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Cycasin and its lagycone, methylazoxymethanol, increase the mutant frequency of Salmonella typhimurium histidine auxotrophs when tested in the hostmediated assay. As expected, the degree of cycasin-related mutagenic activity depends on the facility with which the compound can be enzymatically deglucosylated by the normal intestinal flora.
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To extend the information on the mutagenic effect of methylazoxymethanol (MAM) acetate, which has been established as a potent carcinogen, the frequency of sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) was determined in bone marrow cells of Sprague Dawley rats and in cultured rat lymphocytes. To get differentially stained chromatids under in vivo conditions, the rats received 5-bromodeoxyuridine adsorbed on activated charcoal intraperitoneally. Chromosomes were stained with fluorescence plus Giemsa. In this study a significant increase of SCE frequency after the application of various concentrations of MAM acetate could be observed both in vivo and in vivo.
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