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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Reducing normative bias in health technology assessment: interactive evaluation and casuistry.

Health technology assessment (HTA) is often biased in the sense that it neglects relevant perspectives on the technology in question. To incorporate different perspectives in HTA, we should pursue agreement about what are relevant, plausible, and feasible research questions; interactive technology assessment (iTA) might be suitable for this goal. In this way a kind of procedural ethics is established. Currently, ethics too often is focussed on the application of general principles, which leaves a lot of confusion as to what really is the matter in specific cases; in an iTA clashes of values should not be approached by use of such ethics. Instead, casuistry, as a tool used within the framework of iTA, should help to articulate and clarify what is the matter, as to make room for explication and consensus building.

Casuistry↗
PubMed1995

Casuistry, care, compassion, and ethics data analysis.

Traditional approaches to descriptive ethics data analysis do not explicate the nature of ethical dilemmas in critical care and emergency nursing. Using sensitizing concepts of causes of nurse compassion, 168 stories of ethical dilemmas were categorized. They were analyzed from the theoretical perspective of an ethic of care using casuistry. Paradigm cases for each sensitizing concept were constructed. The nature of ethical dilemmas is in the disparity between actual and ideal nursing practice.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Possible intubation difficulties after cricotracheal resection--a casuistry].

Since the 1960s neonatal intensive care therapy made great progress. Along with the new possibilities of treatment unknown complications occurred especially in the upper respiratory tract. To relieve these respiratory complications new surgical techniques were developed in the 1980s. Children that were successfully operated on may now present to an anesthetist as a teenager or young adult. The serious anatomic deviations may cause unexpected problems during the induction of anesthesia. This casuistry will show a possible algorithm that may keep patient and physician save from difficulties and surprises.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Bioethics as methodological case resolution: specification, specified principlism and casuistry.

Bioethical decision-making depends on presuppositions about the function and goal of bioethics. The authors in this issue of The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy share the assumption that bioethics is about resolving cases, not about moral theory, and that the best method of bioethical decision-making is that which produces useful answers. Because we have no universally agreed upon background moral theory which can serve as the basis for bioethical decision-making, they try to move bioethics away from theory. For them, a good method of bioethical decision-making is one which resolves cases in ways that are justifiable to the parties involved, not necessarily in ways that bring us "close" to the right and the true. The authors consider how the move away from theory and toward actual cases is best accomplished. In particular, the debate in this issue is about specification, specified principlism, and casuistry.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2000

Specified principlism: what is it, and does it really resolve cases better than casuistry?

Principlism has been advocated as an approach to resolving concrete cases and issues in bioethics, but critics have pointed out that a main problem for principlism is its lack of a method for assigning priorities to conflicting ethical principles. A version of principlism referred to as 'specified principlism' has been put forward in an attempt to overcome this problem. However, none of the advocates of specified principlism have attempted to demonstrate that the method actually works in resolving detailed clinical cases. This paper shows that when one tries to use it, specified principlism fails to provide practical assistance in deciding how to resolve concrete cases. Proponents of specified principlism have attempted to defend it by arguing that it is superior to casuistry, but it can be shown that their arguments are faulty. Because of these reasons, specified principlism should not be considered a leading contender in the search for methods of making justifiable decisions in clinical cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗