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[Case of dracunculosis medinensis disembarking at Antwerp harbor].
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Dracunculosis in a German shepherd dog.
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[Radiological images of calcified dracunculosis].
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[Surgical aspects of helminthiasis in West Africa (ascariasis, dracunculosis, filariasis, bilhariasis). III. Lymphatic filariasis caused by W. bancrofti].
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[Surgical aspects of helminthiasis in West Africa (ascariasis, dracunculosis, filariasis, bilharziasis). II. Pathology of usual, aberrant or weak migrations of Filaria medinensis].
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[Surgical aspects of helminthiasis in West Africa (ascaridiasis, dracunculosis, filariasis, bilharziasis). VII. Tropical elephantiasis at the time of lymphography].
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[Surgical aspects of helminthiases in West Africa. (Ascariasis, dracunculosis, filariasis, bilharziasis). VIII. Surgical aspects of rare helminthiasis in West Africa. (Distomiasis, cysticercosis, hydatidosis, sparganosis, porocephalosis)].
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[F. Efremov--a Bukhara slave and traveler of the 18th century--author of a helminthological treatise on dracunculosis].
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[Comparison of the results obtained with homologous and heterologous antigens in the immunological study of onchocercosis and dracunculosis].
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[Social and economic impact of dracunculosis: a longitudinal study carried out in 2 villages in Benin].
Dracunculiasis is a severely disabling parasitic disease. In endemic areas it is responsible for heavy economic losses and serious social repercussions. A prospective study in two villages of some 200 inhabitants in Zou Province, central Benin, was carried out over a period of 21 months, which covers two seasons of dracunculiasis transmission. This survey consisted of weekly visits by a medical team and a case study of 30 households conducted by an investigator on 20 days each month. The medical team had the task of detecting and treating all cases of dracunculiasis, and quantifying the duration of each case and the degree of disability of each patient. The investigator noted the number of working days and the distribution of tasks within each household. Days lost on account of dracunculiasis amount to 6.2% of the total number of working days at Lissa and 8.6% at Sozoumé. At certain times of the year as much as 19% of working days may be lost. The reduction in working time leads to a redistribution of tasks among the villagers and, less commonly, to the use of replacement labour. Mutual assistance, very widespread in small communities, makes it possible to maintain income levels. On the other hand, it often involves work by schoolchildren. Young people who stay away from school to replace disabled adults sometimes never return. The annual cost of dracunculiasis has been estimated at 16,000 CFA francs per patient (US$ 60), which corresponds to 15% of a worker's income.
[Epidemiologic study of dracunculosis in the Podokwos of the Mandara mountains (northern Cameroon)].
The purpose of the present work is the study of the epidemiological aspects of dracontiasis in an endemic area in Cameroon. The study was undertaken in the central Podokwo settlement in Mora subdivision. It is a mountainous area with a climate characterized by a long dry season, from October to mid-May, and a short rainy season. Two seasonal, streams run across the settlement. The water supply of the community is ensured throughout the year by two well built wells. During the rainy season, shallow unprotected wells are the water sources of about 80% of the inhabitants. Among the 944 subjects studied in our sample, 251 had the disease, corresponding to a prevalence of 26 6%. There is no significant difference between both sexes in the prevalence of the disease in our study. The age group 13-26 years is most affected. The worm load varies from 1 to 5, averagely 1.5. As to the localization of the worms in the body, in 92.7% of cases the worms is located in the lower limbs, the feet alone representing up to 46.8%. Less common sites of localization are the head, the breast, the external genitalia. The maximum rate of infestation is observed between August and September. Desinfection of wells with chemicals would be recommended during this period of time.
[Evaluation of the repercussions on parasitic endemias (malaria, bilharziasis, onchocerciasis, dracunculosis) of the construction of 57 dams in the Mandara Mountains (North Cameroun)].
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[Evaluation of the efficacy of temephos in the campaign against dracunculosis].
Efficacy of water source treatment with temephos 200 EC had been tested with three methods after treatment of a natural reservoir in a temporary river bed. 1. Residual pesticide in water treatment was measured with a biological test based on the pesticide toxicity on mosquito larvae from a laboratory stock for which the standard LD50 for the considered pesticide is stable and accurately known. After pesticide treatment, samples of the treated source water were taken. 30 larvae were placed in 200 ml of the treated water either pure or diluted in untreated water (ten dilutions tested). The mortality rate of larvae after 24 hours was observed and marked on a probit scale. The LD50 was read directly from the curve. The corresponding dilution of the water sample that contained one standard LD50 was expressed in mg.l-1, using the value of the standard LD50. This method was found reproducible and sensitive (up to 0.001 p.p.m.), depending on the value of the standard LD50. 2. Lethality of cyclopides was measured by numeration of survivals in 10 liters samples and compared to the natural population of a close untreated water reservoir in the higher part of the same river. Results showed that half-life of temephos was shorter than 3 days and the concentration corresponding to the LD50 for cyclopides was reached a week after treatment. Two or three weeks after treatment the cyclopide population was significant and further pesticide application was needed. 3. Decrease of incidence of dracunculiasis was compiled by weekly examination of the population during the season of transmission. Authors observed an incidence of 37% during the 86/87 season.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
[Dracunculosis--a retreating scourge].
Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis) is an easily preventable parasitic illness where one or more worms (Dracunculus medinensis) emerge through the skin about a year after drinking infected water. It is highly debilitating and compromises health, food production and schooling in 19 African nations, and in India. In affected areas it causes more permanent disability than poliomyelitis, and the annual economic cost is estimated to one billion USD. About 120 million poor are at risk. Interventions include providing safe water, teaching people at risk to filter all their drinking water, and chemical treatment of the water. The article discusses the life cycle of the parasite, its socioeconomic consequences, interventions against it and progress toward eradicating guinea worm disease.
[Preliminary epidemiological study of dracunculosis in the southwest of Burkina Faso].
An epidemiologic survey was carried out before the setting up of an applied research project on dracunculiasis control through three strategies. The data were collected by house-to-house visits and from family cards. The overall incidence rate was 10.3 per cent + 0.9 with variations from 1.7 to 35 per cent according to the villages. The incidence rates were significantly higher in the 5-14 and 15-59 years age groups. On the opposite, there was no significant difference between the rates according to sex. The disease presented a family feature and cases were concentrated in 35 per cent of families. The proportion of polyparasitism was important more than half of patients had two or more worms. The measurement of the same indicators at the end of project will allow the assessment of the project results.
Dracunculosis of radio-ulnar joint: an unusual manifestation.
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[Dracunculosis control by three techniques in the south-west of Burkina Faso. Compared efficacy of the techniques].
A study on the effectiveness of health education, chemical treatment of water sources and the two combined measures was carried out in ten dracunculiasis endemic villages in South-Western Burkina Faso from 1985 to 1989. Data on cases were collected by active case-finding. Dracunculiasis was eliminated from four villages through health education and from four other through combined measures after four years. Endemy was reduced by 67 p. 100 in two villages through chemical treatment. Difficulties encountered in the setting up of the measures and place of each of them in control programs are discussed.