[LOCALIZATION OF SPARTEINE IN CYTISUS SCOPARIUS LINK. (SAROTHAMNUS SCOPARIUS L. WIMM.) DURING THE VEGETATION STAGE].
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Three seed sources of lectins which are of potential value in the classification of red cell polyagglutinability are described.
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Sequences of cpDNA (rbcL) were determined for 94 species and of ncDNA [ITS 1 + 2 regions (internal transcribed spacer) of rDNA] for 75 species representing mainly the papilionoid tribes Sophoreae, Thermopsideae Podalyrieae, Liparieae, Crotalarieae, and Genisteae. Sequence data were used to reconstruct the underlying molecular phylogeny. Several clusters and furcations were identical in the rbcL and ITS trees of the Papilionoideae, indicating that a reticulate evolution due to past hybridization of members from different tribes and genera is unlikely: The Sophoreae (especially Styphnolobium japonicum (syn. Sophora japonica) and Sophora secundiflora) are positioned at the base of the papilionoid tree, whereas some other Sophora species (Sophora davidii, flavescens, jaubertii, microphylla) are closely related to Thermopsideae/Podalyrieae. The Thermopsideae/Podylyrieae cluster (including Liparieae) shares ancestry with the Crotalarieae and Genisteae. Argyrolobium (African taxa) and Melolobium cluster between Crotalarieae and Genisteae. In the Genisteae three clusters are apparent: the monophyletic genus Lupinus, the Cytisus-, and the Genista-group. According to this analysis, the Cytisus-complex includes Cytisus, Lembotropis, Chamaecytisus, Spartocytisus, and Calicotome. The Genista-group consists of Genista, Teline, and Chamaespartium sagittale. Other genera (e.g., Adenocarpus, Argyrocytisus, Cytisophyllum, Erinacea, Laburnum, Petteria, Retama, Spartium, and Ulex) could not be attributed unequivocally to the Cytisus or Genista complex.
The extracts of four rare plants found on the islands of Sicily, Vulcano and Marettimo, Southern Italy, were screened for their inhibitory effect on the production of leukotriene B4 by 5-lipoxygenase in intact cells. The methanol extracts of pods of Cytisus aeolicus and aerial parts of Thymus richardii were the most active extracts, inhibiting almost completely the leukotriene B4 production at 200 and 50 microg/ml, respectively.