plan for 24 burn centers located in 11 states comprising the Southern Region of the American Burn Association was developed using online and in-person collaboration between burn center directors during a 2-year period. The capabilities and preferences of burn centers in the Southern Region were queried. A website with disaster information, including a map of regional burn centers and spreadsheet of driving distances between centers, was developed. Standard terminology for burn center capabilities during disasters was defined as open, full, diverting, offloading, or returning. A simple, scalable, and flexible disaster plan was designed. Activation and escalation of the plan revolves around the requirements of the end user, the individual burn center director. A key provision is the designation of a central communications point colocated at a burn center with several experienced burn surgeons. In a burn disaster, the burn center director can make a single phone call to the communications center, where a senior burn surgeon remote from the disaster can contact other burn centers and emergency agencies to arrange assistance. Available options include diversion of new admissions to the next closest center, transfer of patients to other regional centers, or facilitation of activation of federal plans to bring burn care providers to the affected burn center. Cooperation between regional burn center directors has produced a simple and flexible regional disaster plan at minimal cost to institute or operate.
Burn Units↗
Beyond the disaster plan.
Many medical group disaster plans fail to consider the survival of the organization in the aftermath of extensive damage, instead concentrating only on safety issues at the time of the disaster. To assure a smooth recovery, a disaster plan must include consideration of organizational responsibilities, operational analysis, information flow, economic and financial recovery, and insurance. This comprehensive guide will take the medical group administrator step by step through development of an effective contingency plan for full organizational recovery from a disaster, whether it be relatively minor or monumental.
Disaster Planning↗
Crisis management and disaster planning: some recent lessons.
Two recent disasters--Hurricane Hugo and the San Francisco-Oakland area earthquake--put a number of hospitals (and their disaster plans) to the text this fall. In future issues, we will present details on how hospitals faced those emergencies. The need for crisis management and disaster planning, however, is not limited to natural disasters like hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, or floods. Man-made disasters, both internal and external, can occur virtually at any time. These include accidents, terrorists bombs, fires, explosions, and toxic chemical spills. In this report, we will present the key elements of a crisis management plan, as well as some expert pointers on what to include in a disaster plan. We will give you details on how two hospitals fared when a major air crash occurred in their community. We will tell you some of the things they would do differently, and we will also describe how an interagency disaster planning committee responded.
Accident Prevention↗
Disaster planning at a Friesen concept hospital.
Disaster planning is a task which will probably never be "completed", since to be effective, a disaster plan must constantly be reviewed and modified. The Hospital Disaster Working Committee at the Ottawa General Hospital has so far been presented with both challenge and opportunity. The challenge is to make best use of our new facility, while coping with the changes which a new site predicates. The opportunity is to take advantage of the past experience of our own people and others who are involved in disaster planning, and make a strong beginning.
Disaster Planning↗
Quake tests OR disaster plans.
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California↗
Kankakee, IL: two hospitals; a middle-of-the-night train crash; 114 injured--how their disaster plans played out.
The emergency disaster plans of two Illinois hospitals were recently put to the test after an Amtrak train crash that occurred on the night of March 15 when a passenger train traveling from Chicago to New Orleans collided with a semi-trailer truck, causing the train to derail about 50 miles south of Chicago in the city of Bourbonnais, IL. The injured were taken to Riverside Medical Center and Provena St. Mary's Hospital, Kankakee, IL--a city of 30,000. Out of the 216 passengers on Amtrak's City of New Orleans, 11 people, all located in the sleeper car, were killed and 114 were injured. The accident was the largest that the two area hospitals had ever dealt with. Here's how they handled it.
Communication↗
Evaluation of a hospital disaster plan. 2. A general critique of a disaster drill.
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Disaster Planning↗
Computer system failure: planning disaster recovery.
A disaster recovery plan (DRP) defines the scope of restoration, establishes responsibilities and lists specific actions to be taken after the disaster. Although not actually involved in a DRP or computer systems, nurse managers must understand the steps involved and identify and communicate nursing's requirements.
Disaster Planning↗
Regional disaster planning for hospital pharmacies.
The development of a disaster plan for hospital pharmacy services in Hartford, CT, is described. In June 1978, directors of pharmacy from 12 hospitals in the Hartford, CT, area began a project designed to ensure an uninterrupted supply of drugs and an adequate supply of pharmacy personnel during and after any natural disaster. The project initially involved standardization of components of the individual hospital pharmacies' disaster plans. A questionnaire was then completed by each director of pharmacy regarding hours of operation, telephone numbers, and pharmaceutical products usually stocked (including blood derivatives, radiologic-contrast media, and intravenous solutions). Information on inventory levels was collected later. Pharmaceutical manufactures and wholesalers in the region were contracted, and a list of routine and emergency telephone numbers was compiled. The disaster plan was completed in July 1979. The plan has been tested in a mock catastrophe drill and one natural disaster that caused relatively few injuries.
Connecticut↗
[Disaster planning in Danish hospitals].
With the object of obtaining insight into establishing of disaster planning in Danish hospitals, an investigation was carried out in the departments responsible. The insight of the house officer on duty and his immediate description for disaster planning were employed as indications of the level of establishment of disaster planning. This investigation indicates a low level of establishment of disaster planning and reveals the need for further training and information on this subject.
Denmark↗
An emergency medical system approach to disaster planning.
The increasing prevalence of terrorist attacks and natural disasters has mandated that more emphasis be placed on emergency disaster planning. The report focuses on the 1976 Courthouse bombing in Boston, which generated 20 casualties. Ambulance response by Boston's Emergency Medical Service system was made in 2.5 minutes and all victims were transported from the scene within 20 minutes. Successful management of this incident employed several important principles of disaster planning. These include the initial medical response, staging at the scene, and hospital notification. Additionally, the concept of triage as an integral part of disaster planning is explained with examples of the on-site medical stabilization and treatment of casualties. The importance of these concepts in practice and the necessity of close coordination of ambulance response and the responses of other emergency agencies, i.e., Police and Fire, were clearly demonstrated in the disaster which resulted from the Courthouse bombing.
Adult↗
Role of medical teams in a community disaster plan.
In London, Ont. two mock disaster exercises have indicated the need for re-evaluating the role of medical disaster teams. To coordinate and direct these teams a medical on-site coordinating team, composed of three emergency physicians with an expanded and more clearly defined role, was formed. The role of the triage teams deployed from the hospital to assess and resuscitate casualties is reviewed in detail. In addition, the communication systems, availability and deployment of medical supplies, identification of medical personnel and tagging of casualties are discussed. Because a mass casualty episode is possible in any community, disaster planning and clear outlining of the role of medical disaster teams are needed.
Disaster Planning↗
Emergency department organisation for disasters: a review of emergency department disaster plans in public hospitals of Singapore.
Disaster management plans of emergency departments (EDs) in four major public hospitals were reviewed. A comparison was made between these plans, and they were analyzed to gain an understanding of the differing objectives and doctrines behind the practices. These were summarized into five major management concepts, which are considered to be critical to the success of a disaster plan: 1) staff mobilization systems (cascading vs batch mobilization); 2) staff deployment systems; 3) team organization (surgeons vs residents); 4) area management (the role of the area manager); 5) casualty volume management (accommodation vs expansion vs extension concepts). The concepts derived should serve as a useful guide to the development of an ED disaster plan and potentially influence how new ED facilities could be planned.
Disaster Planning↗
Disaster planning strategies for hospitals.
Considerable agreement exists on objectives for disaster planning in hospitals. However, different strategies have been proposed to achieve these objectives. Some of these strategies are considered from the view point of those hospital personnel directly involved in disaster plans.
Australia↗
HOSPITAL disaster planning.
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Civil Defense↗
Joint Commission zeroes in on disaster plans: is yours up to par?
The Joint Commission says that surveyors are paying close attention to disaster planning. You'll need to demonstrate compliance with many new standards, including performing a hazard vulnerability analysis and working with community organizations. All ED staff members must be prepared to answer questions about their role in disaster planning. Include individuals from community organizations when developing your disaster plan and holding drills.
Bioterrorism↗
Disaster planning: meeting the challenge of 'killer' tornadoes.
In many areas of the country, tornadoes represent a major concern for hospitals in preparing disaster plans. Like all such plans, the hope is that they will not have to be put to use. But last spring, in areas of Arkansas and Texas, damage and casualties from twisters made national headlines and put the disaster plans of a number of hospitals to the test. For example, as part of the country's worst tornado outbreak since March 1994, twisters that tore through Arkansas from southwest to northeast on the afternoon of Saturday, March 1, killed 25 and injured hundreds. The tornadoes left a path of damaged buildings and downed trees more than 200 miles long. Three persons died in the Little Rock suburb of College Station. Warning sirens and TV and radio broadcasts a few minutes before the tornadoes hit were able to give area residents time to take cover, reducing the number of casualties. On May 27, tornadoes that hit three central Texas counties killed 32 people and left hundreds homeless. The small town of Jarrell was flattened by winds of up to 270 mph. In Cedar Park, about 20 miles south of Jarrell, a grocery store was demolished and a nearby shopping center had roofs torn off. Fortunately, there were relatively few injuries. In the area immediately around Jarrell, hospitals reported 33 casualties treated. The small number of injuries may have been the result of a large number of deaths, one official speculated. In this report, we'll give details on how nine hospitals in the affected areas dealt with tornado emergencies and how their disaster plans were carried out.
Arkansas↗