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Results for “Consensual Union”

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PubMed1991

[Changes in family and cohabitation conditions in 14 industrialized countries].

"The purpose of the study is to review some of the demographic trends which have substantial influence on social security budgets. Thus the authors deal with nuptiality and...[divorce] with changes in family and household structures...[and] especially with one-person households and one-parent families." Data are from 12 selected countries of Europe plus Canada and the USSR. The general trends observed include a decline in nuptiality, increasing age at marriage, high and increasing divorce rates, and an increase in consensual unions. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Americas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nuptiality during the 1980s in Cuba].

"This study presents an analysis of the demographic characteristics, levels and tendencies followed by Cuban nuptiality during the 1980s. The author uses the data provided by the 1987... National Survey on Human Fertility and data recorded in the last Cuban census, taken in 1981, to evaluate the changes experienced by women of fertile age of various marital status--primarily those in legal marriage and consensual unions--, highlighting the differences between the two [and]...analyzing the two in terms of various socioeconomic attributes...." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Americas↗
PubMed1988

Recent trends in family and household composition in Europe.

"This article attempts to give a broad overview of trends in family and household composition in Europe during the last few decades. The focus is on Western Europe. We look at the decreasing average size of the household and the family (section 2) and its demographic causes. The changing role of the traditional family is reviewed in section 3, while section 4 contains a discussion of non-traditional household types: one-parent families, consensual unions and one-person households. Future trends in living arrangements are explored in section 5, where simulation results of a dynamic household model, applied to the Netherlands, are presented." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Developed Countries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changing marriage behaviour: some European comparisons.

"This paper analyses the recent changes in marriage behaviour in Western Europe, concentrating on four aspects: a) trends in first marriages, b) nonmarital cohabitation, c) extra-marital fertility, and d) premarital pregnancies." The results indicate a general decline in first marriages, an increase in consensual unions, an increase in fertility outside marriage, and, in many countries, fewer premarital conceptions being legalized through marriage. The author suggests that these trends indicate a decline in the importance of the legal aspects of marriage rather than a change in pair bonding values. (summary in FRE, ITA)

Demography↗
PubMed1992

Unmarried cohabitation in Czechoslovakia.

Trends in consensual union in Czechoslovakia are discussed using data from two surveys conducted in 1985 and 1990. "Results showed that 31% and 37% of couples contracting their first marriage lived together in 1985 and 1990, respectively. The proportion of cohabitants among couples contracting a second or third marriage was 73% and 77%. Our conclusion is that unmarried cohabitation in Czechoslovakia...is not of a Scandinavian type.... We call it 'engaged cohabitation', which is oriented toward marriage."

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1989

[Marriage rate, divorce rate, and the development of the Bulgarian family].

The author examines the new forms of consensual union that are becoming increasingly prevalent in Europe and their detrimental effects on the reproduction of generations and socialization. "Using data from the sociological study conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 1977 and the data obtained in the latest population census in 1985, the development of the Bulgarian family and influence of [these] new social relations under socialism are investigated." Particular attention is given to trends in marriage and divorce rates. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Bulgaria↗
PubMed2002

Psychosocial contexts of the homosexuality of Filipino men in heterosexual unions.

The Philippines is one developing country in which a systematic inquiry on the homosexuality of men in heterosexual consensual union is rare. With the thought that the public can be guided more knowledgeably in forming some responsible knowledge and opinion about homosexual men's lives within heterosexual unions, a small-scale exploratory study was carried out and completed in 1997 among 15 married or co-habiting men in Metro Manila, the Philippines. The research delved into respondents' sexual histories; their perceptions of own homosexual attraction, desire and orientation; and their reasons, motivations and expectations for marrying or cohabiting. It also looked into respondents' reports of whether their partners knew their sexual orientation; respondents' roles and responsibilities in household management and decision making; and effects of respondents' homosexuality on marital and familial relationships.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Discovering the invisible Puerto Rican slave family: demographic evidence from the eighteenth century.

Traditional notions that family life among slaves during the pre-plantation period in the non-Hispanic Caribbean was necessarily unstable are fading in light of new research. Although marriage among this segment of the population in Caguas, Cayey, San Germán, and Yauco--rural parishes in Puerto Rico--involved only a fraction of the overall number of marriages in these communities, the marriage of slaves was much more frequent than previously assumed. Family life among the eighteenth-century Puerto Rican slave population appears to have been quite stable, as shown by the reconstruction of birth intervals for both married and unmarried mothers. Married and unmarried mothers exhibited similar reproductive behavior. These results strongly suggest that a majority of the unmarried slave mothers lived in unions that were not institutionally recognized, but that were nevertheless stable, as indicated by the high percentage of their children born at intervals comparable to those of married mothers. If unmarried mothers were living in stable consensual unions, then our understanding of these slave family units during the colonial period must be reassessed not only for Puerto Rico but possibly for the rest of the Caribbean and Latin America.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1999

[Reproductive characteristics of women from 15 to 49 years of age: comparative studies and planning for actions].

INTRODUCTION: The availability of socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive health data about women at national, regional and municipal levels allows comparisons between regions and may offer background information for planning actions of the Program of Integrated Assistance for Women's Health. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Southern Brazil. Three thousand and two women aged 15 to 49 years living in an urban area in Pelotas, were selected for inclusion in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive characteristics. The analysis included comparison of means and proportions. In the sterilization analysis the data were controlled for age. RESULTS: Nearly 56% of the women were married/in union and 35% were single. A third of them were housewives and 50% were wage workers. The mean of schooling was 8.5 years. Almost, half of the adolescents (15 to 19 years old) have an active sexual life, and of those 33% had already been pregnant. A high percentage of unwanted pregnancy was reported, mainly among younger women. Near the end of their reproductive life (women aged 45 to 49 years) the mean of children per woman was 2.4. The most prevalent methods were pill and sterilization. Among married women or those living in consensual union, 15% had been sterilized. The sterilization rate increased with age and attained nearly 25% of women aged over 35 years; 29.6% of sterilized women had had a stillborn child and 18.3% a pre-term baby; 20% of husbands/partners did not accept the use of any contraceptive method. CONCLUSIONS: The study results confirm the need for additional attention to and development of special programs for adolescents, improvements in the access to services, increase in the use of the contraceptive options already available and research and programatic actions related to the theme "men/reproductive health.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1998

Regional differences in living arrangements among the elderly in Ecuador.

On the national level in Ecuador in 1982 roughly 61 percent of elderly people 60 years and over lived in complex family households, but this was 70 percent in the Coastal region (Costa) compared with only 54 percent in the Mountain region (Sierra), these two regions comprising over 95 percent of Ecuador's 1982 population. The regional difference could not be explained by standard demographic or socioeconomic characteristics available in the 1982 Census, either among all elderly people or unmarried women elderly. Rather, the regional difference may reflect underlying value and attitude differences not measured in the Census. As the marital structure of the adult population in the two areas has been quite different, consensual union being much more common in the Costa than the Sierra, we are left to wonder if there might be two different family systems at play. Such speculation will need to be addressed by future research.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

[Profile of adolescents with repeated pregnancies attended at a prenatal clinic].

This study identified the biopsychosocial profile of adolescent with repeated pregnancies, who were attended at a prenatal clinic. Data were collected through patient records and interviews and were subject to quantitative analysis. Based on the obtained results and in accordance with literature, factors that are strongly associated with the occurrence of pregnancy repetition were selected in the adolescents' profiles. These are: early menarche; first sexual intercourse shortly after menarche; school repetition; school dropout; non remunerated occupation; low family income; involvement with older partners; living with the partner; consensual union with the partner; one partner; low condom use; family history of adolescent pregnancy; father's absence because of death or abandonment; positive family reaction to previous pregnancy; previous abortion; adolescent's positive concepts about previous delivery; and absence from previous postpartum consultations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Differential indicators of loneliness among elderly. The importance of type of partner relationship, partner history, health, socioeconomic status and social relations].

Using data from the 1992 NESTOR-survey 'Living arrangements and social networks of older adults' (N = 4494), the aim of the present study is to identify specific categories of older adults who are most vulnerable to loneliness. By looking at different types of partner relationships (first, second, and third marriages; consensual unions; partners who are not household members) and at partner histories (never married, ever divorced, ever widowed, remarried), this study elaborates on previous research which has tended to look only at the presence versus the absence of partner relationships. Findings indicate that different types of partner relationships provide differential protection against loneliness. There appears to be a 'shadow of the past' of a previous divorce or widowhood in second and third partnerships, which accounts for generally higher levels of loneliness. Single men tend to be more lonely than single women. Moreover, there are no differences in loneliness between men who have always been single and those previously married. Among single women, differences in partner history are relevant: never married single women tend to be least vulnerable to loneliness. The differences in loneliness between older adults with different types of partner relationships and partner histories are only partially attributable to network and social participation differences. The latter independently contribute to the explanation of loneliness. The role of non-social determinants (health and socioeconomic position) is also examined. The results underscore the socially isolating effects of sensory impairments. Older adults with functional limitations, and those with visual or auditory problems tend to be more lonely, findings which are only partially attributable to differences in the number and quality of social relationships. Socioeconomic circumstances primarily have an indirect influence on loneliness. Those with higher levels of educational attainment and higher incomes tend to have more extensive social networks and are therefore less prone to loneliness.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pregnancy in adolescent women: the point of view of the relatives].

This is descriptive study, which aims at understanding the family members' point of view, regarding the pregnancy of an adolescent. The research was carried out in Mossoró-RN, in Conjunto Liberdade II. Fourteen families participated in the study and the sample of family members was constituted of nineteen people: thirteen mothers, a grandmother, two mothers-in-law, a father, a stepfather and a father-in-law. Among the results of the study, it was verified that the preoccupation with physical and emotional immaturity of the pregnant adolescents, as well as economic matters dominated in the discourses of a considerable number of family members; that the situational intrafamily crisis seemed to be solved with the evolution of pregnancy and the conflicts could be resolved earlier when the adolescent was able to establish a consensual union with her sexual partner. It was also observed that, in spite of the crisis the family was going through, solidarity among the family members overcame the negative emotional reactions and the initial interpersonal conflicts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Sexual experience and use of contraception among young adults in Latin America.

Although a formal public health surveillance system has not yet been established in Latin America to document the attitudes of young people toward sex education, sexual activity, and contraception and their behaviors in these areas, representative data are available from 12 household-based Young Adult Reproductive Health Surveys conducted in seven countries since 1985. The surveys indicate that the rate of sexual experience before marriage or consensual union for males is much higher than that for females, and first sexual experience occurs at a younger age for males than for females. However, from 34% to 90% of females 20-24 years of age report having had premarital sexual relations. No more than 41% of females and 31% of males report that they or their partner used contraception at first sexual experience. Less than one-third of both young men and young women could identify the most fertile period during the menstrual cycle. The results of such surveys have provided program officials and policymakers with data to plan, implement, and evaluate interventions targeted for young adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimation of fecundability from survey data.

The estimation of fecundability from survey data is plagued by methodological problems such as misreporting of dates of birth and marriage and the occurrence of premarital exposure to the risk of conception. Nevertheless, estimates of fecundability from World Fertility Survey data for women married in recent years appear to be plausible for most of the surveys analyzed here and are quite consistent with estimates reported in earlier studies. The estimates presented in this article are all derived from the first interval, the interval between marriage or consensual union and the first live birth conception.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1993

[Attitudes and behavior for reproductive health].

Educational interventions represent an alternative for the reproductive well-being. The objective of this investigation was to identify in a mexican community, attitudes and behaviors related to reproductive health, with the goal of implementing a specific health education program. The study population consisted of women between 12 and 44 years old, living in non-residential areas of the Delegation Miguel Hidalgo, D.F. Variables of interest were analyzed only in women with parity (n = 300). Data were collected through interview. The mean age was 31 +/- 8 years. 93.3% were married or in consensual union. 63% had elementary, junior high or prevocational studies. 89% answered that would visit the doctor before considering a pregnancy (junior high+, p < .05), 99% would seek prenatal care if they were pregnant, and 92.7% would have a hospital delivery (parity < or = 3, p < .003). 69.5% had a preconceptional visit before their last pregnancy and 89.9% received prenatal care (junior high+, p < .008). 92.5% had only hospital deliveries (< or = 30 years, p < .05, junior high+, p < .0001, primigravida p < .002, with institutionalized medical services, p < .001), 1.7% had only out-of-hospital deliveries, and 5.8% both. Agreement between attitudes and behaviors are presented. An educational program consisting of confirmation and support to positive attitudes, values and beliefs, and reinforcement to decision making, will result in a final behavior: early assistance to medical care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Out of the wedlock childbearing in Puerto Rico.

In 1978, the proportion of out of the wedlock childbearing amounted to 18 percent, the lowest figure ever recorded in Puerto Rico. Since then, a consistent upward trend has been observed and in 1994 almost 42 percent of all live births was attributed to non-legally married mothers; 32 percent to mothers in consensual unions and ten percent to unwed mothers (not cohabiting with her child's father). Out of the wedlock childbearing is higher among adolescents and mothers of the lowest socioeconomic status as well as, among mothers out of the labor force. As compared with the legally married out of the wedlock mothers received a poorer prenatal care; those not cohabiting with their child's father receiving the poorest. Among out of the wedlock mothers the proportions of low birthweight newborns, preterm and depressed are higher than among the legally married, as well as their infant mortality rates.

Adolescent↗