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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Mechanical ventilation protects one-storey single-dwelling houses against increased air humidity, domestic mite allergens and indoor pollutants in a cold climatic region.

BACKGROUND: Poor ventilation in modern, highly insulated housing is an important factor in promoting indoor humidity levels to exceed 7 g/kg in cold climatic regions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ventilation rate in houses with different ventilation systems in relation to indoor air humidity, domestic mite allergen levels and volatile organic compounds (VOC). METHODS: Measurements were performed regarding ventilation rate, indoor temperature, air humidity, mattress mite allergen concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and total indoor VOC in 59 similarly constructed one-storey single-dwelling houses. In 22 of the houses, a mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation were installed after construction. RESULTS: In only five of the houses with mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation the air exchange rate per hour (ACH) was below 0. 5 compared with 24 of the 29 houses with natural ventilation (OR = 0. 06, CI 95% 0.01-0.2). None of the 23 houses with an ACH >/= 0.5 had an absolute indoor humidity (AIH) of 7 g/kg air or more, compared with 10 of the 36 houses with an ACH < 0.5 (P = 0.01 ). In none of the 23 houses with an ACH >/= 0.5 were concentrations of mite allergen exceeding 2 microg/g of dust found, compared with six of the 36 houses (17%) with an ACH below 0.5 (P = 0.04). Further, 10 of the 34 houses with a total VOC exceeding 200 microg/m3 had mite allergen in mattress dust exceeding 0.5 microg/g, compared with one of the 22 houses with VOC < 200 microg/m3 (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The study shows that in modern, highly insulated, one-storey single-dwelling houses in cold temperate regions, mechanical ventilation increases the possibility of reaching an ACH of >/= 5 which protects against indoor humidity levels contributing to mite survival as well as high levels of indoor air pollutants in winter.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1998

Decay rates in a cold climate region: a review of cases involving advanced decomposition from the Medical Examiner's Office in Edmonton, Alberta.

Previous research into postmortem interval (PMI) estimation has been restricted to temperate and arid climates. Results suggest that decomposition rates may be significantly slower in cold weather regions. Preliminary research to conduct a cold weather time since death study has begun in Edmonton, which experiences mean monthly temperatures below freezing five months of the year. A case review at Edmonton's Office of the Chief Medical Examiner from 1990 to 1996 provided background information on a sample of 20 cases involving advanced decomposition, with partial to complete skeletonization of remains. Cases with a PMI of less than seven months were compared with regional weather records to establish the mean PMI temperature. Results indicate that skeletonization can occur in less than six weeks in summer and four months in winter, despite freezing temperatures. In some cases, postmortem animal activity accelerated decomposition rates.

Adult↗