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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Possibilities of assessment of the volume of extracellular fluid in children by integral conductometry].

The aim of this research was to specify M. I. Tischenko's formula (1978) for the estimation of the volume of extracellular liquid on the basis of integral resistance so as to use it in children. Simultaneous assessment of the volume of extracellular fluid by thiosulfate dilution method and registration of the basal integral resistance with data processing helped correct the formula for use in practical pediatrics. The technique of assessment of the volume of extracellular fluid is simple, does not involve intravenous infusions of drugs or blood collection, rapid, and reproducible under any conditions. It may be used for assessment of the volume of extracellular fluid in children with the edematous syndrome associated with renal diseases (acute renal failure, glomerulonephritis), liver diseases, circulatory insufficiency. Repeated studies give valuable information about the state of water-salt metabolism in patients with hyper- or dehydration and help assess the therapy efficacy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Two-Dimensional detection in ion chromatography: sequential conductometry after suppression and passive hydroxide introduction.

An improved method that uses sequential suppressed and nonsuppressed IC for the sensitive detection of both common anions and very weak acid anions is described. After suppressed conductometric detection of an electrolytically generated hydroxide eluent and an electrolytic suppressor, the eluent is passed into a membrane device where KOH is passively introduced into the eluent stream using Donnan forbidden leakage. A second conductivity detector then measures the conductivity of the stream. The background conductance of the second detector is typically maintained at a relatively low level of 20-30 microS/ cm. The weak acids are converted to potassium salts that are fully ionized and are detected against a low KOH background as negative peaks. The applicability of different commercially available cation exchange membranes was studied. Device configurations investigated include planar, tubular, and a filament-filled annular helical (FFAH) device. The FFAH device provided more effective mixing of the penetrated hydroxide with the eluent stream, resulting in a noise level of < or = 7 nS/cm and a band dispersion value of less than 82 microL. Optimal design and performance data are presented.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

[Individual selection of the total dose of laser energy in percutaneous laser disk nucleotomy].

On the basis of studies on concentration and mobility of ions in the solution (conductometry technique) an individual selection is suggested of the total dose of laser energy during the percutaneous laser disk nucleotimy sessions. The conductometry technique permits arriving at an objective decision on both completion/continuation of the operation and change in the laser energy rate.

Diskectomy, Percutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Molecular recognition by natural macrocycles. I. d-tubocurarine as a host molecule for organic anions.

The binding of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate and 15 anions of substituted benzoic, aliphatic dicarboxylic, and N-acetyl-alpha-amino acids to a macrocyclic alkaloid d-tubocurarine in aqueous solution has been studied by fluorometry, conductometry, and 1H NMR. The binding constants vary from ca. 50 to 3300 M-1 depending on the guest structure, charge and hydrophobicity. The results of fluorescence and NMR studies show that the host-guest complexation of the anions of aromatic acids involves the formation of a salt bridge between the quaternary nitrogen of the alkaloid and the anionic group of the guest as well as hydrophobic/Van der Waals interactions between the guest and host aromatic moieties. The binding of dianions of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids most probably is purely electrostatic. In general, d-tubocurarine possesses binding ability comparable to that of synthetic cyclophanes. It binds enantiospecifically anions of N-acetyl-alpha-amino acids and discriminates between positional isomers of anions of hydroxy and carboxy substituted benzoic acids.

Anions↗
PubMed1976

[Investigations in streaming blood of the alert animal and man. II. Investigations on the mechanism of water resorption from the gut into the portal vein blood in the rat (author's transl)].

Arteriovenous differences (AVD) of electrolyte concentration in the gut are followed by continuous conductometry of ultrafiltrates of portal venous and aortic blood. Intraduodenal application of tap water amounting to 0.5, 1,0 or 2,0% body weight lead to extremely variable reactions both in time course and dimension of AVD. Whereas large and fast changes can be described by a single exponential term, small and slow changes show saturation effects. Evidence is presented, that these differences correspond to permeability changes, both for water in the direction: lumen to blood and for electrolytes in the direction: blood to lumen. Thirst has an enhancing effect on AVD. A dual resorptive pathway is proposed to fit the data.

Animals↗