Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Clients”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Analyses of client variables in a series of psychotherapy sessions with two child clients.

Studied the process of child psychotherapy by means of analyses of client verbal behaviors. Audio-video recordings were made of nine intermittent psychotherapy sessions with 2 child clients, aged 8 and 12. A randomized mastertape of 4-minute segments was rated for self-exploration by means of the Carkhuff scale. Transcripts were categorized by means of an extended Snyder system and a preliminary set of grammatical variables. Transcripts then were minutized, and all client variables were intercorrelated and factor-analyzed. According to the research expectations, a high level of interrater reliability for the Carkhuff scale and high levels of interjudge agreement for the extended Snyder system were found. Analyses of the client variables demonstrated the nature of each client's verbal responding as well as their pattern of change across successive therapy sessions. The overall verbal response behavior of each client was summarized best through the factor analyses. Communalities and individual differences between the clients were discussed. Future directions for the study of client variables in child psychotherapy process research were suggested.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed2002

'Partnership': a co-operative inquiry between Community Mental Health Nurses and their clients. 2. The nurse-client relationship.

This paper describes the output of a co-operative enquiry between Community Mental Health Nurses and their clients. Two nurses and two clients volunteered to participate as co-researchers and co-subjects with two facilitators in a co-operative inquiry group. The subject of the inquiry, agreed by the group, was the relationship between the nurse and client. The description of the nurse-client relationship and the influences on it is extremely rich and potentially useful with implications for clinical and managerial practice. Despite the limitations of the study, co-operative inquiry appears to be a useful vehicle for contributing to an increased understanding of the nurse-client relationship with potential for further research and development. Unsurprisingly, when both the relationship characteristics and the health care context are appropriate there seems to be more positive outcomes for both nurse and client. Within the current health policy context there are increased external demands with the potential to disrupt this relationship. Nurses need to be aware of the potential effects of these so that the relationship and the client do not suffer and health service managers need to be aware of the contribution their behaviour may have on the nurse-client relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Enhancing client competence: melding professional and client knowledge in public health nursing practice.

Providing health information is an important aspect of public health nursing. This article describes how public health nurses (PHNs) give information to enhance client competence. The findings are part of a larger study that explored PHNs perspectives and experiences of their practice. The study employed an exploratory descriptive qualitative research design. Data were gathered through in-depth individual and focus group interviews with 28 PHNs in Alberta, Canada. Content analysis revealed that nurses work to enhance client competence by sharing professional knowledge and by building on the client's experiential knowledge. Nurses provide information to assist clients with immediate concerns and for future use, PHNs use three main strategies to deal with immediate concerns: being direct, providing options, and presenting a different view. Information for future use focused on enhancing development and forestalling future problems. Nurses build on clients' experiential knowledge by acknowledging their present situation, giving positive feedback, being there, and gently persuading. The authors suggest that the melding of professional and client knowledge is foundational to health promotion approaches that enhance client competence. There is a need for further research that explores the intricacies of developing partnerships between professionals and clients that embrace a sharing of professional and experiential knowledge.

Alberta↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of verbal evaluation of clients with limited English proficiency and English-speaking clients in physical rehabilitation settings.

OBJECTIVES: Recent literature has emphasized collaborative goal setting between therapists and clients and has sought to increase therapists' awareness of treating in cross-cultural settings. How occupational therapists verbally evaluate clients with limited English proficiency (LEP) is important to these topics and underdeveloped in the literature. METHOD: Seventy-four occupational therapists working with adult clients with LEP in physical rehabilitation settings in large U.S. metropolitan areas were surveyed to discover the time taken, methods used, and themes surrounding verbal evaluation, including use of translators and respondents' linguistic abilities. A follow-up telephone interview of 12 survey respondents clarified these discoveries. RESULTS: Respondents reported taking 11.5 min more to verbally evaluate clients with LEP than for English-speaking clients and reported understanding the treatment needs of clients with LEP after verbal evaluation less well. Respondents with higher abilities in second languages reported better understanding of clients" needs than monolingual respondents. CONCLUSION: Methods for cross-lingual verbal evaluation need to be identified so that therapists can collaborate with clients with LEP in planning culturally sensitive treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Identification of problems and strengths of the hospice client by clients, caregivers, and nurses. Implications for nursing.

This exploratory study included instrument development as well as testing. The purpose of the study was to ascertain whether primary caregivers and hospice nurses identified the same problems and strengths of individual clients as did clients themselves. The instrument, a 27-item modified Q-sort, was based on review of literature on the concept Quality of Life. Dembo's Insider versus Outsider Perspective was the theoretical framework. Using the instrument, participants identified the problems and strengths of the client in the current time frame. Twenty consenting hospice clients, their primary caregiver, and their assigned hospice nurse were studied. No significant differences were found between clients, nurses, and caregivers when Total instrument means were compared (F = 1.38, p = 0.26). Three of the 27 items showed significant differences in the means of the three groups. Reliability coefficients showed high internal consistency on the Total instrument (0.87). Nurses and caregivers were found to identify problems and strengths of the client as perceived by the client. Findings corroborated Dembo's theory. Support of the hospice concept as the appropriate method of care for terminally ill clients was suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Factors associated with client-reported HIV infection among clients entering methadone treatment.

To determine demographic and behavioral factors associated with client-reported HIV infection among new enrollees in methadone maintenance treatment programs (MMTPs) in Massachusetts and Connecticut, we examined ethnographic data and interview data from MMTP clients (N = 674). Clients responded to questions about behaviors in the 30 days before drug treatment. ETHNOGRAPH was used to analyze qualitative data, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with client-reported HIV infection. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. The client-reported HIV infection rate was 20% (132/674). Odds ratios for factors associated with client-reported HIV infection were being white (0.53), increase in age (1.07), use of non-injected heroin (0.12), use of injected heroin (6.24), cocaine injection (1.78), sharing of "works" with strangers (2.15), and "safer sex" behavior (4.04). Additionally, 35% of those who did not use illicit drugs reported being seropositive. The qualitative data suggested HIV positive clients were concerned about protecting sex partners, and learning of HIV infection motivated some to stop using drugs. Although some clients engaged in low-risk behaviors, others did not, therefore the potential for HIV transmission among injection drug users (IDUs) in Connecticut and Massachusetts exists. HIV prevention and drug treatment program personnel should reinforce and build on the low-risk behaviors that are acceptable and adopted by some in this population.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Client-centred rehabilitation: client perspectives.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to understand the important components of client-centred rehabilitation from the perspective of adult clients with long-term physical disabilities. METHOD: Focus groups were conducted with adult clients who had completed at least one course of rehabilitation in the publicly-funded rehabilitation system in Ontario. Data were analysed using an iterative inductive approach. RESULTS: The major theme underlying all of the participants' comments was the need for better transitions between rehabilitation programs and the community. Participants felt ill-prepared for community living and the emotional challenges of living with a long-term condition and, once discharged from rehabilitation, felt isolated and had difficulty finding out about and accessing community services. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that client-centred rehabilitation encompasses much more than goal-setting and decision-making between individual clients and professionals. It refers to a philosophy or approach to the delivery of rehabilitation services that reflects the needs of individuals and groups of clients. This entails a shift from an acute-illness, curative model to one that acknowledges the long-term nature of the career of chronic illness or disability. Definitions of evidence that is deemed credible need to be broadened beyond expert, 'scientific' evidence to include multiple dimensions of evidence including the expertise of the client.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Staff affirmations and client criticisms: staff and client perceptions of quality of care at sexually transmitted disease clinics.

OBJECTIVES: Public health sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics play a central role in STD control efforts. This study addressed the perceived quality of client services at two STD clinics in Alabama. GOAL: The goal of this study was to evaluate and develop tools for assessment of client satisfaction at STD clinics. STUDY: Four focus groups of staff (N=16) and clients (N=15) at the clinics were conducted between June and November 2003. RESULTS: Staff and client assessments of respect, privacy protections, and friendliness at the clinics differed in substantial ways. Clients were concerned with visibility, being stigmatized or disrespected, and about a breach of confidentiality. Concerns about being stigmatized focused mainly on nonclinical staff. The staff did not perceive these concerns to be warranted. Quality of medical care was rated high by both groups. CONCLUSION: Staff-client interactions are an important element of STD care, and "front desk" actions set the tone at public STD clinics. Nonclinicians should receive training to improve body language and other behaviors to alleviate the stigma concerns of clients who are anxious, fearful, and sometimes distrustful of the health system.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effects of client interviewers on client-reported satisfaction with mental health services.

A study at two outpatient facilities compared two methods of collecting data on client satisfaction with mental health services provided by case managers and by physicians. A satisfaction survey instrument was developed with input from clients. A total of 120 clients were randomly assigned to be interviewed by either a staff member or a client. Clients from both facilities reported high levels of satisfaction regardless of the type of interviewer. Clients gave a significantly greater number of extremely negative responses when they were interviewed by client interviewers. No difference between the two groups was found in overall satisfaction with services received from case managers or physicians.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Client satisfaction in a health maintenance organization: providers' perceptions compared to clients' reports.

This study seeks to compare clients' reports of satisfaction/dissatisfaction with an HMO and its medical care program to providers' perceptions of client satisfaction. The main conclusion is that providers are fairly aware of medical care system attributes with which clients are highly satisfied and dissatisfied. Those with direct patient contact, especially physicians and nurses, are most accurate in their perceptions. Personnel without direct patient contact are about equally accurate in their perceptions of client satisfaction, though personnel without patient contact perceive relatively more dissatisfaction than clients report. Most approaches to medical care evaluation examine costs and efficiency and, more recently, the technical quality of care. Less attention has been given to the assessment of client satisfaction, and almost no attention has been given to what providers perceive as the assessment of clients. Clearly, HMOs' viability is determined largely by their ability to identify and correct major problems affecting their enrollments.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Client relevant care and quality of life: the trial of a Client Generated Index (CGI) tool for community nursing.

Community nursing organisations worldwide seek optimal ways to ensure adequate measurement of health outcomes for the client following nursing care, and to facilitate a consumer focus. This article presents a trial of the Client Generated Index (CGI) tool that subjectively assesses and measures the quality of life outcomes pertaining to a client's health status, whilst also facilitating individualised care. Sixty district nursing clients participated in the trial, which ascertained that the CGI tool effectively directs the client to list, grade and prioritise personally relevant quality of life issues. Consequently, this tool is being incorporated into client admission and discharge assessment within the organisation.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2004

Client and community services satisfaction with an assertive community treatment subprogram for inner-city clients in Edmonton, Alberta.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate client and agency satisfaction with a specific assertive community treatment subprogram, known as inner-city support, developed in Edmonton to target the inner-city population, and to determine the demographics and potential needs of this population. METHOD: Clients were administered questionnaires based on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Satisfaction With Life Scale. We also conducted a face-to-face interview. We contacted and similarly surveyed 18 community agencies. RESULTS: The program was well received, although areas for improvements included dissemination of information and hours of operation. Clients also requested more input regarding the development of activities. Clients were predominantly male with a diagnosis of schizophrenia comorbid with substance abuse and antisocial personality disorders, a history of forensic contact, homeless, and dependent on social assistance. CONCLUSION: Among the population with serious and persistent mental illness, inner-city clients represent a particularly disadvantaged subpopulation that may benefit from specialized community programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Assessing client strengths: clinical assessment for client empowerment.

The proposition that client strengths are central to the helping relationship is simple enough and seems uncontroversial as an important component of practice. Yet deficit, disease, and dysfunction metaphors are deeply rooted in clinical social work, and the emphasis of assessment has continued to be diagnosing abnormal and pathological conditions. This article argues that assessment in clinical practice, among other things, is a political activity. Assessment that focuses on deficits provides obstacles to client exercise of personal and social power and reinforces those social structures that generate and regulate unequal power relationships that victimize clients. Clinical practice based on metaphors of client strengths is also political in that it is congruent with the potential for client empowerment. This article discusses the importance of a client strengths perspective for assessment and proposes 12 practice guidelines that foster a strengths perspective.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

Moderators and mediators of client satisfaction in case management programs for clients with severe mental illness.

This randomized experiment first determined that clients with severe mental illness who received Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) were more satisfied with their treatment program than were clients in a brokered case management program (BCM). Eight demographic and diagnostic variables were examined as potential moderators of the treatment effect. Only one of the eight varables, diagnosis of depression, interacted with treatment condition to effect client satisfaction. However, there were several important mediators of client satisfaction: intensity of program contacts, continuity of program contacts, supportive services (i.e, assistance with activities of daily living), and the strength of the helping alliance as perceived by the client.

Case Management↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of data from dental charts, client interview, and client mail survey.

Dental records and client survey reports were compared as sources of data for dental research. Further, two forms of the client survey were completed, a mail survey and telephone interview. A random sample of 271 clients of a dental group practice based within a university health service was selected. The Kappa values indicated a reasonable level of agreement of client survey and dental record with regard to the types of services received but no with regard to actual number of visits. Responses to the mail and the telephone versions of the client survey were compared for service satisfaction, hygiene behavior, and attitude and belief variables. Two potential sources of bias: nonrespondent/respondent bias and other response biases, such as acquiescent responses, were detected. The study illustrates the importance of weighing which source of response bias is more crucial to the general validity of a study based on the research questions to be addressed.

Dental Health Surveys↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a client care delivery model, Part 2: Variability in client outcomes in community home nursing.

Using similar variables, Part II explores variation in client outcomes such as OMAHA knowledge, behavior, and SF-36 scores. Medical and nursing diagnoses explained large variations in client outcomes. Clients cared for by degree-prepared nurses improved knowledge and behavior scores. Unanticipated case complexity was negatively associated with client outcome even with nursing intervention. The study revealed that "for every unit increase in assignment of baccalaureate-prepared nurses, clients will on average demonstrate an 80% greater likelihood of improvement in knowledge scores and a 120% greater likelihood of improvement in behavior scores in relation to their health condition at discharge." This two-part study has offered insight into the controllable variables influencing the cost and quality of home care services.

Canada↗
PubMed1977

Ratings of client self-disclosure and improvement as a function of sex of client and therapist.

This study examined the effects of client and therapist sex on client self-disclosure and improvement from individual psychotherapy. Based upon closing summary data collected at a college psychological counseling center, it was found that clients were more likely to be rated as low disclosers by female than by male therapists. Males viewed more clients as improved than did females (74% vs. 50%).

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1978

On the relationship of client satisfaction to client characteristics and outcome of treatment.

Administered to former psychiatric patients a client satisfaction scale and two general questions about satisfaction with hospitalization. Regression analyses that used the client satisfaction measures as dependent variables indicated that the client satisfaction scale was related more to other treatment outcome measures, especially length of stay and goal attainment. The two general questions on satisfaction had correlated highly with each other, but little relation to other outcome measures. The need for a clearer definition of client satisfaction is discussed.

Consumer Behavior↗